WELCOME
The company
• Origins back in 1923: FERODO / VALEO• First expansion joint in 1955• 2005 creation of FERLAM COMPENSATEURS• 50 years experience in the design, manufacture, delivery
and installation on site of fabric expansion joints• Located in Roubaix in the North of France• Easy access to transport network: major European ports,
Motorways and Airports
Definitions and Purpose
• Expansion joints are flexible connectors designed to provide stress relief in ducting systems by absorbing movements caused by thermal changes.
• Moreover, fabric expansion joints have an extended role in terms of:Vibration and noise isolationShock absorptionCompensate misalignment of ductings
Various types of Expansion Joints
• Metallic Expansion Joints or Bellows
• Non-metallic Expansion Joints Rubber or Moulded Expansion Joints Fabric Expansion Joints or Compensators
Our typical customers– Power generation
Fossil fired plants Gas turbine plants Cogeneration plants Nuclear plants
– Cement plants– Refineries
Petroleum Chemical
– Steel and aluminium– Waste incineration– Pollution control and flue-gas cleaning – Pulp and paper– Food processing– Heating and ventilation– Sugar refineries– Engineering Companies
Fabric expansion joints
• Air and flue gas duct systemsFiltration, de-dusting, ventilation, drying…
• BoilersCasing, heater…
• Gas turbinesGas turbine exhaust, diverter, HRSG, chimney
• Furnaces, Cyclon tower, Clinker
Design considerations
• Type of plant• Location in plant • Medium
Air, flue gas, etc…Chemical corrosionLoaded with dust
• PressurePositive or negativePulsations or not
• TemperatureTemperature of medium
Design temperature
Operating temperature
Ambient temperature
Peak temperature
• Movements• Vibrations• Duct geometry
Dimensions, insulation
Main configurations
• Belt type
• U type or Flanged
• Arched type• Bellow type
Multi-layer joints• 1) Supporting layer
Stainless steel wire mesh Wire reinforced fabric
• 2) Insulating layer Glassfabric or glass felt Mineral wool Silicate fabric or silicate felt Ceramic felt
• 3) Chemical barrier PTFE film Fluoroelastomer
• 4) Outer cover Silicone elastomer EPDM (Teflon) Fluoroplastic
• 5) Edge reinforcement Glassfabric polyurethane
coated
Movements• Axial movement
Compression Extension
• Lateral movement• Torsion• Angular movement• Vibrations
You should prefer duct systems with circular shapes rather than rectangular as the combination of axial, lateral and angular movements is more easily absorbed and it affects the joint uniformally
Inner sleeve design
• Welded to the expansion joint frame (straight)
• Welded to the duct plate (semi-airfoil)
• Bolted to the duct flange (semi-airfoil)
• Designed as part of the expansion joint frame (telescopic)
Design of inner sleeve
• Enable free movement of joint and flanges• Protects bolster and or joint from gas and dust
flow• Enable laminar flow of gas within the ducting• Should be designed according to corrosion
regarding choice of material and thickness• Should ease installation or replacement of
bolster/compensator• Should eventually enable cleaning of ducting• Must take into account dilatations (approx. 3 mm
per meter at 300°C)
Bolster or stuffing mat Function:
– Thermal insulation– Acoustic insulation– Protection of expansion joint– Reduce the pulsation effect
Construction:– Retaining bag: wire mesh and/or heat resistant
glassfabric or silicate fabric– Insulation: mineral or ceramic wool
Advices:Do not use bulk insulating materials
→More difficult to install in correct position→Exposure to fibres during handling and installation→Does not resist to abrasion→Quicker deterioration of expansion joint
Bolster or stuffing mat
• It also prevents particules or dust accumulation between the inner sleeve and the expansion joint which can lead to the explosion of the expansion joint
Tabbed bolster
Enables the bolster to stay into position
May also be pinned to the frame
Clamping methods
