Learning today……
Understanding Microwave link : applications, configuration, operating parameters, system calculations
Line of Sight requirements and Antenna Heights
Antenna Installation alignment and its parameters, safety and quality
MW Link Installations and commissioning : standard practices : NEC’s approach
Concluding : General site issues: questions & answers
1
excerpt from the
Scientific American
July 1892
In the specification to one of his recent patents,
Thomas A. Edison says:
“I have discovered that if sufficient elevation be obtained
to overcome the curvature of the earth’s surface
and to reduce to the minimum the earth’s absorption,
electric signaling between distant points
can be carried on by induction
without the use of wires.”
MICROWAVE PATH ENGINEERING – OVER 110 YEARS AGO!
• Operates on a “Line-of-sight" principle
• Use Two antennas aimed directly at one another
• Transmit Digitally modulated Microwave Frequencies through free space from one terminal to another
• Typically transmit simultaneously in both directions (Full Duplex)
Basic characteristics
4 0 0
1 0 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
0 . 5 4 . 54 . 03 . 53 . 02 . 52 . 01 . 51 . 0 5 . 0
T y p i c a l P a t h P r o f i l e
D i s t a n c e ( m i l e s )
Line of sight Point to Point MW link
FWS (Point-to-Point Transport) and FWA (BWA, Access) Hops
POP –
Point of Presence
PBX
CPECPE
Nodal (Hub) Site
155 Mbit/s Sonet/SDH FWS (Fixed Wireless System) Hop
CPE
ClearBurst MB Point-to-Multipoint FWA
(Fixed Wireless Access) Broadband
Links
CPE – Customer’s
Premises Equipment:
- Frame Relay
- Video
Conference
- Sonet/SDH (PTP)
- ATM Switch
- LAN/IP - Base Station - T1/E1
- POTS - Sonet/ SDH - ISDN
Deployment and applications
FWS and FWA (BWA) Radio Hops
Sonet/SDH NxOC-3 or NxSTM-1
Backbone FWS (Radio-Relay) Hop
OC-12 or STM-4
Fiber Ring
Long Distance 2xT1/E1 Unlicensed Hop
Short Distance 4xT1/E1 HopsAccess Hops
Short Distance SONET/SDH Hop
X
X
Transport HopNMS system
23 GHz (OC-3)
38 GHz (N x DS1)
18 GHz (N x DS1) 18 GHz (DS3)
BTS
BSC
MTSO
(MSC)BSC
(DS3 or OC-3NxOC-3 ) or 155 (Nx0C-3) Self-Healing Ring
BTSBTS
BTS
FWS Microwave Applications
PCS/Cellular Site Interconnection MTSO (MSC) - Switching Office
BTS - Base StationBSC - Base Station Controller
(North American Hierarchy)