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Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 1
The Language Of
Medicine
10
th
editionDavi
-
Ellen
Chabner
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Chapter 6
Additional Suffixes andDigestive System
Terminology
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Chapter Goals
• Define new suffixes and use them withdigestive system combining forms.
• List and explain laboratory tests, clinical
procedures, and abbreviations common to thedigestive system.
• Apply your new knowledge to understanding
medical terms in their proper context, such asmedical reports and records.
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Chapter 6
Lesson 6.1
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Suffixes
• -ectasis, -ectasia __________
• -emesis __________
• -pepsia __________
• -phagia __________
•
-plasty __________
• -ptysis __________
Suffix Meaning
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Suffixes
• -ectasis, -ectasia dilation, widening
• -emesis vomiting
• -pepsia digestion
• -phagia eating, swallowing
• -plasty surgical repair
• -ptysis spitting
Suffix Meaning
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Suffixes (cont’d)
• -rrhage, -rrhagia __________
• -rrhaphy __________
• -rrhea __________
• -spasm __________
•
-stasis __________• -stenosis __________
• -tresia __________
Suffix Meaning
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Suffixes (cont’d)
• -rrhage, -rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
• -rrhaphy suture
• -rrhea flow, discharge
• -spasm involuntary contractionof muscles
• -stasis stopping; controlling
• -stenosis narrowing, tightening
• -tresia opening
Suffix Meaning
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Suffixes (cont’d)
• Suffixes that are also used alone as separate
terms:
Emesis (emetic)Spasm
Stasis
Stenosis
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QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which term means difficulty in swallowing?
A. Dysphasia
B. DysphagiaC. Dysplasia
D. Polyphagia
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QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d)
2. Which term means to control or stop
bleeding?
A. Hemostasis
B. Hematoma
C. Hemoptysis
D. Cholestasis
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Combining Forms
and Terminology
• bucc/o __________
• cec/o __________
• celi/o __________
• cheil/o __________
• chol/e __________
• cholangi/o __________
• cholecyst/o __________
• choledoch/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms
and Terminology
• bucc/o cheek
• cec/o cecum
• celi/o abdomen
• cheil/o lip
• chol/e gall, bile
• cholangi/o bile duct (vessel)
• cholecyst/o gallbladder
• choledoch/o common bile duct
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• col/o __________
• colon/o __________
• dent/i __________
• duoden/o __________
• enter/o __________
• esophag/o __________
• gastr/o __________
• gingiv/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• col/o colon
• colon/o colon
• dent/i tooth
• duoden/o duodenum
• enter/o intestines
• esophag/o esophagus
• gastr/o stomach
• gingiv/o gums
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• gloss/o __________
• gluc/o __________
• glyc/o __________
• hepat/o __________
• herni/o __________
• ile/o __________
• jejun/o __________
• labi/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• gloss/o tongue
• gluc/o sugar
• glyc/o sugar
• hepat/o liver
• herni/o hernia
• ile/o ileum
• jejun/o jejunum
• labi/o lip
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• lingu/o __________
• lip/o __________
• lith/o __________
• odont/o __________
•or/o __________
• palat/o __________
• pancreat/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• lingu/o tongue
• lip/o fat
• lith/o stone
• odont/o tooth
•
or/o mouth• palat/o palate
• pancreat/o pancreas
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• proct/o __________
• pylor/o __________• rect/o __________
• sialaden/o __________
• splen/o __________
• steat/o __________
• stomat/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
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Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
• proct/o anus and rectum
• pylor/o pyloric sphincter• rect/o rectum
• sialaden/o salivary gland
• splen/o spleen
• steat/o fat
• stomat/o mouth
Combining Form Meaning
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QUICK QUIZ:
3. Which term means enlarged liver?
A. Acromegaly
B. CardiomegalyC. Hepatomegaly
D. Hepatitis
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Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
• Laboratory tests
Liver function tests (LFTs): tests for enzymes and
bilirubin in blood
Stool culture: test for microorganisms in stool
Stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test: test to detect
blood in feces
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QUICK QUIZ:
4. Which of the following tests for the clear
fluid that remains after blood has clotted
(serum)?
