URBAN DESIGN POLITICS
AND
POLITICS OF PUBLIC REALM
QUESTIONS – PUBLIC REALM
Does the physical public realm simply consist of all the open spaces outside the private domain of building interiors, secluded courtyards and gardens ?
Is it everything that can be perceived by senses from places to which everybody has right of access ?
Do public has FREEDOM of ACCESS ?
URBAN DESIGNIN
AUTOCRATIC & DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES
Autocratic SocietyCentralized Planning
Based Government / Leader Opinions
Not Subject to any Control from Citizens
Large Scale
Ruthless
Example:Haussmanisation of Paris
Redevlopment of Bucharest under CeausescuBerlin Olympic under Hitler
Via della Conciliazione under Mussolini
Democratic SocietyLegislated Planning
Based on mutual decisions
Subject to any Control from Citizens
Urban Renewal to Large Scale
Example:Postdamer Platz – Renzo Piano
Guggenheim Bilbao – Frank Gehry
Via della Conciliazione BEFORE
Via della Conciliazione AFTER
HOW ABOUT AUTOCRATIC Developments in Democratic Societies ?
Large QuantityHousing Estates
Example:Lippo Karawaci
Bumi Serpong DamaiSummarecon Serpong
Alam Sutera…………
FOUR GENERIC TYPES OFURBAN DESIGN WORK
TOTAL URBAN DESIGNUrban designer is part of the development team that carries a scheme through from
inception to completion
ALL-OF-A-PIECE URBAN DESIGNUrban design team devises a master plan and sets the parameter within which a number of
the developers work on components of the overall project
PIECE BY PIECE URBAN DESIGNGeneral policies and procedures are applied to a precinct of a city in order to steer
development in specific directions
PLUG IN URBAN DESIGNThe design goal is create the infrastructure so that subsequent developments can ‘plug in’ to it or, alternatively, a new elements of infrastructure is plugged into the existing urban fabric
TOTAL URBAN DESIGN
LARGE SCALE DEVELOPMENT
DESIGN FOR PUBLIC REALM AND BUILDINGS
Design/Planning holds total development and design control
Infrastructure and buildings designed as a unit
POWER IN FINANCIAL AND POLICY
Boulevardul Victori Socialismului (Avenue of the Victory of Socialism)NOWUnirii Boulevard
3.5KM in length92 metres in width
ALL OF A PIECE URBAN DESIGN
Developed by different urban designer/firm
Built accordance to UDGL (Urban Design GuideLines)
PIECE BY PIECE URBAN DESIGN
Improving the Quality of Precincts of existing cities
Begins with generalized mental image of how an area should perform
What it should to get that performance ?
District Design / Specific Building Types and/or other facilities within a particular percinct
NEW YORK DISTRICTS – theater district
1 Astor Place – Gwathmey Siegel & Assoc.
PLUG IN URBAN DESIGN
Background: Destruction effect of FALSE infrastructure project (such as inner city highway)
Implementation of an infrastructure project
Singapore MRT System