A Seminar
on
ULTRASONIC MOTORSBy
Y.CHAKRI VENKATA DINESH(13HM1A0217)
Department of Electrical And Electronics EngineeringAnnamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences
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Contents Introduction
Drawbacks of Electro Magnetic Motors
Principle of operation
Construction
Working
Characteristic features
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
Conclusion
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Introduction A motor is a machine which converts
electrical energy into mechanical energy.
UltraSonic Motors (USMs) are next generation motors.
The first USM was developed by Russian scientist in 1965
USMs are characterized by the absence of noise during operation , high accurate speed and position control etc.,
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Drawbacks of Electro Magnetic Motors Noisy operation
Less efficiency
High motor temperatures
High cost
Increased size with increase in rating of motor
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Principle of operationUSM works on the principle of Converse
Piezoelectric Effect.
(a)When applied DC voltage has same polarity(b) When applied DC voltage has opposite polarity(c) When AC voltage is applied
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Construction
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Piezoelectric Ceramics
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WorkingWhen high frequency voltage (>20KHz) is
applied piezoelectric material vibrates.There are two power transformations involved in
running of USM.(a)Conversion of Electrical energy into mechanical vibrational energy by Inverse Piezoelectric Effect.(b)Vibrational energy of stator is transformed into continuous moving energy of rotor due to frictional interactionbetween stator and rotor.
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Characteristics of USMSimple constructionAbsence of magnetic actionLow SpeedHigh TorqueQuick responseNoiselessCompactLightweight
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Advantages of USMLow AC voltage excitationHigh torque at low speedsShort time responseUltra small size can be easily miniaturizedDust freeNoiseless operationHigh efficiencyHigh torque/weight ratioNo magnetic interference
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Disadvantages of USMPiezoelectric materials are expensive
Requires high frequency power supply (>20 KHz)
Ultrasonic noise occurs
Due to friction life of motor reduces
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ApplicationsAuto focusing & optical zooming in digital
camerasAutomatic wrist watchesPower windowsRoll screen motor for automatic open & close
actionsActuators for VCRs & CD players RoboticsWall clocksUltrasonic welding
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Conclusion
The above mentioned advantages and applications concludes scope of USMs in day - to -day life.
However disadvantages brings up need for further researches in fields.
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