WORM DRIVE CLAMP CLAMP BARS AND EXTERNAL CLAMPS
CLAMP BANDS CLAMP BARS AND FASTENERS
(Bolts, Nuts, Washers)
Various clamping methods
Method of clamping
Ease of installation or replacement
Cost Suitability
Warm drive clamp Very simple Low
•Used for small size expansion joints
Clamps bands with screw or bolt fixing
Very simple Low •Circular shape & low pressure only•Clamps must be split into several segments
Clamp bars with bolts and nuts
Simple Medium •Pre-formed corners with slotted holes•Do not use clamp bars too long when temperature is very high
Clamp bars fitted to stud bolts welded to
joint frames
Easy but care should be taken in
order not to damage studs
Medium to high
•Easier when the joint is not too thick•Slotted holes in clamp bars make installation easier
Clamp bars with « U » or « E »
clamps
Simple High •Longer E clamps may be used to keep heat away from the bolt
Clamping methods
Clamping methods
• Clamping using « G » clamps
• Used for belt type expansion joints
• No need for drilling
The benefits of fabric expansion joints
• Large movements possible in short face-to-face distance, especially with pre-set position installation
• Capacity to absorb simultaneous movements in several planes
• Acoustic and vibration isolation• Great possibilities regarding the design• No thermal conductivity• High resistance to corrosion • Lower replacement cost• Light weight• Easier installation and maintenance
Prior to installationPlease proceed to the following checkings before installing
expansion joints:• Generally, do not (re-)install material which is not in good
condition • Duct flanges are in good conditions and tight welded, no
sharp edges in the area of expansion joint• Duct flanges and holes are correctly lined up, within
tolerances• The distance between flanges in cold position is equal or
inferior to installation height of expansion joint• Clamp bar side in contact with expansion joint is rounded• Inner sleeve is in good condition and correctly positionned• Bolt heads cannot get into contact with outer cover of
expansion joint while expending. If it is the case, decide for design with countersunk bolt heads
Precautions during installation…
• Large/heavy expansion joints must be supported with lifting devices during installation
• Lifting devices should not be attached directly to the fabric but on the lifting lugs of a frame designed to support the joint
• Protective materials or shipping bars should not be removed before installation is completed, especially when work is carried out in the area
• Install expansion joint with elastomer coated surface on the outside
• On horizontal ducting put the junction on the top to avoid condensation on the junction
Precautions during installation
• The head of bolts should be placed on the backing flange side
• Protect the expansion joint from surrounding activities
• Do not put materials, such as scaffolding, on the expansion joint
• All clamp bars should be installed and bolts and nuts hand-tightened before tightening further to the requested torque
• Ask manufacturer’s recommandations regarding tightening torque
• The expansion joints should not be insulated
Recommendations after installation
• After commissioning the components of the expansion joint will settle in their operating position. By consequent, fasteners of the clamping devices should be re-tightened at the recommended torque
• Expansion joints should be visualy inspected on a regular basis
• During visual inspection, maintenance staff should look for signs of damage which usually occur in the form of changes of colour or peeling of the outer layerIf these sign appear you should contact the expansion joint manufactuer immediately
Applications
Applications
Applications
Scope of supply• Insulating cord / joints• Closing acessories• Fasteners• Steel parts• Services
Site survey Design, drawings, quotation Installation on site Supervision Inspection Specific packaging Special tools
