Gillette Psych 12 - Research
Research MethodsThe Scientific Method
1. _______________some aspect of the universe. Formulate a question.2. ______________ a theory (_______________) that is consistent with what
you have observed. 3. Use the theory to make _________________. 4. _________those predictions by _______________or further
__________________. 5. _____________--the theory in the light of your results. 6. Go to step 3. 7. Draw __________________ 8. _____________ your results
THREE TYPES OF RESEARCH1. _______________________________2. _______________________________3. _______________________________
Gillette Psych 12 - Research
1. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCHTypes of descriptive research:1. The Case Study2. ________________________3. Naturalistic Observation
CASE STUDY
What is it?
Strengths (+)
Limitations (-)
SURVEY METHOD
What is it?
Strengths (+)
Limitations (-)
NATURALISTIC OBSERVATION
What is descriptive research?
Gillette Psych 12 - Research
What is it?
Strengths (+)
Limitations (-)
2. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHExperimental Research explores _________ & ____________ relationships. Experimental research = the _________________ of research in psychology.Experimental Research Vocab (know it – learn it – love it)
Independent ________________: factor that is manipulated
________________Variable: factor that is measured
Extraneous ________________: factors that effect DV, that are not IV.
________________ Group: Group exposed to IV
_________________ Group: Group not exposed to IV ________________: inert substance that is in place of IV in Control Group
A good experiment should be:
___________________________ Bias = a special kind of situation-relevant confounding variable. Experiment bias is the unconscious tendency for
VALID
RELIABLE
Gillette Psych 12 - Research
researchers to treat members of the experimental and control groups differently to increase the chance of confirming their hypothesis.
Can be eliminated using _____________ - ____________ procedure: neither the participants nor the researcher are able to affect the outcome of the research (aka: have someone who is unfamiliar with the participant role to interact with the participant)
More Vocab: _____________________ Group = gets the treatment operationalized in
the independent variable ___________________Group = does not get the independent
variable (without the control group – one cannot know whether changes in the experimental group are due to the experimental treatment or simply not getting treatment at all)
Placebo method = an inert but otherwise identical substance
Placebo ________________= People exhibit psychological effects of a drug, even though it is a placebo and not an actual drug.
Do You Like Coffee?
Do You Need it to Function?
A Robert Bateman Experiment!
HYPOTHESIS
Gillette Psych 12 - Research
POPULATION
SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
RANDOM SAMPLE
GROUPING EXPERIMENTAL GROUPGroup A
CONTROL GROUPGroup B
Group C
VARIABLES INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Cause
DEPENDENT VARIABLEEffect
What is measured?How is it measured?
Placebo Effect
Blinds SINGLE BLIND DOUBLE BLIND
Which is better?Confounding Variables