U.S. Chamber of CommerceEmerging Technologies Committee Meeting
Air Pollution Control
William H. SunFuel Tech, Inc.
Batavia, IL
Washington, D.C.
October, 11, 2007
Technology Company
Innovative Approaches to Enable Clean Efficient Energy
Air Pollution Reduction
Slag and Corrosion Reduction
Advanced Engineering
NASDAQ: FTEKNASDAQ: FTEK
Fuel Tech’s Global Activities
Office Locations: Batavia, IL; Stamford, CT; Milan, Italy; Beijing, China
Countries where Fuel Tech does business: USA, Belgium, Canada, China, Columbia, Czech Republic,Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Germany, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico,South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, United Kingdom, Venezuela
Fuel Tech Business Segments
Specialty chemical business: FUEL CHEM® technologymarkets fuel treatment chemicals and processes that reduce slagformation, corrosion and opacity problems in boilers, furnaces andincinerators. Improves boiler operating efficiency, increased boileroutput.
APC business: NOxOUT® SNCR, Cascade - pollution controltechnologies to reduced NOx. Ultra process – safe urea toammonia conversion process for SCR.
APC Technologies:
NOx Reduction:SNCR = Selective Non-Catalytic ReductionCASCADE = SNCR + one layer of catalyst
ULTRA – safe urea to ammonia conversion process
Fuel Tech Technologies - Typical Power Plant
SO3, SO2, Hg, CO2???
Fuel Chem Technologies:
TIFI – Targeted In-furnace Injection of specialtychemicals for slagging, corrosion, opacitycontrol
DecompositionChamber
Furnace Before TIFI Treatment
Slag clinker that fell to the bottom of the boiler
Furnace After TIFI Treatment
With FUEL CHEM: 12 hours of off-line cleaningWithout FUEL CHEM: 6 days of off-line cleaning (i.e., explosive deslagging)
Initial Chemical Feed7/1/2004 9:30 a.m. 7/1/2004 5:30 p.m. 7/2/2004 9:30 a.m.
Upper Furnace Slag Removal
Heavy Blue Plume from Sulfuric Acid(H2SO4) Mist
Opacity Excursions
Acid Fallout
Air Preheater Fouled
SCR – SO3 “Blue Plume”
Nearly Invisible
Opacity Reduced
Clean Air Preheater
Efficiency Improved
Successful TIFI Application on PRB Coal-Fired Utility Boiler
Western Farmers Electrical Cooperative: HugoStation Unit (475 MW Wall-Fired Boiler)
Cleaning time reduced by 10+ days per year 20MW Recovery (Daily Average) Measured NOx Reduction Improvement in Overall Operating Efficiency Successful Burn of Higher Sodium, Lower-Grade Coals
FUEL CHEM Benefits
Slag Problem Reduction Eliminate outages and derates due to slag (5%
typical) Shorten planned outages (10+ days/yr.)
Efficiency Improvement (typically ~ 1-3%) Lower Fuel Costs/KWH Lower CO2 emissions/KWH Lower Emissions Overall/KWH
NOx Emission Reduction (5-10% if no SCR) SO3 Emission Reduction Enhance Mercury Reduction with Activated
Carbon Injection Maintenance Cost Reduction Accident ReductionTypical Annual ROI = 7:1
APC Technologies:
NOx Reduction:SNCR = Selective Non-Catalytic ReductionCASCADE = SNCR + one layer of catalyst
ULTRA – safe urea to ammonia conversion process
Fuel Tech Technologies - Typical Power Plant
SO3, SO2, Hg, CO2???
Fuel Chem Technologies:
TIFI – Targeted In-furnace Injection of specialtychemicals for slagging, corrosion, opacitycontrol
DecompositionChamber
APC - NOx Reduction Technologies
If the utility does not need an SCR:
NOxOUT® SNCR ($5-20/KW) –25-40% Reduction
NOxOUT SNCR/RRI ($7-22/KW) –35-55% Reduction
NOxOUT CASCADE® ($30-60/KW) –65-80% Reduction
If the utility chooses an SCR ($250+/KWCapital Costs) – 85-90% Reduction
NOxOUT ULTRA® ($2-3 mil) –Safety & Environmental Benefits
Over 450 Installations Worldwide
APC Technologies:
NOx Reduction:SNCR = Selective Non-Catalytic ReductionCASCADE = SNCR + one layer of catalyst
ULTRA – safe urea to ammonia conversion process
Fuel Tech Technologies - Typical Power Plant
SO3, SO2, Hg, CO2???
