The Story of
Petroleum
http://www.blog.thesietch.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/lucas_gusher.jpg
How it all began…
Thanks to photosynthesis
http://grapevine.net.au/~grunwald/une/KLAs/science/photosynthesis.html
Photosynthesiscarbon dioxide + water + sunlight = sugar + oxygen
Photosynthesiscarbon dioxide + water + sunlight = sugar + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O
light
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O
light
C6H12O6 + 6O2
O C O
H
O H
O C O
H
O H
O C O
H
O H
O C O
H
O H
O C O
H
O H
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
C
C OHH
C HHO
C OHH
C OHH
C
O
H
H
O
H
H
light
O C O
H
O H O O
C
C OHH
C HHO
C OHH
C OHH
C
O
H
H
O
H
H
C
C OHH
C HHO
C OHH
C OHH
C
O
H
H
O
H
H
C
C OHH
C HHO
C OHH
C OHH
C
O
H
H
O
H
H
O OO OO O
H3C
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
H2C
CH2
C
OH
O
O OO OO O O OO OO O
organic material + heat + pressure = coal and oil
Nature’s Oven
http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/non-renewable/images/OILGASFORMATION.gif
A Big Sandwhich
http://www.greatpointenergy.com/images/graphics/carbonsequestrationchart_large.jpg
Where in the World is Oil Found?
http://www.independent.co.uk/multimedia/archive/00031/World-Oil_31948a.jpg
Getting oil to the surface
https://www.emnrd.state.nm.us/OCD/images/oilwell.bmp
http://minerva.union.edu/garverj/GEO_101/Oil_well.jpg
increasing production
http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/PIC/27figures/fig3.gif
Crude Oil = Petroleum
http://www.northstarenergyinc.com/images/uploads/Davis5CrudeOil.jpg
C
H
H
H
H C
H
H
H
C
H
H
H C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
H C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
methane ethane propane butane
C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
octane
C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
C
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
C
H
C
H
HC
H
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CH
H
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HC
H
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C
H
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H
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C
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C
H
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C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
benzene
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
HH H
H
H
H
HH H
H
HH
H
H
H
H
H
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C
C
C
C
C
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H
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C
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C
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C
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Hydrocarbons
Refinery
http://groovygreen.com/groove/wp-content/uploads/2007/01/rws-no-refinery.jpg
http://www.solcomhouse.com/images/oilgtr.JPG
What’s in that Barrel?
http://www.eia.doe.gov/bookshelf/brochures/diesel/images/barrel.png
Distillation Separates Hydrocarbons by Size
Distillation Separates Hydrocarbons by Size
Distillation Separates Hydrocarbons by Size
Distillation Separates Hydrocarbons by Size
Distillation Separates Hydrocarbons by Size
Volatiles
Gasolines
Diesel
Heavy Oil
Asphalt
“Cracking” Reduces Hydrocarbon Size
Heavy Oil
Asphalt
Cracking
It’s not just about gas
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/data?pid=avimage&iid=iaK0ndHmM.GE
Feedstock Chemicals
Oxygenate
Feedstock Chemicals
Polymerization
Feedstock Chemicals
Polymerization
Feedstock Chemicals
Polymerization
Oil Products
Plastics
http://iqconsultingservices.com/images/plastics.jpg
http://www.incpen.org/pages/data//Plastics.gif
Oil Products Synthetics
http://www.spendingless101.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/clothes.jpg
Oil Products
Oil products are everywhere!
Alternatives?
http://fooddemocracy.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/go-organic-logojpg.jpg