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Vijeo Citect Upgrade
Study Guide
Version 7.30
ii Version 7.30 May 2013
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Vijeo Citect Upgrade Study Guide
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May 2013 Edition for v7.30
Manual Release 1
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 iii
Contents
CHAPTER 1: V7.30 UPGRADE EXAM TOPICS OVERVIEW ..................................... 1-1
Upgrading ...................................................................................................................... 1-2 Equipment and Scheduling ............................................................................................ 1-6 Tab_Style_Include ......................................................................................................... 1-7 On-line Changes ............................................................................................................ 1-8 Graphics Enhancements ............................................................................................... 1-11
SQL Interface ............................................................................................................... 1-13 System Security ........................................................................................................... 1-14
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-1
Chapter 1: v7.30 Upgrade Exam Topics Overview
Vijeo Citect has undergone many changes between v6.10 and v7.30. Vijeo
Citect 7.30 includes new features and developments that may impact the
functionality of projects created using earlier releases. The CCSE Examination
System requires all CCSEs to keep up to date with the changes in Vijeo Citect.
This Chapter Covers These Topics:
Upgrading 1-2
Equipment and Scheduling 1-6
Tab_Style_Include 1-7
Online Changes 1-8
Graphics Enhancements 1-11
SQL Interface 1-13
System Security 1-14
Introduction
1-2 Version 7.30 May 2013
Upgrading
The computer equipment may need to be upgraded to run v7.30, as the
minimum hardware requirements have changed:
Description Minimum Specification
Processor Speed 2 GHz
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
2 GB if running as a SCADA client
or 4 GB if running as a server
Available Disk Space 160 GB
Graphics Adapter (see
note below)
1024 x 768 pixel resolution, with 64MB of VRAM
Description Recommended Specification or Higher
Processor Speed 3.2 GHz, or if server 3.2 GHz quad-core
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
4 GB if running as a SCADA client
or 8 GB if running as a server
Available Disk Space 250 GB
Graphics Adapter (see
note below)
1024 x 768 pixel resolution, with 128MB of VRAM
Due to limitations in the Computer Setup Editor, Project Editor and several
input forms in Vijeo Citect it is a requirement that screen resolution be set at
1024 by 768 pixels or higher.
Hardware
Requirements
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-3
Upgrading (cont.)
Vijeo Citect Component Minimum System Software
All core components Operating System
Windows 7 with Service Pack 1 (32 bit and 64 bit) or Windows
Server 2008 R2 with Service Pack 1 (32 bit or 64 bit)
or
Windows XP Professional with Service Pack 3 (32 bit and 64 bit)
or
Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition with Service Pack 2 (32 bit
and 64 bit)
or
Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition with Service Pack 2 (32 bit
and 64 bit)
or
Windows Vista® with Service Pack 2 (32 bit and 64 bit)
And
Microsoft® .NET Framework 4.0 (installed with Vijeo Citect if not
already installed).
Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 (x64) is required by Schneider
Electric License Manager if using 64 bit Windows XP or 64 bit
Windows Server 2003.
Internet Explorer® Version 6.0 or greater.
A Local Area Network (LAN) if you intend to have multiple clients
access a remote server.
If running under virtualization with VMWare®, the minimum system
requirement is VMWorkstation 6.03 and later.
Vijeo Citect WebServer As for Vijeo Citect Server, with the addition of:
A New Technology File System (NTFS)
A LAN running TCP/IP and Microsoft Internet Information
Services (IIS)
Project DBF Add-in for
Excel
As for All Core Components, and Microsoft Excel 2007 or 2010
Note:
The target drive for the Web Server software must use an NTFS file system,
otherwise the required Windows security settings will not be available (that is,
the Folder Properties dialog will not have a Security tab). If the computer is
currently using a FAT/FAT32 system, ensure that the drive is converted to
NTFS before installing the Web Server software.
Software
Requirements
1-4 Version 7.30 May 2013
Upgrading (cont.)
Alarm Devices are used to access the current property of a tag (for instance
whether it is in High-High state). The Publish-Subscribe model for tag data
exchange makes Alarm Devices redundant, instead the Alarm Server can be
configured to publish this data.
