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June 26, 2010June 26, 2010

NEW LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN HIGHER NEW LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION: The MultiEDUCATION: The Multi--Level Governance Level Governance

and the New Roles of Students and Partnersand the New Roles of Students and Partners

Prof. Dr. Metin Lütfi BAYDAR, MD Rector

Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

*Changes and main developments in Higher Education

(HE)

*The impact of these changes on HE and the new landscape

*Partnerships / Networks and Collaboration in research and HE

*What to do in a

highly competitive, increasingly market driven new environment?

*Notes on Turkish higher education system and the case of Süleyman

Demirel

University

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

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*One main reason for the extraordinary change in HE is globalization or internationalization

*Cross-border education (UNESCO-OECD guidelines)

Main Developments in the Main Developments in the World of HEWorld of HE

*Massification

and expansion*Multi-level and matrix governance of higher education

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* Increased importance of knowledge and technology as a growth stimulator

* Changing demographics (age, ethnicity, etc.)

* Diversification (in student body, service delivery, financing etc.)

* Market oriented economy and society with a state playing a less direct and inactive role; and stagnant levels of public funding as of GDP despite increased demand.


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* Increased awareness&

amplified expectations

* Higher mobility* More emphasis on outcomes & employability


*Increased student centeredness and student involvement

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Student Involvement is A Critical Student Involvement is A Critical Element in Bologna ProcessElement in Bologna Process

“… involvement of students as competent, active and constructive partners in the establishment and shaping of EHEA is needed and welcomed” and “Students are full members of the higher education community.” (Prague Communique, 2001)

“Ministers reaffirmed the importance of stakeholders engagement for the success of the (Bologna) Process as a whole, and restated the preparation of students as active citizens in democratic societies as a core mission of HEIs.” (London Communique, 2009)

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*Many of these developments are obvious in many countries.

*Yet, there are variations depending on culture, demography, country, governments etc.

*Similarly, what drives these developments may differ from one country to another and often driving forces are not clear.


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* Cooperation has become the main mechanism and tool

in the

era of internationalziaiton and increased competition!

* The inclusion of more external stakeholders in the governance of HEIs

= More private sector

involvement in

HE* Development of supranational

decision making process in the area of HE

What are the Implications of What are the Implications of Such Developmets?Such Developmets?

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* Internationalization

=

Increased cross-border education


=

Increased utilization of market mechanisms

*Internationalization

=

Increased competition


=

Increased interconnectedness

*Yet still Internationalization

= MORE COOPERATION

What are the Implications of What are the Implications of Such Developmets?Such Developmets?

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There is a need to look for more innovative ways in HE in order to:1. Continue delivering quality higher education service with decreasing public funds;2. Providing fair access to higher education;3. Providing a learning environment where students can get education in accordance with national and international socio-economic needs….

What is Needed?What is Needed?

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* There is also a need for

more

institutional autonomy

and

academic freedom.

What is Needed?What is Needed?

* Yet,

autonomy should not be used as a concealed method to leave HEI’s

alone in the market process

and cut down (or not increase) the government funds provided to HEIs

and economically-

disadvantaged students.

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*Being autonomous create the necessary milieu for more creative and innovative solutions, and for better adaptation to change.

*But without proper policies and actions, autonomy alone may not help.

*Thus, there is need for policies to promote autonomy, to stimulate research and innovation, to increase networking and collaboration among HEIs

and disciplines, etc.

Is Being Autonomous Enough?Is Being Autonomous Enough?

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Colloborative ResearchColloborative Research

“Research and innovation activities are most productive within relatively relatively stablestable, yet also dynamicalso dynamic environmentsenvironments that encourage the that encourage the mobility and use of mobility and use of new new ideasideas... However, it is trust and stability – not only the individual research contract or excellent facilities – that provide the primary conditions for establishing programs that meet partners’ needs.» (EIRMA, EUA, EARTO and PROTON, 2009: 7)

More Challenges and OpprotunitiesMore Challenges and Opprotunities

* Internationalization itself is both a challenge and an opportunity.

Important

thing is how top on it!* Evaluation and accreditation mechanisms helps…

* Increased need for open decision making processes, transparency, accountability, international and interdisciplinary co-operation

is facilitated by ICT!

Source: EUA-Trends, 2010 Report, p. 18.

Most Important Developments in EU Most Important Developments in EU Universities in the last 3 YearsUniversities in the last 3 Years

Developmets are consentrated in the areas of Internal Quality Processes, Enhanced Cooperation with other HEIs, More Autonomy, Enhanced Cooperation with Industry, Diversified Funding and Competition.

Source: EUA-Trends, 2010 Report, p. 26.

How Important EU Universities See How Important EU Universities See The Following Developments The Following Developments

in the last 3 Yearsin the last 3 Years

EU universities see the Bologna Process, Quality Assurance Reforms and Internationalization as the most important developments within the last 3 years.

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* New and participatory methods of governance in HEIs

* Students are in the management of HEIs.

