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What is a Tree Diagram?
Tree Diagram is a technique for mapping outfull range of paths and tasks that need to bedone in order to achieve a primary goal andrelated sub goals. Such a diagram revealsin a simple way with clarity not only themagnitude of the problem but also helps toarrive at methods which are to be pursued
to achieve the results. In other words, itserves the purpose of developing theessential means to achieve an objective orgoal.
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Attendance award
Award for learning PST
Include in his personal file
Create conducive atmosphere
Ensure milestone charts are made for problem
Make facilitators attend S.C meeting in rotation
With co-ordinators
With QCs
With department
Give motivation
Make QCs to submit annual plan
Have training programmes
Letter to create trust
Learn the technique yourself
Be a member of QIT
Attend QC meetings
Develop
leader
Follow up
Assignment
Positiveaction
Innovation
Give time formovement
Create trust
in you
Create trust inplanningMake it
moresyste-matic
Corre-ctiveaction
EFFEC
TIVE
QC
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USES OF TREE DIAGRAM
Suppose we have been given a task, we will have a targetor goal to achieve.
Similarly if we are facing a problem or constraint, we have tofind out the causes to workout the remedy for overcoming theproblem.
In case of task we will be using the terminology goal andmeans and for problem the terminology constraint and
cause.
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Tree Diagram can be used to achieve certaintarget or goal and also to overcome certain
problem / constraint
Here it displays in a systematic manner each
level as means or causes, which in turnbecomes goal or constrain of next stage.
This helps to clarify the objective, whichmakes one to understand the magnitude ofthe issue and resources and methods needed
to achieve or manage them.
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Depending upon the complexity of the problemtertiary means may need certain quaternarymeans and so on.
GOAL
GOAL
GOAL
GOAL
GOAL
PRIMARY
MEAN
SECONDARYMEAN
TERTIARY
MEAN
QUATER-
NARY MEAN
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Here substitute the word goal with constrainand the word means with causes. This will
give the process for solving the problem.
CON-STRAINT
CON-
STRAINT
CON-
STRAINT
CON-
STRAINT
CON-
STRAINT
PRIMARY
CAUSE
SECONDARYCAUSE
TERTIARY
CAUSE
QUATER-
NARY CAUSE
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The uses are to find outa) In which order we should take up the key issues of
the problem to get full benefits?
b) What are the sub factors of the key issue?
c) Whether plan of actions is sequential.
d) How difficult the implementation process will be?
e) How many tasks and options will be the out come of
each key issues?
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Tree Diagrams can be developed in
two ways. One is called
Component Development Type Tree
Diagram
and the other is called
Means Development Type or
Means Deployment Type Diagram.
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1. Component Development Type Tree Diagram
Here the main subject is broken into basic element andthen relationship to the overall goal is shown. It also showsmeans for achieving that goal. In other words this typehelps to display the component elements in terms of theirpurposes and means.
GOAL MEANSApply for HDFC loan
Apply for office loan
Apply for PF loan
Put together all yoursavings
Borrow from friendsand relatives
To buy a house
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2. Plan Development Design Type orMeans Deployment Type Tree Diagram
Under this two broad clarificationcommonly
used Tree Diagrams are,a. Function Tree Diagram.
b. Quality Tree Diagram.
c. Means Deployment Tree Diagram.
d. Cause and Effect Tree Diagram.
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(OBJECTIVE)
BASIC
FUNCTION
(SUB-OBJECTIVE)
BASIC
FUNCTION
(SUB-
OBJECTIVE)
BASICFUNCTION
SECONDARY
FUNCTION
SECONDARY
FUNCTION
SECONDARY
FUNCTION
SECONDARY
FUNCTION
TERTIARY
FUNCTION
TERTIARY
FUNCTION
TERTIARY
FUNCTION
TERTIARY
FUNCTION
TERTIARY
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
PARTS
FUNCTION
AREA OF BASIC FUNCTIONAREA OF SECONDARY AND TERTIARY
FUNCTION
AREA OF PARTS
FUNCTION
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QUALITYPLANNING
BUILDING INTODESIGN PLANNEDQUALITY
FUNCTION ANDPRODUCTIONDESIGN
QUALITYDESIRED BY
USERS
PLANNEDQUALITY(SPECNS.)
