Unit 3: The Muscular SystemLab 2: Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton
Jessica Radke-Snead, RD, MSBio 241 Anatomy and Physiology
Making Sense of the Muscles
• Description Location Function– Use muscle origins and insertions to describe where
the muscle is located AND what it does• Origin: attachment of a muscle tendon to the
stationary bone • Insertion: attachment of the other muscle
tendon to the moving bone• Action: the movement that occurs at the joint
due to the muscle contraction
Practice
Muscle: Pectoralis MajorOrigin: Clavicle, sternum and ribsInsertion: Greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus/groove of humerusFunction: 1. Adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder
joint (try this yourself!)2. Clavicular head flexes arm3. Sternocostal head extends arm
Muscles: Upper Extremity• Movement of
– Shoulder and arm– Forearm and hand
• Origin/insertion requirement– Shoulder and arm: ALL– Forearm and hand: All BUT flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi
radialis longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi ulnaris• Cadaver
– Shoulder and arm: All BUT levator scapulae, subscapularis and subclavius
– Forearm and hand: ALL
Muscles: Upper Extremity
Muscles: Upper Extremity
Muscles: Upper Extremity
Muscles: Upper Extremity
Practice
Muscle: Rectus femorisOrigin: Iliac spineInsertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity
Function: 1. Extension at knee2. Flexion at hip
Muscles: Lower Extremity• Movement of
– Femur– Leg and thigh– Leg and foot
• Origin/insertion requirement– Femur: All BUT gluteus minimus, piriformis and illiopsoas– Leg and thigh: ALL– Leg and foot: ALL
• Cadaver requirement– Femur: All BUT illiopsoas– Leg and thigh: All BUT sartorius– Leg and foot: All BUT tibialis posterior
Muscles: Lower Extremity
Muscles: Lower Extremity
Lab Objectives
• Return exam 2—review your exam and the keys– Please see me if you need assistance with course material
• Today: Ensure that you are able to identify each muscle defined in your lab guide, including indicated origins and insertions, on all lab models/diagrams
• Break into 3-4 Cadaver Groups– BEFORE: Review the Lab 2 muscles designated with a (C) – DURING: Please wear a provided lab coat and work
efficiently so as to respect all student’s time spent with the cadavers