THE INTEGUMENTAR
Y SYSTEM
DID YOU KNOW . . . . In adults the skin covers an area of about 22
square feet The skin is the largest organ in the body The skin weighs about 10-11 pounds House dust is mainly skin flakes! What hurts if you pull it, but doesn't hurt if
you cut it? Your hair, of course!
Skin is elastic - it springs back into shape when stretched.
Some medicines (estrogen, nicotine) can pass through the skin, but others cannot (insulin). Why is that? Because only fat-soluble substances
can enter the skin, not water-soluble ones.
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF
1. Skin2. Hair3. Nails4. Glands 5. Sensory
receptors
FUNCTIONS OF SKIN1. Regulate body
temperature2. Protection3. Detects
sensations4. Excretes and
absorbs substances
5. Synthesizes vitamin D
LAYERS OF SKIN1. Epidermis
Layers of keratinized epithelial cells
Mostly dead cells 2. Dermis
Specialized structures
3. Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
What shape would the skin cells have? They would be stratified squamous
cells
NUMBER OF LAYERS Seven
Thick vs ThinThicker in high
friction areas Ex. feet
SPECIALIZED CELLS WITHIN THE EPIDERMIS
Langerhans cellsRecognize foreign
cells Merkel cells and
Tactile disks Detect touch
MELANIN AND KERATIN Keratin
Waterproofs skin
MelaninProvides color and
UV protectionColor ranges from
yellow to black
HAIR Made up of dead
epidermal keratinized cellsWhat is the function
of hair?What is the function
of the arrector pili muscle?
Color produced by melaninWhat about white
or grey hair?
DO ANIMALS GET GOOSE BUMPS?
STRUCTURES WITHIN THE DERMIS
SWEAT GLANDS Eccrine sweat
gland Regulate body tempRelease sweat in
response to emotion
Apocrine sweat glandsDo not function
until pubertySweat is odorless
Where does BO come from?
ACNE
Acnehttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAx5gwhmsdo
What causes acne? Blackheads?
BODY AUGMENTATIONThe science of tattoos https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMuBif1mJz0
Face Lift http
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEJ2KnrOxSg
TATTOOS Which layer of
skin is ink deposited in? Why?
What would happen to a tattoo if the ink was injected into the epidermis? Explain your answer.
FACELIFT BEFORE AND AFTER
HEALTH RISKS OF BODY AUGMENTATION
1. Which trends are popular among your peers?
2. What are other forms of body augmentation?
3. What risks are involved with certain types of body augmentation?
Liposuction Cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfRsBijqS4E&oref=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnfRsBijqS4E&has_verified=1
BODY AUGMENTATION
Elaine Davidson
HEALTH RISKS OF BODY AUGMENTATION
4. Should teens be allowed to augment their bodies? Why or why not?
Teen Plastic Surgery Clipshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVf4uquOyXwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFAcgWOH2Mg
REMOVAL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGy
Yuz1aMGU https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2cLuvXoFjE
SKIN COLOR 3 pigments
MelaninHemoglobinCarotene
Sun Exposure: Necessary to
produce vitamin D Increased
exposure can lead to . . .?
CANCER Overgrowth of
cellsSizeQuantity
What happens?DNA damage leads
cell cycle not working correctly
NAILS Hard dead
keratinized cells Why is the nail
body pink but the lanula a whitish color?
FACT OR FICTIONhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iJVWMR4Uq0&list=PL6SJY8-nLqZousdoE53-Al4O_XAOR9CjA
The Fugate Family
Paul Karason
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahihGKZC5Kk
SKIN AS AN INDICATOR Cyanotonic
Blood is not picking up enough oxygen
Skin turns bluish-purple
Erythmea Redness of skinCapillaries
engorged with bloodHeat, infection,
inflammation, etc.
JAUNDICE Yellow skin and
whites of the eyes
Excess bilirubin in blood
Indicates liver disease in adults
What about infants?
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM DISORDERS POSTER
BURNS http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNQ_uW66LfU
What can cause skin to be burned?
1st degree burns
2nd degree burns
3rd degree burns
TYPES OF BURNS
RULE-OF-NINES
TREATMENT OF BURNS1st and 2nd
Cool burnCover with gauzePain reliever
3rd
Don’t coolDon’t remove
clothingElevate burnt partCover
SKIN GRAFT Needed when the
stratum basale and stem cells are destroyed.
Is a transfer of healthy skin to a donor site
Describe the process of a skin graft
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZYrw2fYk8U&oref=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D7ZYrw2fYk8U&has_verified=1
SKIN AND WATER Wrinkles during
prolonged exposureSebum is washed
away Why does the
skin get “puffy”?Dead cells swell,
living do notProvide surface
area to grip objects
CASE STUDY #1 You attempt to re-warm a hypothermic
patient using hot water and zip-lock bags. Your attempt was thwarted when you attempted to remove the zip-lock which had adhered to the skin. The skin in the affected areas was removed when you took the bag off. The bags were placed over the entire body except the head, neck and perineum.
What percentage of the body was burned? Which degree burn did your patient suffer from?
CASE STUDY #2 A toddler spills a steaming cup-o-
noodles over her the left side of her head and her left anterior torso. She develops blistering, redness and intense pain over the affected areas of her body. She later develops a fungal infection.
a) What percentage of her body is burned?
b) Which degree burn is she suffering from?
CASE STUDY #3 A boiler explodes and burns an
unsuspecting victim who has walked by mid-blast. His entire body is burned with the exception of his perineum and right anterior thigh.
What percentage of his body is burned? Which degree is burn is your patient suffering from?
CASE STUDY #4 A mechanic is working on a car. Gas is
accidentally sprayed on his arm which then catches fire. He was wearing a jacket at the time of the accident, which ended up being burned into his skin.
a) Would it be wise to attempt to remove the jacket from his body? Why or why not?
b) What percentage of his body has been burned?
c) Which degree of burn is your patient suffering from?