The Plant Kingdom (Part III)
Kings of Photosynthesis
Engage
ExploreBegin Photosynthesis Lab
Photosynthesis Foldable
Explain
• Autotrophs:biotic producers; photoautotrophs; chemoautotrophs; obtains organic food without eating other organisms
• Heterotrophs: biotic consumers; obtains organic food by eating other organisms or their by-products (includes decomposers)
Video 2
General Over View of Photosynthesis
Sunlight
1. 6 CO2+ 6 H2O ------------------> C6H12O6 +6 O2
Chlorophyll
2. Carried out in plants, algae, and some bacteria.3. In plants and algae; chloroplasts. Bacteria;
cytoplasm.4. The process is broken down into two parts:
a). Light reactions b). Dark reactions (Calvin Cycle).
Light Spectrum
violet indigo blue green yellow orange red
380nm 450 nm
500 nm
550 nm
600
nm
650
nm
700-750nm
Light Being UsedChlorophyll is the main pigment in the chloroplast. It is green and will reflect the green light.
Plants use the violet- blue area of the spectrum the most.
The orange - red area is used also used.
Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
V B G YO R
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll Light Absorption
The chloroplast
• Sites of photosynthesis• Pigment: chlorophyll• Plant cell: mesophyll• Gas exchange: stomata• Double membrane• Thylakoids, grana,
stroma
Chloroplast
Light
O2
Sugars
CO2
Light-Dependent Reactions
CalvinCycle
NADPH
ATP
ADP + PNADP+Chloroplast
Photosynthesis: An Overview
Video 3
Light ReactionsThis set of reactions needs sunlight and chlorophyll. They occur in the area of the chloroplast called the thylakoids.Sunlight hits and activates an area called the photosystem causing water molecules to split into H+ and O2
The Oxygen leaves the cell, while the H+ are used to help create 2 high energy chemicals ATP and NADPH.These chemicals are sent to the stroma to be used in the Dark Reactions.
Dark ReactionsThey occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. This process does not need sunlight and can occur 24 hours a day.In this series of reactions the plant makes a chemical called PGAL from carbon dioxide and the energy from the ATP and NADPH.This PGAL is an intermediate compound that is raw material for all the materials a plant needs. The most common is sugar.
ChloropIast
CO2 Enters the Cycle
Energy Input
5-CarbonMoleculesRegenerated
Sugars and other compounds
6-Carbon SugarProduced
Calvin Cycle
SummaryThis is a building processIt requires water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, and chlorophyll. It produces sugar and oxygen..The Light reaction produces oxygen and the needed materials for the Dark reactions.The Dark reactions produce PGAL from the carbon dioxide, ATP and NADPH. PGAL will be used to produce sugar and other materials.
ElaborateFinish Photosynthesis Lab
Photosynthesis Concept Map
Compare/Contrast Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
includes
of
take place intakes place in uses
to produce to produce
use
Light-dependentreactions
Calvin cycle
Thylakoidmembranes Stroma NADPHATPEnergy from
sunlight
ATP NADPH O2 Chloroplasts High-energysugars
CO2
uses
GlucoseGlycolysis
Cytoplasm
Pyruvic acid
Electrons carried in NADH
Krebs Cycle
Electrons carried in NADH and
FADH2
Electron Transport Chain
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
Evaluation