Tuesday, A[pril 15Tuesday, A[pril 15thth Warm-up – page 178Warm-up – page 178
W-U: W-U: Explain how a hurricane Explain how a hurricane forms? Where do they forms? Where do they
form? Why do they form form? Why do they form there? there?
Please have out: - beginning of class suppliesPlease have out: - beginning of class supplies
Notes: Thunderstorms Notes: Thunderstorms pg 187pg 187ThunderstormThunderstorm: a disturbance in the atmosphere : a disturbance in the atmosphere
that involves that involves lightninglightning, , thunderthunder, and sometimes , and sometimes gusty surface gusty surface windswinds with heavy with heavy rainrain and and hailhail
CumulonimbusCumulonimbus: A very large : A very large thundercloudthundercloud capable of producing large amounts of rain and capable of producing large amounts of rain and lightninglightning
Downdraft:Downdraft: wind that blows straight wind that blows straight downdown in a in a storm. Can be caused by large amounts of rainstorm. Can be caused by large amounts of rain
Thunderstorms can form at a Thunderstorms can form at a cold front cold front when the when the cool dry air cool dry air from Canada meets from Canada meets warm moist air warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexicofrom the Gulf of Mexico
How are thunderstorms How are thunderstorms formed?formed?
Tornadoes: pg 189Tornadoes: pg 189Tornado:Tornado: A violent A violent windstormwindstorm that that spiralsspirals
around a rotating column of air (the around a rotating column of air (the vortexvortex) ) and moves in a narrow path over landand moves in a narrow path over land
Waterspout:Waterspout: A tornado that forms over A tornado that forms over water water
Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale):Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale): The The scale scientists use to measure the scale scientists use to measure the damagedamage caused by tornadoes (EF 0 causes the caused by tornadoes (EF 0 causes the leastleast damage, EF 5 causes the damage, EF 5 causes the mostmost damage) damage)
More tornadoes occur in the month of More tornadoes occur in the month of MayMay than any other monththan any other month
Most tornadoes occur in Most tornadoes occur in “Tornado Alley.”“Tornado Alley.”
Scale
Wind speedRelative frequenc
yPotential damage
mph km/h
EF0 105–137
___________________________________________________ Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or
siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
Confirmed tornadoes with no reported damage (i.e., those that remain in open fields) are always rated EF0.
EF1 138–178
__________________________________________________ Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly
damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken.
EF2 179–218
__________________________________________________ Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame
homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground.
EF3 219–266
_________________________________________________ Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe
damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance.
EF4 267–322
__________________________________________________ Well-constructed houses and whole frame houses completely
leveled; cars thrown and small missiles generated.
EF5 >322
__________________________________________________ Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away;
steel-reinforced concrete structures critically damaged; high-rise buildings have severe structural deformation.
65-85
86 -
110111 -
135
136 - 165
166 -
200
>200
53.5%
31.6%
10.7%
3.4%
0.7%
<0.1%
MINOR DAMAGE
MODERATE DAMAGE
CONSIDERABLE DAMAGE
SEVERE DAMAGE
EXTREME DAMAGE
MASSIVE DAMAGE
EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013
EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013
EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013
EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013
EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013
Hurricanes: pg 191Hurricanes: pg 191Hurricanes:Hurricanes: Massive Massive rotatingrotating storms that storms that
form when form when warm moist air warm moist air rises over rises over tropical tropical waterswaters. .
Eye:Eye: The The centercenter of the hurricane of of the hurricane of extreme extreme low air pressurelow air pressure
Typhoon:Typhoon: a hurricane that forms in the a hurricane that forms in the western western Pacific OceanPacific Ocean
Cyclone:Cyclone: a hurricane that forms in the a hurricane that forms in the Indian OceanIndian Ocean and off the coast of and off the coast of AustraliaAustralia
Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: The The scale scientists use to measure the scale scientists use to measure the damagedamage caused by hurricanes (category 1 causes caused by hurricanes (category 1 causes the the leastleast damage, category 5 causes the damage, category 5 causes the mostmost damage) damage)
Hurricanes cont.Hurricanes cont.
Hurricanes spin because the Earth Hurricanes spin because the Earth rotatesrotates
Hurricanes in the northern Hurricanes in the northern hemisphere always rotate hemisphere always rotate counter-counter-clockwiseclockwise
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean tend to move Ocean tend to move northwestnorthwest due due to to prevailing windsprevailing winds
Hurricane Sandy - 2012 Hurricane Sandy - 2012
• Hurricane SandyHurricane Sandy
Hurricane Sandy Storm Hurricane Sandy Storm SurgeSurge
Hurricane SandyHurricane Sandy
• Before and after picturesBefore and after pictures
Hurricane namesHurricane names• There are six lists of names in use for storms in
the Atlantic. These lists rotate, one each year; the list of this year's names will not be reused for six years.
• The names get recycled each time the list comes up, with one exception: storms so devastating that reusing the name is inappropriate. In this case, the name is taken off the list and another name is used to replace it; there will not be another Hurricane Andrew, because Andrew has been replace by Alex on the list.
2014 Hurricane 2014 Hurricane NamesNamesArthurBerthaCristobalDollyEdouardFayGonzaloHannaIsaiasJosephine
KyleLauraMarcoNanaOmarPauletteReneSallyTeddyVickyWilfred
Reading and NotesReading and Notes
1.1. Skim pages 20 – 24 in the green Skim pages 20 – 24 in the green catastrophic book. Add any additional catastrophic book. Add any additional information to your notes from the information to your notes from the readingreading
2.2. Process your 3 pages of notesProcess your 3 pages of notes3.3. Summarize EACH page of notes in 20 Summarize EACH page of notes in 20
words. words. 4.4. On page 186 – Create a 3 circle Venn On page 186 – Create a 3 circle Venn
Diagram. Compare and Contrast:Diagram. Compare and Contrast:– ThunderstormsThunderstorms– TornadoesTornadoes– HurricanesHurricanes
Fist to 5 closure – page 178Fist to 5 closure – page 178
• What level on the scale are you right now? What level on the scale are you right now? Explain why you chose that number. Explain why you chose that number.