Urbanization
Definition
3
1
2
Urbanization in Germany
Urbanization worldwide
4
2
Conclusion
Agenda
Definition Urbanization is
,,the process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in
cities.”
(Cambridge Dictionary)
Definition Mega City City with minimum 5m inhabitants [Istanbul, London, Moscow, St.Petersburg]
Mega Region City plus suburbs with minimum 10m inhabitants
Meta City City with more than 20m inhabitants
Global City finacial and economic country‘s
centre, not related to population [Frankfurt, London, Paris, Zurich]
Definition
3
1
5
Urbanization in Germany
Urbanization worldwide
4
2
Conclusion
Development
Growth in world population 1950 2,5 bn 2015 7,2 bn 2050 9,3 bn Growth of people living in urban areas 1950 30% 2015 50% 2050 70%
Mega City
World‘s fastest growing city
Nigeria’s capital had around 2 million inhabitants in the 1970’s, but today it boasts 16 million people with a growth rate of 85 new Lagosians per hour. 2030 expected population = 24,24m
Lagos
Meta City
Jing-Jin-Ji World‘s future biggest city with 130 Million inhabitants
Reasons for the construction Improving air quality, reducing time for commuting, decreasing prosperity difference between rural and urban area
Reasons for Urbanization
• Growth of Population
• Economic Development
Push-Factors
• Poverty
• Loss of workplaces in the agricultural sector
• Lack of educational institutions
Pull-Factors
• Access to food,water and medical treatment
• Better infastructure
• Networks in urban areas
Solution Approaches
Reducing the population growth Birth Control 75m annualy pregnancies due to the lack of contraception Higher taxes from the 2nd child on/ reduction of child benefits
Investing in rural areas Tax incentives to increase attractiveness for companies
Fighting corruption As a prerequisite to receive financial support from other countries
Definition
3
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Urbanization in Germany
Urbanization worldwide
4
2
Conclusion
Reasons for Urbanization
Raising Student‘s Quote 2000 33,3% 2015 55,5% Shutting down of companies/subsidiaries Opel (Bochum), Praktiker (Kirkel), Karstadt (Essen), Auguste Victoria (Marl), Nokia (Bochum), CocaCola (Landshut) Mass Migration 2015 1,1mio 2016 0,7 mio
Development of Population 2012-2030
Germany‘s biggest cities 2015 2030 +
Berlin 3,52 3,90 10,8%
Munich 1,45 1,54 6,2%
Cologne 1,03 1,11 7,8%
Frankfurt 0,73 0,81 11,0%
Impacts • Increasing Traffic in city centres
• Rising costs for housing
e.g. Munich 2005-2015: raise of rent: 50%
• Raise of unemployment rate
• Poverty
• Increasing criminality
• Social unrest
Solution Approaches
6,4 m2 = 100 Euro
Solution Approaches
Smart Home City
Establishment of a new town that accomodates refugees
Definition
3
1
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Urbanization in Germany
Urbanization worldwide
4
2
Conclusion
Conclusion
• Urbanization is strongly connected to the growth of population!
• Urbanization is a worldwide challenge!
• Governments must develop concepts to avoid overpopulation in the cities and underpopulation in the rural areas!
• Governments must create incentives for companies to build up subsidiaries in rural areas!
Thank you very much for your
attention!
Sources Desjardins, Jeff (2015): Mapped: The world’s fastest growing cities in: http://www.visualcapitalist.com/mapped-the-worlds-fastest-growing-cities/ (as of 12.03.2017) Financial Times (2010): From megacities to metacities in: https://www.ft.com/content/e388a076-38d6-11df-9998-00144feabdc0 (as of 16.03.2017) McKinsey (2016): Creating a ‘smart city’ from the ground up in India in: http://www.mckinsey.com/industries/capital-projects-and-infrastructure/our-insights/creating-a-smart-city-from-the-ground-up-in-india (as of 16.03.2017) N.N. (2013): What is urbanization? in: http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-urbanization.php (as of 12.03.2017)
Sources Spiegel (2015): China plant 130 Millionen Megacity in: http://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/peking-soll-zentrum-von-130-millionen-stadt-jing-jin-ji-werden-a-1044834.html (as of 17.03.2017) Tagesspiegel (2016): Berliner Architekt baut 100-Euro-Behausungen in: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/wohnraum-in-berlin-berliner-architekt-baut-100-euro-behausungen/14978988.html (as of 11.03.2017) Tagesspiegel (2015): Der Run auf die Metropolen in: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/bevoelkerungsentwicklung-der-run-auf-die-metropolen/12186496.html (as of 26.02.2017) Welt (2015): Willkommen in Neu-Aleppo, der Stadt für Flüchtlinge in: https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article147740932/Willkommen-in-Neu-Aleppo-der-Stadt-fuer-Fluechtlinge.html (as of 17.03.2017)