BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Tunneling for Lake Taps
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Agenda
1. Basic Tunneling
– Soft Ground Tunneling
– Hard Rock Tunneling
– Machine Selection
2. Shafts
3. Lake Taps
– Dry Tap
– Wet Tap
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Soft Ground Tunneling
– Hand Mining
– Sequential Excavation Mining
– Shields
– Earth Pressure Balance
– Slurry
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Hard Rock Tunneling
– Tunnel Boring Machines
– Road Header
– Drill & Blast
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Initial Support
• Ribs & Boards
• Liner plates
• Rock Bolts & Mesh
• Shotcrete
• Jacked pipe
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Tunneling Machine Selection
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) Machine
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
EPB Machine
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Soft Ground Tunneling Slurry Shield with Drag Cutters
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Soft Ground Tunneling Slurry Circulation /
Separation Equipment System
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Soft Ground Tunneling
Slurry Separation Equipment
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Shaft Excavation
• Excavator
• Drill & Blast
• Blind Drills
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Shaft drilling
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Shaft Reamer
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Support
• Ribs & boards
• Liner plates
• Shotcrete, mesh & bolts
• Segments
• Other
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Lake Taps
• Dry Tap
• Wet Tap
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Dry Tap
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Excavation for work slab
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Concrete Slab Construction
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Ground Improvement
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Secant Pile Construction
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Drill shaft
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Set Steel Liner
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Grout Steel Liner
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Tunnel Arrival
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Connection to Tunnel
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Connection to Tunnel (cont.)
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Placing elbow in Tunnel
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Setting of Intake
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Setting of Intake (cont.)
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Wet Tap
• Norwegian Tap
• Microtunnel
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Norwegian Tap
•Tunnel to a rock plug
•Construct Rock trap
•Prepare tunnel for water
•Blast rock plug
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel Tap
• Microtunnel Operation - No shaft In Lake
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Typical Microtunnel Operation
• Remotely controlled
pipe jacking process
•Non-person entry
•Pressurized closed face
TBM (Slurry or EPB)
•Active direction control
•Auger vs. slurry spoil
transport
•Diameters: 1 to 10 ft
•Drive span: 30 to 200 m,
typical
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Slurry Separation
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel to 8 to10 ft. of Breakout
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel to slope edge
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Bulkhead in Rear of MTBM
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel Breakout
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel Head Removal Preparation
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Microtunnel Head Removal
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Final Positioning of Casing
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
Place Elbow & Trash Rack
BRIERLEY ASSOCIATES
“Creating Space
Underground”