telePresence Tracking Project Results
Psychological Processing of Media Spring 2013
Sample Demographic
MALE39%
FEMALE61%
SEX
N=15
6-13 YEARS OLD
14-21 YEARS OLD
22-29 YEARS OLD
30-37 YEARS OLD
38-45 YEARS OLD
46-53 YEARS OLD
54-61 YEARS OLD
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0
18
14
2
0
2 2
AGE
N=23
Sample Demographic
252
11
CITY
PHILADELPHIAWASHINGTON DCOTHERS
PRE-H
IGH SCHOOL
SOME H
IGH SCHOOL
HIGH SCHOOL D
EGRE
E
SOME C
OLLEGE
COLLE
GE DEG
REE
SOME G
RADUATE
SCHOOL
GRADUAT
E SCHOOL D
EGREE
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0
3
22
46
3
EDUCATION
Sample Demographic
NOTHING (1)
2 3 4 A LOT (5)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FAMILARITY WITH TELEPRESENCE
NU
MBE
R O
F PE
OPL
E
NOTHING (1)
2 3 4 A LOT (5)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
FAMILARITY WITH MEDIA PRODUCTION
• One experience per day most common• Note first day anomaly, trailing off
Frequency of Presence Experience
4/30/13 5/1/13 5/2/13 5/3/13 5/4/13 5/5/13 5/6/13 5/7/13 5/8/130
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
13
6
89
11
9 9
5
3
1213
15
13
1112
5
9
3
1
5
1
3
1 1
4
2
0
2
0 01
0 01
0 0
0 times1 times2 times3+ times
38 people115 experiences
Media Technology
ComputerCell/Smart-phone
TelevisionTabletOther
Film (in Theater)Book
Portable Media PlayerVideogame
Computer, FilmComputer, Film, TV, Videogame
Computer, Cell/Smart-phoneComputer, Cell/Smart-phone, TV
Computer, VideogameRadio
Radio, Cell/Smart-phone, TV, Videogame, Tablet
Radio, TVVideogame, Tablet
0 10 20 30 40
361918
876543
111111111 Computer,
smartphone, TV and tablet
No landline phone Film affected by time
of semester?
Media Element
Moving Image/Sound
Moving Image
Text
Sound
Moving Image/Sound, Interactivity
Text, Still Image
Still Image, Moving Image, Sound
Interactivity
Text, Still Image, Moving Image, Sound
Text, Still Image, Moving Image, Sound, Interactivity
Text, Still Image, Interactivity
Still Image
Still Image, Moving Image, Sound, Touch, Interactivity
Moving Image, Sound, Touch
Text, Still Image, Moving Image
Text, Moving Image
Text, Moving Image, Sound, Touch
Text, Interactivity
Moving Image, Sound, Touch, Smell
Moving Image, Sound, Other
Sound, Interactivity
Other
0 5 10 15 20 2523
221515
76
43
222222
11111111
Moving image/sound dominates
Confusion about moving image including sound?