Fuel Chem Technologies:
TIFI – Targeted In-furnace Injection of specialtychemicals for slagging, corrosion, opacitycontrol
DecompositionChamber
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling
FUEL TECHTechnology for a renewed environment TM
TM
Urea
NH3 + HNCO
NH3 + OH NH2 + H2O
NH2 + CO HNCO + H
N2 + H2O NH2 + NO
HNCO + OH NCO + H2O
NCO + NO N2 + CO2
N2
NOxOUT Chemical Kinetics Model Models detailed chemical
reaction between urea andNOx
30 species and 90 reactions
Predicts NOx reduction andNH3 slip
Zone 1 InjectionZone 1 InjectionLow to Mid LoadLow to Mid Load
APC Technologies:
NOx Reduction:SNCR = Selective Non-Catalytic ReductionCASCADE = SNCR + one layer of catalyst
ULTRA – safe urea to ammonia conversion process
Fuel Tech Technologies - Typical Power Plant
SO3, SO2, Hg, CO2???
Fuel Chem Technologies:
TIFI – Targeted In-furnace Injection of specialtychemicals for slagging, corrosion, opacitycontrol
DecompositionChamber
Bailly Unit 8
360 MW Coal Fired Boiler
1250 lb/hr NH3 Demand
Ultra Heating Options:
Solar Power
Biodiesel, ethanol, etc.
Flue gas
Preheated combustion air
APC Technologies:
NOx Reduction:SNCR = Selective Non-Catalytic ReductionCASCADE = SNCR + one layer of catalyst
ULTRA – safe urea to ammonia conversion process
Fuel Tech Technologies - Typical Power Plant
SO3, SO2, Hg, CO2???
Fuel Chem Technologies:
TIFI – Targeted In-furnace Injection of specialtychemicals for slagging, corrosion, opacitycontrol
DecompositionChamber
Thank you!!!
300 TPD MSW,France
40 lb/hr NH3Demand
Bailly 7 175 MW Coal Fired Boiler
720 lb/hr NH3 Demand
Fuel Tech Advantages
Cost-Effective Patented Technologies
APC (Capital Projects) NOxOUT® Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) NOxOUT CASCADE®
NOxOUT ULTRA®
FUEL CHEM TIFI Targeted In-Furnace Injection Targeted Duct Injection (TDI) Targeted Corrosion Inhibition (TCI) Annuity Revenue Stream
High Performance Team 20% of Employees Hold Advanced Degrees Experienced Leadership Team
Market Acceptance/Momentum
Strong Balance Sheet
Huge Untapped Global Market Opportunity
SIP= State Implementation PlanCAIR= Clean Air Interstate Rule
Current & Future Air Regulatory DriversAir Regulation Expansion
Key International Markets (cont.)
China (APC & FUEL CHEM)
350,000 MWs Fossil
225,000 MWs New Coal by 2010
Major smog problem - Olympics
2 major contracts representing 6 units
India (APC & FUEL CHEM)
67,000 MWs of Coal (Sub-Lignite)
Major slag/smog problems
6,000 MWs of new coal by 2012
Initial meetings
Key International Markets (cont.)
India (FUEL CHEM & APC)
67,000 MWs of Coal (Sub-Lignite) Major slag/smog problems, but CO2 is immediate concern
6,000 MWs of new coal by 2012
Initial meetings held
Europe (APC & FUEL CHEM)
Electric Utilities
Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators
Cement kilns
Projects on over 100 units
Mexico (FUEL CHEM)
17,000 MWs of heavy fuel oil owned by the Mexican national utility, CFE
Opacity (SO3) Issues; Slag Formation
First Commercial Order on 3 units now in operation
Fuel Tech Advantages Cost-Effective Patented Technologies
NOx Reduction Technologies NOxOUT® Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) NOxOUT® SNCR/Rich Reagent Injection (RRI) NOxOUT CASCADE®
NOx Reduction at All Load Ranges NOxOUT ULTRA®
Safe Ammonia Supply for SCR
FUEL CHEM TIFI™ Targeted In-Furnace Injection™
Dramatic Reduction of Slag Related Issues Accidents More Use of Higher Slagging Coals Outages/Derates Clinker Grinder Maintenance
Dramatic Reduction of SO3 Problems Eliminates Blue Plume Reduces Air-Heater Fouling/Corrosion
Improves Efficiency Reduced Fuel Use & Emissions
High Performance Team 20% of Employees Hold Advanced Degrees Experienced Leadership Team
Strong Balance Sheet
We Stand Behind Our Work
DomesticCoal Used to generate greater than 50% of electricity
Powder River Basin (PRB) PRB comprises greater than 40% of the coal burned
PRB coal is typically higher in slag-forming constituents, e.g. sodium
PRB coal is currently significantly less expensive than higher-polluting and higher-BTU Eastern coals on an equalized basis
In excess of 400 US utility units burning Western coal
Illinois Basin Coal
High BTU; lower transportation costs
High sulfur with slag forming constituents e.g. iron
SO2 abatement installations (scrubbers) allow utilities to burn this coal
Other
Oil, Municipal Solid Waste, Pulp and Paper
Global High slag coal (e.g. India) High slag oil (e.g. Mexico)
FUEL CHEM Market Dynamics & Economics
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