The new clustered structure of Vijeo Citect precludes the use of Memory I/O
Devices. All tags links to such devices will be replaced with local variables.
Previous versions of Vijeo Citect supported network redundancy via NetBIOS.
Since NetBIOS is no longer used, users are able to specify multiple IP addresses
for each server, permitting native support for network redundancy.
Many parameters (such as server names and locations) that used to be
configured in the Citect.ini file are now accessed via a new Server menu in the
Project Editor.
Removal of
Alarm Devices
Removal of
Memory I/O
Devices
Dual Network
Support
Project-based
Network
Configuration
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-5
Upgrading (cont.)
A number of Cicode functions have undergone revision. Notably the ReRead()
function is no longer required to maintain currency of data under the Publish-
Subscribe data model. A full list of additions, deletions and modifications is
available in the “What’s New in Vijeo Citect V7.30” section of the on-line help.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Take a variety of projects from earlier versions (particularly v6.x) of
Vijeo Citect and upgrade them to V7.30
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Upgrading to Vijeo Citect Version 7.30.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - What's New in Vijeo Citect v7.03
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Migration Tool
Citect Knowledge Base Article Q3993: Upgrade Path to V6.10
Cicode Functions
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
1-6 Version 7.30 May 2013
Equipment and Scheduling
Equipment can be defined in SCADA to represent the layout of a production
process. Each piece of equipment can be placed in a hierarchy enabling a
parent/child relationship between pieces of equipment.
Equipment is now the focus of early project design. The project design flows
logically from the layout of physical equipment or plant in your system. By
defining equipment first, you can create a hierarchy of tags for each plant line or
process, making it easier to monitor each production process and group tags in a
way that better represent configuration of the plant.
The textual representation of a hierarchy is achieved by the use of a dot, or
period (".") to separate the items and their level in the hierarchy. For example if
you were to create a structure of a production line in a factory called 'Factory1"
which has 3 production lines each identified as Line1, Line2, Line3. Each
production line has 2 Assembly stations identified as Assy1 and Assy2. Each
assembly station has 2 conveyer belts identified as Convey1 and Convey2.
Convey2 could then be uniquely identified in the system as:
Factory1.Line1.Assy2.Convey2
The Scheduler is a component of the report server featuring an ActiveX control
that links your SCADA system to a calendar. Using the control you can
schedule equipment operations around peak and non-peak work hours within a
business. You can create recurring schedules, and configure and view schedule
entries on a daily, weekly and monthly basis.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Create an equipment hierarchy in your project.
Create Schedules for Equipment
Override Schedules
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Using Equipment
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Defining an Equipment Hierarchy
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Equipment XML Template
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Adding a New Schedule Entry
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Daylight Saving
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Special Days
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – Scheduler Inheritance
Equipment
Scheduler
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-7
Tab_Style_Include
With the release of Vijeo Citect v7.30, a new set of standard templates were
provided to replace those derived from CSV_Include.
These templates are more flexible to use and offer a 'cleaner' view.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Create pages based on the Tab_Style_Include templates, including
standard pages, Alarm pages and Trend pages.
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Tab Menu Templates.
New System-
supplied
Templates
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
1-8 Version 7.30 May 2013
Online Changes
Vijeo Citect Clients from Version 7.0 onwards don't require configuration
updates or restarts when changes are made on the Server. When any Alarm,
Trend or Variable Tag is added, removed or updated on the Server side, Clients
will not require updates or restarts for them to adjust to the new configuration.
Only the Server needs to be restarted or (effective from V7.30) reloaded.
When a Trend, Alarm or I/O Server is restarted with an updated
configuration, Clients currently running will adjust automatically to the
changes without requiring restart.
Rather than browsing the local trend database to provide a list of trends,
a Trend Client will now ask the Trend Server for a list of trends.
The Alarm Client has been changed to recognise when the Server
connection has been changed or restored, check whether the alarm
configuration is still the same, and flush its local cache if needed to
ensure any data is correct.