Documents
•Drawings
•Data sheets
•Installation instructions
•Closing instructions
Metallic Expansion Joints
Advantages Perfect tightness Strength and robustness Resistance to high
temperatures Resistance to high
pressures (up to 40 bars) Longer working life
Inconvenients Stiffness/high spring rate Limited movements Limited shapes Means required for
installation Cost
Axial expansion bellow
• Made of one single bellow serie
• Axial expansion bellows are designed to compensate compression or extension in the longitudinal axis of the bellow
• It can be fitted with tie rods to limit the movements
Lateral expansion bellow
• Made of two bellow series connected by a central pipe
• Lateral expansion bellows are designed to compensate both axial and lateral movements
• It can be fitted with tie rods to limit the movements
Angular expansion bellow
• Made of one bellow serie
• Angular expansion bellows are designed to allow angular rotation in one or any plane depending if they are fitted with one or two pairs of hinges
Materials
• Bellows:
Stainless steels, exotic steels, nickel alloys
• Inner sleeve:
Stainless steels• Welding end pipe and
flanges:
Carbon steel, stainless steel
Rubber expansion joint
Used for pipelines with aggressive chemicals
Abrasion resistant
Made of elastomers with fabric and/or wire reinforcing; and fully vulcanised
Rubber Expansion Joints
Advantages Perfect tightness Enables transport of
liquids Strength and robustness High cycle life
Inconvenients Limited temperatures
(approx 200°C) Limited shapes Cost
Rubber expansion joints
REFERENCES
ENGINEERING COMPANIESBoilers & Energy :
ALSTOM – CNIM/BABCOCK – FERBECK & VINCENT - FOSTER WHEELERS - HAMON THERMIQUE – HAMON ENVIRONMENTAL
– HAMON RESEARCH - HEURTEY PETROCHEM – JANSEN COMBUSTION & BOILER TECHNOLOGIES - MAN
TURBOMASCHNEN – STEIN ENERGIE
Environmental : AMERICAN AIR FILTER (A.A.F.) - PROCEDAIR - FERBECK ET VINCENT – INTENSIV FILTER – LAB – NEU ELECTROFILTRES
Cement : FCB CIMENTS – KRUPP POLYSIUS - CLAUDIUS PETERS
Iron & Steel : INEO SUEZ - STEIN HEURTEY - VAI CLECIM/SIEMENS
Fans: HOWDEN SIROCCO – FLAKT WOODS/SOLYVENT – DE READT –
DANIELS FANS LTD
REFERENCES
POWER STATIONS
E.D.F. - ENDESA - DALKIA – ELYOABU QIR - ALEXANDRIA
Cogenerations:AEROPORT DE ROISSY - MODO PAPER – PECHINEY – SCDF –
NOVACARB – SOLVAY - EMIN LEYDIER - AMYLUM - SIDOBRE SINNOVA - PEAGE DU ROUSSILLON – MICHELIN –
DESCARTES – NANCY – INDUSTELEC – ILLBERG - ELF ATOCHEM - RHODIA
INCINERATORS :
DEGREMONT SERVICES (SUEZ) – SITA – VINCI ENVIRONNEMENT – VEOLIA ENVIRONNEMENT – NOVERGIE SUEZ
NEVERS - MESSANGES - BASSENS - PLOUHARNEL - AGEN – PONTMAIN - BELLEGARDE - BESANCON - FORT DE FRANCE –
CARRIERE SUR SEINE – LE MANS - CHARTRES
REFERENCES
CEMENT PLANTSLAFARGE – LAFARGE UK - HERACLES LAFARGE GREECE – SCB
LAFARGE BENIN – VICAT – BANBURI CEMENT – CIMENTS LUXEMBOURGEOIS – CIMENTS DE GABES – CIMENTS D’OUM EL KELIL – CIMENTS BENI-SAF – BENI SUEF CEMENT – BUZZI
UNICEM – TOURAH PORTLAND CEMENT – ECFA CEMENT EGYPT - GROUPE ERCE S.C.H.B. – CIMENTS HADJAR SOUD –
YUN FU – HOANG MAI
IRON & STEEL PLANTS :ARCELOR MITTAL – ASCOMETAL - SOLLAC – VALLOUREC –
MITTAL STEEL ANNABA
ALUMINIUM PRODUCERSALCAN/PECHINEY – ALUMINIUM DE GRECE
PETROCHEMICALB.P. - ESSO - EXXON MOBIL – GALP ENERGIA – RAFFINERIA DI
PORTO – PETROM/OMV - P.C.K. - RAFFINERIE DE DUNKERQUE – TOTAL
REFERENCES
MININGLE NICKEL SLN
CHEMICAL INDUSTRYPROCTER & GAMBLE – RHODIA - ROQUETTE FRERES - SANOFI
AVENTIS – TIOXYDE HUNTSMAN – UNITED CHEMICALS
GROUPE CHIMIQUE TUNISIEN – INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZERS TOGO – INDUSTRIES CHIMIQUES DU FLUOR (ICF) TUNISIA
GLASS INDUSTRYSAINT GOBAIN
Contact details:
FRANZ HOLSTEIN GMBHMr Claus Juergen Agsten [email protected] +49 (0) 2151 70335 - Cell phone +49 (0) 172 87 24 161 Fax +49 (0) 2151 703365
FERLAM COMPENSATEURSStéphane Poulet [email protected] Phone: +33 (0)32065 9674 – Cell phone: +33 (0) 626 471 090Fax: +33 (0)32065 9697