Text well represented Many combos
Intensity
1 2 3 4 5 6 705
1015202530354045
15
14 15
40
2317
Mean = 4.96SD = 1.398N = 115
• Mean above scale midpoint• Every point represented
Enjoyment
1 2 3 4 5 6 705
10152025303540
51
7 6
26
3337
Mean = 5.56SD = 1.534N = 115
• High mean• Every point represented
Type of Presence
ENGAGEMENT SOCIAL PRESENCE
SPATIAL PRESENCE
TRANSPORTATION REALISM - PERCEPTUAL
INVERSE PRESENCE
REALISM - SOCIAL
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
24
16
9
64
31
Media Technology and Presence Intensity
Compu
ter
Cell/S
mart-pho
ne
Televi
sion
Tablet
Other
Film Book
Portab
le Med
ia Play
er
Videog
ame
Radio
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 (Not at all strong)234567 (Very strong)
M=4.20 M=4.25M=4.00 M=5.00M=5.33M=4.71M=6.13M=5.11M=4.74M=4.78
Media Technology and Presence Enjoyment
Compu
ter
Cell/Sm
art-ph
one
Telev
ision
Table
tOthe
rFilm Boo
k
Porta
ble Med
ia Pla
yer
Videog
ame
Radio
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 (Not at all strong)234567 (Very strong)
M=5.60 M=6.25M=5.67 M=6.00M=6.00M=5.14M=6.25M=5.28M=5.68M=5.25
Computer: All typesTV: Engagement, socialFilm: TransportationPhone: Spatial, social
Media Technology and Type of Presence
Compu
ter
Cell/S
mart-ph
one
Telev
ision
Tablet Film
Portab
le Med
ia Pla
yer Book
Other
Video
game
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Spatial PresenceSocial PresenceTransportationEngagementSocial RealismPerceptual RealismInverse Presence
Time
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
10
2
9
17
1316
32
16
Early evening most common
Then late morning Every time
represented
Duration (Minutes)
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 10.0
12.0
15.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
43.0
45.0
50.0
55.0
60.0
75.0
80.0
90.010
0.012
0.013
0.018
0.019
0.00
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2
5
1
4
6
1
6
1
10
1
2
1
11
2
10
8
12
2
1
2 2
1
8
1 1
2 2
4
1 1
2
M=30.978 Median=1
5 Range=20
seconds – 190 minutes
Minutes
Place
Home
Publi
c Space
Schoo
lOther
Work
Car / O
ther Veh
icle
Walking
Home,
Schoo
l, Public
Space
Home,
Public
Space, O
ther
80
117 6 5 2 2 1 1
Home dominates Public Space and
School follows
Interaction with People
76%
24%
Interaction with PeopleNo Yes
56%26%
10%
8%
CompanyAloneOne Other PersonGroup of Family and/or FriendsGroup of Strangers
How the Experience Ends
You d
ecide
d to e
nd
Media
presen
tation
ende
d
Someo
ne/th
ing In
terrup
ted
Don't r
emem
ber
Combo
sOthe
r0
510
1520
2530
3540
4550
44 42
118 6 4
Break in presence rare
“I gasped extremely loud which interrupted my experience”.
“The poor connection of network” (Technology fail)
Gender Differences
Intensity Enjoyment4.24.44.64.8
55.25.45.65.8
FemaleMale
• Females report slightly stronger and more enjoyable experience
Additional Comments Movie/Music “I was watching The Office and several
characters broke the 4th wall. They talked to you while looking at you at the camera. It felt like I was talking with them”.
“Happened to see end of Austin City Limits on PBS with Kat Edmondson, who I'd never heard of; her voice and the instruments were so clear and distinct and 'real' and 'present'; I was able to think how I was experiencing presence as I was experiencing it, very '2-track'...”
“Was listening to music, felt like I was next to the person performing”.
Additional Comments Mobile phone/Online text “My sister snap chatted me videos of her
talking to my dogs. It felt so real, like I was really there next to her”.
“I was browsing the internet and was in an online forum. I quickly became engaged in the forum. After being on the website for a long enough time, despite being a text-only forum with posts from a few hours ago, it felt as if I was actually communicating in real-time with the other posts”.
“I was reading an e-mail from my advisor, while I was able to see her expression and gestures by reading her words”.
Additional Comments Videogame/Other technology “I was playing an iPad game: D-day that I felt I
was right on the battlefield”. “The screen is too small, otherwise the
experience should be stronger”. “I went to the movies and saw a film in 3-d”.
Bugs and Questions Primary medium instead of “check all that
apply”? How complete was reporting? “Who else was with you?”: mediated or not
mediated? How did you decide what to report and not to
report? Future questions: time by medium, time by
enjoyment, etc. Add tech failure, media presentation change? Moving images without sound? “Check all that apply” problems
Conclusions Telepresence is common At least once a day Home Alone Not with real people in real-time In early evening With computer and phone With moving image/sound Mildly intense, very enjoyable Engagement, social and spatial Research is challenging, but we did good.