The Chain of Infection
How diseases spread
The Chain of Infection
Source of InfectionThere needs to be someone or something carrying the bad microbes that cause the infection
There are many sources of infection, these can include
• People already infected• Pets• Unclean surfaces (door
handles, keyboards, toilets, etc)
The Chain of Infection
Way out for microbes
There needs to be a way for the microbes to get out of the infected person or source
Routes include
• Sneezing (aerosols)
• Transfer of bodily fluids
The chain of Infection
Spread of infectionBad microbes need a way to be passed from person to person
This can be through • touch
• sexual transmission
The chain of Infection
Way in for microbes• Bad microbe need a way to get
into someone else before they can cause an infection
• This can be through – the food we eat – inhalation of aerosols– open cuts or sores
– things we put in our mouths
The Chain of Infection
People at Risk from InfectionWe are all at risk from infection but especially the young, the elderly and those on medication
Breaking the Chain
How to prevent the spread of Infection
Breaking the Chain
Source of infection• Isolate infected people• Take care with raw food• Wash pets on a regular basis• Dispose of nappies and
soiled items appropriately
Breaking the Chain
Way out for microbes
Prevent any – faeces – vomit – bodily fluids – coughs and sneezes
getting onto surfaces or hands
Breaking the Chain
Spread of infection • Wash hands thoroughly AND
regularly • Cover cuts and open sores • Take appropriate precaution
during sexual activities
Breaking the Chain
Way out for microbesPrevent any
• faeces • vomit • bodily fluids • coughs and sneezes
getting onto surfaces or hands
Breaking the Chain
People at risk from infection
Everyone• Take appropriate vaccinations
High risk people• Keep away from people who are
infectious• Take extra care about
cleanliness• Take extra care when cook and
preparing food