The Road to War & The War of 1812
Chapter 7, 8th Grade, Glencoe
http://mywarof1812.com/images/splash_1.jpg
Barbary Pirates
• Barbary Coast States – North African Nations
• Pirates Tripoli & Barbary States attacked European & American ships – ____________ _________________________________________________________________________
• Capture the Philadelphia (U.S. ship); Stephen Decatur set the ship on fire to prevent __________________________________________________________________________
• June 1805 – Tripoli agrees to not attack our ships, but U.S. has to pay __________________________________________________________________________
American Neutrality is Violated
• 1803 – Britain & France went to war again
• Both the British & French _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Limits on Trade
• Embargo Act of 1807 – Forbade Americans
______________________________________________________________________
– It cut off supplies to France & Britain, but it also hurt the U.S.• Embargo Act failed because
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________– U.S. couldn’t import sugar, tea, or molasses– Eventually U.S. agrees to trade with Britain & France again
once they ______________________________________________________________________
– Napoleon tricks U.S. and continues to capture U.S. ships; Some Americans call for war
– 1808 – ______________________________________________________________________
Conflicts with Native Americans
• Ohio becomes a state in 1803, but settlers __________________________________________________________________________
• Tecumseh & the Prophet thought Indians were __________________________________________________________________________– They called for the Indians to return to their
old ways & resist white invaders; although they received support from the British
• Tecumseh organized a _________________________________________________________________________
• 1811 – General Harrison, governor of Indian Territory, leads attack on Prophetstown on the __________________________________________________________________________
• No clear winner, but white celebrate; Tecumseh flees to British-held Canada
http://www.wvec.k12.in.us/battle/prophet.gif
http://smcdsb.on.ca/mdy/Tecumseh.gif
Tecumseh &
the Prophet
War Hawks
• War Hawks = members of Congress from the South & West who called for war with Britain
• Reasons War Hawks Wanted War– To
________________________________________________________
– To stop British ____________________________________________
– To demonstrate ______________________________________________________
– To take _____________________________________________________________________
– To end ________________________________________________________________
• War Hawks thought war would bring peace & safety to the Frontier and dreamed of more land
• Those opposed to war don’t want extra taxes & are concerned about British attacking U.S. ports http://members.tripod.com/~war1812/WARHAWKS.JPG
War of 1812
• U.S. declares war _____________________________________
• Britain still at war _____________________________________
• Pres. Jefferson reduced spending on _________________________________________________________________________
• Few regular troops = relied on volunteers• British blockaded American ports to
__________________________________________________________________________
• U.S. navy too small _____________________________________http://www.tngenweb.org/bedford/war1812.JPG
Battles
• American General William Hull was ______________________________________________________________________
• American Captain Oliver Hazard Perry was successful at __________________________________________________________________________
• Andrew Jackson able to win the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814) against the Creeks– Native Americans
___________________________________
http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Shire/6423/Ships/1812.jpg
Andrew Jackson
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Final Battles
• 1814- Britain defeats France & send ________________________________________________________________
• British win battle in Maryland & then march on Washington, D.C.• British
_____________________________________________________________________– ___________________________________________________
_____________ able gather important paper of pres. & portrait of George Washington from White House
• Battle of Fort McHenry – inspired American Francis Scott Key ________________________________________________________________________
• Battle of New Orleans – British attack Jan. 8, 1815 -- __________________________________________________________________________– Could have been avoided because
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Results of the War of 1812
• Treaty of _____________________________________
• Pre-war ____________________________________
• USA gained _____________________________________________________________________
• The US showed _____________________________________
• Andrew Jackson __________________________________________________________________________
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000071.jpg
Questions
• Write Three “Deep” Questions and answer them
(questions that cannot be answered “yes,” “no,” or with a simple date or fact)
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.