Overview (Pt.1)
• Brain Myths• Complexity• Development• Structure– Name That Nervous System
• Telencephalon
Mythbusters: 8 Myths about the Human Brain
1) Einstein’s brain was different than our brains.
2) We only use 10% of our brain.
3) Listening to Mozart makes you smarter.
4) People are either “right-brained” or “left-brained”.
5) Drinking alcohol always kills brain cells.
6) Brain damage is always permanent.
7) The heart is more important for love than the brain.
8) The human brain is larger than any other animal brain.
Overview (Pt.1)
• Brain Myths• Complexity• Development• Structure– Name That Nervous System
• Telencephalon
Overview (Pt.1)
• Brain Myths• Complexity• Development• Structure– Name That Nervous System
• Telencephalon
Development
Important Terms1. Neural crest2. Neuroblasts3. Neuroepithelium4. Neural induction5. Ectoderm6. Rostrocaudal7. Forebrain
DefinitionsA. 1 of 3 layers in the embryoB. Contains the cerebral
hemispheres, thalamus, and hypothalamus
C. Lining of neural tubeD. Progenitor cellsE. Neurons outside the neural crestF. Head-to-tail directionG. Process that forms neural tube
Matching Exercise
Overview (Pt.1)
• Brain Myths• Complexity• Development• Structure– Name That Nervous System
• Telencephalon
Structure of the Nervous System
Human Nervous System
Human Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Overview (Pt.1)
• Brain Myths• Complexity• Development• Structure– Name That Nervous System
• Telencephalon
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Activity: Showercap Mindmap
1. Label each of the 4 lobes with blue label
2. Label specialized areas with green: corpus callosum, Broca’s Area, Wernicke’s area
3. Label information processing with yellow, include areas for: hearing, heat, pain and temperature, and integration of information
4. Label cortex areas in orange, include: motor, association, somatosensory, auditory, and visual
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
The Hemispheres
Right Brain Visual Hemisphere Controls left side of body
Splitting is the Key
Left Brain Language Hemisphere Controls right side of body
Hemispherectomy
What is it?
Living with half a brain
Is this the norm?
Is it effective?
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Structure: Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
TelencephalonTelencephalon
DiencephalonDiencephalon
MesencephalonMesencephalon
MetencephalonMetencephalon
MyelencephalonMyelencephalon
Central Nervous System: Forebrain & Midbrain
Diencephalon Forebrain
Thalamus - Gatekeepero Lateral Geniculate
Nucleus
Hypothalamus - Regulation
Mesencephalon Mid Brain
Reticular Formation + Brainstemo Visual/Auditory Info
Central Nervous System: Hindbrain
Metencephalon Hindbrain
Ponso Sensory/Motor Info
Cerebellumo Little Braino Coordination
Myelencephalon Hindbrain
Medulla Oblongatao Basic Survival
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
The Limbic System
Amygdala Arousal and Emotion
Basal Ganglia Movement/Coordination
Cingulate Gyrus Directing attention
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Brain Matter Matters
Early Brain StudyPhrenology
NeuroanatomyPost-mortem dissectionCAT or MRI Scanners
Brain MatterGray matter NeuronsWhite matter Myelin
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Brainstem
Structure Medulla Pons Midbrain Diencephalon
Function Survival Sleep/Wake Cycle Sensory/Motor Function Growth/hormonal
behaviors
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Overview (Pt.2)
• Mindmap Activity• The Hemispheres– Hemispherectomy
• Structure: Central Nervous System• The Limbic System• Brain Matter Matters• Brain Stem• Neuroimaging Techniques• Brain Stimulation Techniques
Brain Manipulation Techniques
Non-human experimental methods Lesions or Ablations Case Studies
Human experimental methods Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation (TMS) Transcranial Direct Current
Stimulation (tDCS)
Photo AttributionSlide 12
Photo Credit: Nico Ibieta https://www.flickr.com/photos/64006960@N00/3690647743/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/
Slide 12Photo Credit: Mike L Photo's https://www.flickr.com/photos/8725162@N07/5871348997/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Slide 12Photo Credit: saminblue https://www.flickr.com/photos/8170285@N07/3321585200/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
Slide 12Photo Credit: KatieKrueger https://www.flickr.com/photos/22220144@N06/2351656805/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/
Slide 19Photo Credit: MTSOfan https://www.flickr.com/photos/8628862@N05/10392724753/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
Slide 19Photo Credit: Tormod Ulsberg https://www.flickr.com/photos/29891476@N00/10911218636/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
Slide 20Photo Credit: EUSKALANATO https://www.flickr.com/photos/euskalanato/1971827663/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
Slide 26Photo Credit: wildwise studio https://www.flickr.com/photos/81716653@N00/8813707262/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
Slide 28Photo Credit: bucaorg (Paul Burnett) https://www.flickr.com/photos/bucaorg/7254702496/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
Slide 30Photo Credit: OpenStax College http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1311_Brain_Stem.jpg http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en
Slide 32Photo Credit: Ian Ruotsala http://www.flickr.com/photos/ian_ruotsala/189736044/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
Slide 33 Photo Credit: pennstatenews https://www.flickr.com/photos/53130103@N05/9504982576/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
Slide 34 Photo Credit: Reigh LeBlanc https://www.flickr.com/photos/12845794@N04/1372175973/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/
Sldie 35 & 36Photo Credit: jgmarcelino https://www.flickr.com/photos/gkpics/4542550925/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Slide 37Photo Credit: Unknown NIMH author http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NIMH_MEG.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/public_domain