Reloading a Server will not interrupt the execution of the Clients; they
will continue processing the existing Alarms or Trends until the reload
is completed, when the new items will become available.
When a system has been configured so that Clients are able to be updated
Online all changes take place on the Server. The Clients are able to update their
information because they are linked to a central project or the COPY parameter
has been used and the local project will update when changes are detected.
Clients Update
without being
Reinitialised
How Online
Changes Work
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-9
Online Changes (cont.)
When a change to the project is made on the Server, the Server must be
reloaded. If the Server is providing more than one type of Server functionality,
Multi-Process mode allows the user to reload that process only with the
Runtime Manager.
Once the Server is reloaded, the changes are transferred to the Clients and are
available online. During the reload operation, the existing compliment of
Alarms, Trends etc will continue to be available to Clients; once the reload is
complete, the new items will automatically become available.
All Servers can be Reloaded from the Runtime Manager, located in the System
Tray, except for the I/O Server which has only a Restart Option.
Note:
There are a number of limits on exactly what will change without a reload based
on the wider impact of the change. These limits are detailed in the Vijeo Citect
Help - Effects of Server Reload on Servers.
How Online
Changes Work
(cont.)
1-10 Version 7.30 May 2013
Online Changes (cont.)
The startup of any server may be divided into two discrete stages. Firstly it
must identify how it is to be configured and secondly, it must determine what it
has to do. For an Alarm Server the first stage would include log file locations
and other such information while the second stage would be to create the list of
actual alarms with which it has to operate.
A Server Restart reinitialises both stages while a Reload only attends to the list
of things it must do. As an analogy, consider a band on stage. It could be
assumed that getting the instruments ready on the stage and all the sound
equipment performing properly would be the first stage described above, while
the handwritten list of songs taped to the keyboard player's instrument is the
second.
With that in mind, it is obvious that reinitialising the equipment is a very
difficult task, while changing the list of songs is trivial to achieve mid-
performance.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Enable the COPY parameter on client computers and make changes at
the primary computer to determine how and when changes are
propagated.
Work with Server Reload and Restart to determine the differences and
when each is required.
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Server Side Online Changes.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Client Side Online Changes.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - ServerReload.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Running the System.
Restart vs.
Reload
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-11
Graphics Enhancements
With a numbered association, number is the position of the tag name in the list
provided in the function that was called to open the Popup page. It is not
strictly necessary to use type in the substitution syntax. However, if the type is
used for further clarity it is the data type in the variable tag ( eg. string, int, real
or digital ).
Example –
In the example of the function AssPopUp(),
AssPopUp(“popPage”,”Tag1”,”Tag2”,”Tag3”)
if the tags are a string, integer and digital respectively, then they could be
referenced anywhere in the popup page as:
?string 1? Strings must have the type defined
?int 2? or ?2?
?digital 3? or ?3?
In a named association instance, a separate function must be used to link a
variable tag (or other data source, such as a constant or local variable) to a local
name defined within the popup window.
As is true for numbered associations, the datatype is optional for numeric
variables and mandatory for strings.
Example –
Firstly, a connection must be made between the data source and the popup's
internal variable. In this instance, the popup contains the variable ?Valve? and it
will be linked to the variable tag "Valve_tag."
Ass(-2, "Valve", "Valve_tag",0)
The next step is to launch the popup window. All pending tag associations will
be drawn into the popup as it is launched.
WinNewAt("popPage", 250, 250, 1+8+512)
Numbered
Associations
Named
Associations
1-12 Version 7.30 May 2013
Graphics Enhancements (cont.)
The functionality of these pages may be extended in the same way as genies by
Function using Smart Pages. A popup page may be used with other objects but
sometimes there may be a tag association that is not used. If this happens the
#ASS (association) error is displayed on the page.
The TagGetProperty() function will enable the popup pages to ignore assignment
errors and increase the usability of the popup pages.
Metadata, as an attribute of any object on a graphics page, may be used as a
source of substitution information for named associations on a popup page.
There are a variety of Cicode functions available to manage the use of
Metadata.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Create a button with metadata and use that data to populate a popup
page's substitutions.
