The Field of ESOL
Virginia Adult Educator Certification Program
World Englishes
World Englishes
The Teaching of World Englishes
The Foreign-born Population in the United States
Pew Hispanic Center, 2007
U.S. Virginia
Total population
301,621,000 7,712,000
Native-born
263,572,703 6,938,215
Foreign-born
38,048,456 773,785
% 12.6 10.3
Virginia’s Foreign-born
Virginia’s Foreign-born
Frederick (5th) and Loudoun (9th) Counties, VA
ranked in the top ten U.S. counties for percent growth in foreign-born population (2000 to 2006).
• The largest share were from Asia (39.8%).• 36% from Latin America• The top three countries of birth:
– El Salvador– Mexico– Korea
English Proficiency of Virginia Residents
The Cost of Low English Proficiency
The Lexington Institute
010,00020,00030,00040,00050,000
Median Household Income Median Household Income for English Learners
ELL Households Earn 60% of English-only Households
The Cost of Low English Proficiency
Quick Facts
Currently over 11 million ELLs in U.S. with over 5 million in elementary and secondary schools
An estimated 113,569 students fail to graduate each year due only to lack of English skills.
LEP wage penalty between 3.8% and 38.6 %
Nearly $65 billion in earnings lost annually due to inadequate English skills for LEP adults.
ESOL + Adult Education
Service Providers:
OAEL (VA) Funded Programs
TOTAL STUDENTS68 Programs ReportedFiscal year 2007 - 2008
ABE 11,354
ASE 4,574
ESOL 15,012
Total 30,940
ESL Degrees and Certificates
Research in Second Language Acquisition
– VATESOL – http://vatesol.cloverpad.org/ – WATESOL – http://watesol.org
Sites Consulted
• Pew Hispanic Center– http://pewhispanic.org/
• Migration Policy Institute– http://www.migrationpolicy.org/
The Field of ESOL
Virginia Adult Educator Certification Program