A. Stool guaiac
B. Hemoccult
C. Stool culture
D. LFTs
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Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
• Clinical procedures
X-rays
• Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)
• Upper gastrointestinal series
• Cholangiography
• Computed tomography (CT scan)
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Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures (cont’d)
• Clinical procedures
Ultrasound examination
• Abdominal ultrasonography
• Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)
Magnetic resonance techniques
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Nuclear medicine test
• Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan (HIDA scan)
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Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures (cont’d)
• Other procedures
Gastric bypass or bariatric surgery: reduces stomach size
Gastrointestinal endoscopy: visual examination of the GItract
Laparoscopy: visual examination of the abdomen
Liver biopsy: removal of liver tissue for microscopicexamination
Nasogastric intubation: insertion of a tube through the
nose into the stomachParacentesis (abdominocentesis): puncture to remove
fluid from abdomen
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QUICK QUIZ:
5. Which procedure is a surgical puncture to
remove fluid from the abdomen?
A. Laparoscopy
B. Laparotomy
C. Abdominectomy
D. Abdominocentesis
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Abbreviations
• alk phos
• ALT, AST
• BE
•BM
• BRBPR
• CD
• CT
• EGD
• ERCP
__________
__________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________
__________
__________
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Abbreviations
• alk phos
• ALT, AST
• BE
•
BM• BRBPR
• CD
• CT
• EGD
• ERCP
Alkaline phosphatase
Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase
Barium enema
Bowel movementBright red blood per rectum
Celiac disease
Computed tomography
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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Abbreviations (cont’d)
• EUS
• FOBT
• G tube
•
GB• GERD
• GI
• HBV
• IBD
• LAC
• LFTs
__________
__________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
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Abbreviations (cont’d)
• EUS
• FOBT
• G tube
•
GB• GERD
• GI
• HBV
• IBD
• LAC
• LFTs
Endoscopic ultrasonography
Fecal occult blood test
Gastrostomy tube; also stomach tube, PEG tube
GallbladderGastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastrointestinal
Hepatitis B virus
Inflammatory bowel disease
Laparoscopic-assisted colectomy
Liver function tests
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Abbreviations (cont’d)
• MRI
• NG tube
• NPO
• PEG tube
• PEJ tube
• PTHC
• PUD
• TPN
• T tube
__________
__________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________
__________
__________
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Abbreviations (cont’d)
• MRI
• NG tube
• NPO
• PEG tube
• PEJ tube
• PTHC
• PUD
• TPN
• T tube
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nasogastric tube
Nothing by mouth
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubePercutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Peptic ulcer disease
Total parenteral nutrition
Tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a
small pouch on the outside of the body
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Review Suffixes
-ase _____________
-centesis _____________
-chezia _____________
-ectasia _____________
-ectasis _____________
-ectomy _____________
-emesis _____________
-emia _____________
-genesis _____________
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
• -ase enzyme
• -centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid
• -chezia defecation; elimination of wastes
• -ectasia stretching; dilation; expansion
• -ectasis stretching; dilation; expansion
• -ectomy removal; excision; resection
• -emesis vomiting
• -emia blood condition
• -genesis producing; forming
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-graphy _____________
-iasis _____________
-lysis _____________
-megaly _____________
-orexia _____________
-pathy _____________
-pepsia _____________
-phagia _____________
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
• -graphy process of recording
• -iasis abnormal condition
• -lysis breakdown; separation;
destruction; loosening
• -megaly enlargement
• -orexia appetite
• -pathy disease; emotion• -pepsia digestion
• -phagia eating; swallowing
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-prandial _____________
-plasty _____________
-ptosis _____________
-ptysis _____________
-rrhage _____________
-rrhagia _____________
-rrhaphy _____________
-rrhea _____________
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
• -prandial meal
• -plasty surgical repair
• -ptosis droop; sag; prolapse; fall
• -ptysis spitting
• -rrhage bursting forth (of blood)
• -rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
• -rrhaphy suture
• -rrhea flow; discharge
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-scopy _____________
-spasm _____________
-stasis _____________
-stenosis _____________
-stomy _____________
-tomy _____________
-tresia _____________
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Review Suffixes (cont’d)
• -scopy visual examination
• -spasm sudden contraction of muscles
• -stasis stop; control; place
• -stenosis tightening; stricture
• -stomy new opening (to form a mouth)
• -tomy process of cutting
• -tresia opening