* More Diversity = More Cooperation

*More involvement and cooperation of internal-external stakeholders such as local, regional, national and international representatives of the society and industry

Collaborative MethodsCollaborative Methods

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*Needs of the market, industry and society.*Partnerships with Industry *Cooperation for mobility in HE, R&D * Networks of research & development and

support for international teams of R & D*Cooperation to build quality assurance and

accreditation systems*Yet; accreditation and internal quality

assurance should not be seen as a temporary external intervention and should be incorporated into HEIs’ overall strategy.


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* Bologna Process itself is a collaborative process. * Creation of EKA, ERA, EHEA is a good example.* Bilateral Erasmus exchanges * Development of a European qualifications framework; * A

shared understanding for calculating credit units(ECTS);

* Delivery of diploma supplements* The creation of a European Register of quality assurance

agencies.

Bologna ProcessBologna Process

«Thus, the Bologna process has brought the concept Thus, the Bologna process has brought the concept of cooperation to an entirely new level in Europe, of cooperation to an entirely new level in Europe, and networks are multiplyingand networks are multiplying». (Kinser and Green, 2009: 2)

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* Projects themselves tend to be interdisciplinary and contribute to increased cooperation in research &innovation

* Projects under ERC, FP7, Erasmus Mundus, Grundtving, Twining, IAU Leather Program etc. all require multi-national make-up of research teams.


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* Widening wireless, mobile internet access, new and very practical learning methods and environments presented by internet, video conferencing, pre-recorded lectures, Open access to information etc. have changed the way we learn, teach and do research.

New Methods of LearningNew Methods of Learning

*They lessened

demand for traditional lecture space and enabled

the classes to take place anytime, anywhere.

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*Education is not just the transfer of old knowledge and attitudes from person to person or from the old to the new generation by lecturing,

storytelling,

note-taking and memorizing information. (Maclellan

and Soden, 2004: 254)

*Education is now more and more a process of «learning in a group coached by an instructor»

where learners are seen as active constructors and organizers of their own learning by being involved and collaborating with others.

*In this form of learning, all knowledge is created as individuals (and groups) adapt to and make sense of their experiential worlds.

New Methods of LearningNew Methods of Learning

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Turkish Higher Education Turkish Higher Education SystemSystem

*Turkish higher education system is directed by a relatively autonomus central governmental body, Higher Education Council (YÖK), since1981.

*Universities are under the supervision of this Council and their programs are regularly scrutinized and accredited.

*One of the duties of YÖK is to ensure that international standards

are met by the Turkish HE system.

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*There were 19 public universities in 1981, now the number is over 160.

*Until 1984, there were no private universities in Turkey. Now there are not-for-profit private universities.

*There was only one private university in 1984. The number is over 60 as of 2010.

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*Turkey is a part of Bologna Process since 2001.

*Due to this process, Turkey’s involvement in international projects

and international

mobility has increased. *YOK approved National

Qualification Framework at the end of 2009.

*Turkish National Research Council (TÜBİTAK) also supports the involvement of researchers in international research projects, the mobility of academic staff and the education of researchers abroad.

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SSüüleyman Demirel University (SDU)leyman Demirel University (SDU)

*Süleyman

Demirel

University (SDU), located in the city of Isparta, was founded in 1992.

*As of 2010 SDU is 18 years old and one of the largest (50.000 students) and best universities in Turkey.

*There are 15 faculties, 17 vocational schools, 5 institutes and 34 research centers

and over 50 student

clubs.*Our library is the best and our sport center is the

biggest in the region.*The university employs over 2.000

academic staff and

researchers.

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A General View of SDU CampusA General View of SDU Campus

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SSüüleyman Demirel Universityleyman Demirel University

*The future policies of SDU have been shaped by strategic plans. The first plan covers 2006-2010, which concentrates on the university’s institutional structure.

*University’s new strategic plan has been prepared for the period of 2011 –

2015.

*The new plan focuses more on internationalization and international education and research collaborations.

*Strategic planning group discusses matters such as global developments

in

higher education around the

world, international cooperation, world universities’ strategic perceptions, Turkish universities, international

and national trends,

our positions on various rankings etc.

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A View from West SDU CampusA View from West SDU Campus

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*The mobility of researchers, lecturers and students from SDU to various world universities are among the main goals.

*Implementation of internal-external quality measures and the Bologna Process are also among the main goals.

*Research, innovation and university-industry collaboration are promoted, and for these purposes there are a techno-city, a technology development center and several research centers.

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*Tomorrow’s SDU is the destination where researchers, lecturers and students from various civilizations meet and work together.

*SDU is also

e-university that gives education to the students from all around the world

through distance learning.*Our goal is to make

SDU a global and regional

actor in Turkey, Balkans and Middle East, through collaboration with other world universities.

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A Winter Scene from SA Winter Scene from Süüleyman leyman Demirel UniversityDemirel University

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Thank you for listening…

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