Use the AssGetProperty and TagGetProperty functions to manage the
presence or absence of tags linked to popup pages.
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic -Using structured tag names.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic -Using structured tag names with Genies and
Super Genies.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic -Using Metadata.
Knowledge Base Article Q1724: SuperGenies on Pages and Templates.
Knowledge Base Article Q2706: Demystifying why windows display
where they do.
Knowledge Base Article Q1589: #ASS displays in my Super Genie.
TagGetProperty
The Use of
Metadata
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-13
SQL Interface
Vijeo Citect v7.30 introduces the use of the ADO.NET library of SQL functions,
which provides a modern approach to data access, can be programmed using
any of .NET managed languages, and is supported and further developed by its
manufacturer. Further, the new ADO.NET approach enables you to have
multiple recordsets per connection, and multiple queries per recordset. Earlier
versions of Vijeo Citect were restricted to 1 recordset and 1 query per
connection. More importantly, the new implementation uses separate
application threads for connections, disconnections and query executions,
meaning that the SQL queries need no longer be blocking actions.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Create a DSN and connect to a database using ADO SQL functions.
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – ActiveX Data Objects
Vijeo Citect Help Topic –Using External Databases
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - SQL Functions.
ActiveX Data
Objects
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading
1-14 Version 7.30 May 2013
System Security
This section of the exam deals with a variety of security topics within the
contexts of Server and User Authentication. Most of these topics have evolved
as a direct response to the growing concerns about security in SCADA systems
world-wide.
Using the credentials provided, a Server User will be automatically logged in to
the server processes on the current computer, giving any Cicode run from that
Server, the privilege level of this Server User.
This user has nothing to do with the Runtime Manager or any processes related
to it, only Cicode tasks.
Note:
The Server User configuration screen is only available when the Computer
Setup Wizard is configured for Multi-Process.
There are three options for the Server user.
Default Server User All Cicode will be run on the Server as if it is owned
by a user with full access to all areas and all
privileges - this is an internally defined 'virtual' user.
None Any Cicode function requiring a Privilege level on
the server will fail to run.
Specific User The user must be either a known user in the current
project or a valid Windows user connected to the
project via the Windows groups feature described in
Assign Windows Groups to Roles.
Aspects of
Security
The Server User
Vijeo Citect Upgrade Exam Manual Release 1 1-15
System Security (cont.)
Windows Integrated Security uses Role based security definitions that focus on the
Areas and Permissions of a Job Type rather than the identity of any one person.
Roles act as templates that define the Areas and Permissions for users who are
included in a linked Windows Group.
Job Type
Templates
1-16 Version 7.30 May 2013
System Security (cont.)
When a Windows user is logged on to a runtime system with the associated
privileges and areas of the role to which the user belongs, there are times when
a higher level authorisation is required for the user to perform certain actions.
An example of this is in the Pharmaceutical Industry in the United States where
FDA guidelines on electronic records and electronic signatures are defined in
Title 21 CFR Part 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations. One of the
requirements in this code is that electronic signatures must be countersigned by
more than one person.
In order to comply with regulations such as these Vijeo Citect has developed
Multi Signature Support. The MultiSignatureForm function can be displayed
through a Cicode form to allow countersigning of an operation by another user
who has the required level of privilege.
The MultiSignatureForm function displays a form that allows up to four users to
have their credentials verified in order to approve an operation. The usernames
can be native Vijeo Citect or Windows Integrated Security users.
Use these suggested exercises to increase your understanding of the topic.
Create Vijeo Citect Roles linked to Windows groups.
Configure an object on a page to use multi-signature support.
Configure a Server User using the various options to determine the
effect of each.
Use the following references to assist your understanding of the topic.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Adding Roles.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Adding groups and users in Windows
security.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Roles.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Using Vijeo Citect Security.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic - Multi-Signature Support.
Vijeo Citect Help Topic – MultiSignature Form.
Vijeo Citect Customisation and Design Course.
High Level
Authorisation
Suggested
Exercises
Further Reading