PICASSO has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N° 687874.
www.picasso-project.eu ICT Policy, Research and Innovation for a Smart Society
Towards EU-US Collaboration on the Internet of Things (IoT) & Cyber-physical Systems (CPS)
Drivers, Needs, Barriers, and Opportunities
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Christian Sonntag Senior Scientist & Project Manager, TU Dortmund, Germany
Outline
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Cross-domain Drivers and Needs
Enabling Technologies
EU and US RDI Priorities for CPS and the IoT
Application Sectors
Technology Themes for EU-US Collaboration
Barriers
Collaboration Opportunities and Proposals
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Download the PICASSO Opportunity Report here:
http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/project-reports
PICASSO IoT/CPS Opportunity Report: Sources
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Strategic documents and roadmaps
PICASSO data collection and analysis efforts • In particular the report Analysis of Industrial Drivers
and Societal Needs - Towards New Avenues in EU-US ICT collaboration
• Based on interviews with > 100 experts
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Discussions within the Expert Group
1st Joint PICASSO Expert Group Meeting, May 2016, Washington D.C.
Funded IoT and CPS projects
• EU funding programmes FP7, H2020, EUREKA/ITEA, ECSEL, ARTEMIS
• 46 CPS projects
• 32 IoT projects
• US funding agencies NSF, NIST, DoE • 23 CPS projects
• 23 IoT projects
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
Feedback collection from leading experts • In-depth 30-minute personal interviews with
agencies and major IoT/CPS initiatives
• Interactive webinar on IoT/CPS
• Wide dissemination and public consultation
Cross-domain Drivers and Needs
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Vulnerability, trust, privacy, (cyber-)security, safety
• Seen as essential in the US and the EU
Advancing climate and environmental sciences for sustainability, and the provision of clean, efficient energy
• Major demand by customers and governments, companies see a large opportunity and are seeking to satisfy needs with both products and services
Globalization and urbanization
Increases in connectivity and autonomy in all domains
• The advent of smart and connected devices
Systems-of-systems integration applied in industrial environments - the Industrial Internet of Things
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Enabling Technologies
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Information technology and high-performance computing • Cloud computing, (mobile) edge and fog computing • Move toward distributed systems and more heterogeneity • Advances in data and signal processing
Communication and network technologies (e.g. broadband, 5G EG)
Advances in data analytics (Big Data EG), cognitive technologies, AI
Connecting and powering the “hyper-connected society”, e.g. • Ubiquitous connectivity schemes, M2M communication • Reliable electricity to power the billions of IoT devices, energy harvesting
The “Tactile Internet” (covered by 5G EG)
Pervasive sensing and sensor technologies
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
Comparison of EU and US RDI Priorities for CPS
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Significant overlap between the EU and the US
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Comparison of EU and US RDI Priorities for the IoT
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Significant overlap between the EU and the US
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
Application Sectors
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All analyzed sectors will profit from IoT/CPS advances and collaborations
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Technology Themes: Overview
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Promising technology
themes for EU-US collaboration
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
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Closing the Loop in IoT-enabled Cyber-physical Systems • System-wide, cloud-supported control via IoT-connected devices
• Data-based operation
• Control architectures for IoT-enabled CPS
• Performance and stability in the face of unpredictability (outages etc.)
Integration, Interoperability, Flexibility, and Reconfiguration • Semantic interoperability and semantic models
• Openness and open standards, harmonization of standards
• Automatic (re-)configuration and plug-and-play of IoT and CPS components
• Shared infrastructure access and large-scale pilots for CPS and IoT systems
• IoT and CPS architectures and cross-domain infrastructures
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Technology Themes (1) Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
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Model-based Systems Engineering • Integrated, virtual, full-life-cycle engineering & system-wide design
• High-confidence CPS, validation, verification, risk analysis and risk management
• Models of heterogeneous large-scale systems Stochastic models, open simulation/integration, model maintenance, grey-box models
Trust, (Cyber-)security, Robustness, Resilience, and Dependability • Exception handling, fault detection and mitigation
• Trustworthyness of technical systems
• Behavior-based methodologies to establish trust (intrusion detection and prevention, resilience to cyber attacks)
• New engineering perspectives for safety, security, resilience, reliability, privacy
• Secure real-time and mixed-criticality systems
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Technology Themes (2) Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
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Autonomy and Humans in the Loop • Autonomy in large-scale, complex, open systems that are not
domain/knowledge-“contained”
• Models of autonomous CPS systems and humans
• Humans in the loop and collaborative decision making
• Analysis of user behavior and detection of needs and anomalies
• Analysis, visualization, and decision support
Situational Awareness, Diagnostics, and Prognostics • Large-scale real-time data analytics and data management
• Machine learning, learning methodologies, adaptive behavior
• Predictive condition monitoring and maintenance
• Self-diagnosis tools
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Technology Themes (3) Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
Potential Barriers for EU-US Collaboration
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Structural differences in funding environments • Centralized EU funding vs. decentralized US funding, different spans of TRLs targeted, long
time between application and funding can be problematic for companies, implementation time differences between EU and US funding initiatives
Administrative overhead and legal barriers • Heavyweight mechanisms not promising, too much overhead and political resistance • Legal requirements (e.g. signing of CA, GA) problematic, lightweight MoA/contracts needed
(new Implementing Arrangement seen as positive)
Lack of clarity of the benefits of EU-US collaboration Restrictions due to Intellectual Property protection
• Collaboration difficult on topics of high near-term commercial importance
Lack of joint EU-US funding mechanisms and policies Export control and privacy restrictions Lack of awareness and knowledge
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Enhancing Collaboration
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Roadmapping and benefit assessment, e.g. via joint, thematic EU-US workshops to • Bring together a diverse group of experts from academia, industry, and government, foster
government-to-government discussions about collaboration opportunities • Identify and discuss specific R&I topics and concrete technology and application scenarios • Clarify benefits that justify the additional effort of collaboration actions
Facilitation of collaboration initiatives • Establishment of mechanisms/organizations that serve as central contact points,
coordinators, and facilitators for EU-US collaboration actions and that provide support to potential partners (e.g. universities, companies, industry associations)
Lightweight joint research and innovation • Joint calls, joint funding seen as infeasible, but coordinated calls / twinning promising → Set-up of a joint, targeted EU-US collaboration work programme, encouraging (lightweight) collaboration items (exchanges, knowledge transfer) • Use of fellowship and exchange funding programs • Launch of synchronized initiatives to support joint experimentation, new testbeds and
demonstrators, and industrial standardization activities Encourage contributions by companies, industry associations
All public PICASSO reports are available at: http://www.picasso-project.eu/outreach/
Christian Sonntag, TU Dortmund, Germany