DESIGNEDQUALITY
MEANS OF DESIGNINGPRODUCT IN PROCESS
OBJECTIVE PRIMARY GOAL(CREATING
CHARACTERISTICSDESIRED AS PER
PRIMARY ANDSECONDARY GOALS)
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Should start alwaysTake help of experts
Benchmark with well known
Prepare good demonstrate visuals
Find out the right person
Make catchy write up for CEOSSend details of regular programme
Give information about yourself
Publish useful articles regularly
Take the help of professionals
Make it attractiveSelect business papers
Get the right spot
Select right data
Conduct survey
Collect information from market
Use good brochures
Get appointment at right time
Make it appealing
Send it to right person
Make them feel important
Establish your
identity
Create an impact
Have a good anchor
Establish contact
through e-mail
Create a web site
Create good
advertisement
Selection of
media
Find out which
company has
conductive
atmosphere
Convince CEO
through talks
Send invitation for
participation
Get good faculty
members
Use of
TV
Use of
computer
Use of news
paper
Select right
industries
Conduct
seminars
Create
impact on
industries
Publicity
For effective
consultation
service
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B
C
D
A
a
b
1
2
3
c
d
4
5
e
6
7
f
8
9
g
h
i
10
11
12
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This is useful when ways and means ofsolving problems are to be mapped out.
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How to make Tree Diagram?
Step 1
If we are already given a task then we can proceed fromthere.
Step 2
Once the task is clear select a right team.
Tree diagram leads to an action plan. Hence teammembers should have intimate knowledge ofimplementation issues.
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Step 3Have a big board and reusable (3M) adhesive stickers. Nowdays we have big magnetic boards available. Write on the
board the task for everybody to see. The most difficult partof constructing a Tree Diagram is arriving at primary cause or
principal means.The best way is carry out a brainstorming and generating thepoints associated to that i.e., action plan.Step 4
After the points are generated you may make an AffinityDiagram or Relations Diagram. This depends upon the groupas well as task in question. If the Affinity Diagram is made,make the header card and discuss. They will invariablybecome the primary means.
In case Relations Diagram is made select the points wherein
arrows are emerging or converging. They will help to arriveat primary means or principle cause.
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Step 5Once the primary means or principle cause is arrived
at finding out the associated causes from the ideasgenerated is not a difficult task.
As we have already made an Affinity Diagram or
Relations Diagram identifying them is simple.They have to be organized as secondary,tertiary, quaternary etc.
At this stage further discussion by the group
will help to identify some causes which weremissed earlier. This way we can arrive at allthe causes and position them in the board.
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Step 6
Now review thecompleted diagramfor logical flow.Effectiveness of Treediagram dependsupon how the meansor causes in each
level can achieve thetasks of the nexthigher level.
This needs to beensured at this
stage. Have adiscussion puttingup the question
Whether theseactions will help toachieve the resultneeded or fulfil theobjective?
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TREE DIAGRAM Vs AFFINITY DIAGRAMAND RELATIONS DIAGRAM
Affinity Diagram and Relations Diagramhave no prescribed format but Tree
Diagram is made in an orderly structureand here things will look (crystal) clear toeveryone. As mentioned earlier, for TreeDiagram we can take up issues and breakthem to sub-levels, sub-sub levels andreaches to the lowest practical level ofaction.
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TREE DIAGRAM Vs AFFINITY DIAGRAM ANDRELATIONS DIAGRAM (Contd.)
Tree Diagram is helpful in many ways.
i) It gives clarity to the issue.
ii) In showing the sequence in which things flow andwhat type of an effect each action will have on the mainissue would be much clear.
Here we are also able to assess the total activityinvolved in fulfilling a task. This will also give us clarityon the magnitude of the task, the number of peopleneeded, money needed and also the total time it willtake.
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To sum up, Affinity Diagram uses gutlevel creativity and helps to have ameaningful picture when we face anunknown or very difficult problem.Interrelationship Digraph or Relations
Diagram helps to find out the causalrelation between the various factorsinvolved. Tree Diagram takes the key
issues of these processes and helpsto break them down into the lowestpractical level of details possible.
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Summary
There are a lot of similarities between tree
Diagram and Cause and Effect Diagrammade using dispersion method.
But they have their own individuality also.
Cause and Effect Diagrams are made tofind out the causes for the effect. In case ofTree Diagram it is used for more purposes.Tree Diagram helps to work out the
minutest details of a task undertaken. Herewe can map out the choices before us andplan our actions based on our capability..