Where do you find poetry? Consider this: We drove to the cave
in silence. When we arrived, She whispered to the piano player,
Then took my hand. We danced. And suddenly, something we had lost
was back.
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Poetry is Everywhere: -Music -Textbooks -Love letters -Plays
Even, Mercedes Benz ads (as the one we just read).
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In order to understand poetry, you have to understand the
devices a poet uses to write his poetry.
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Just as an artist chooses his medium- paint, clay, pencil,
charcoal- so a poet chooses how he will create his work. Poets use
a variety of tools or LITERARY and POETIC DEVICES- to breathe life
and meaning into their words.
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I. Type of Poetry II. Poetry Organization III. Figurative
Language
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1. Elegy: a poem that mourns the death of a person, that is
simply sad and thoughtful. 2. Free Verse: poetry composed of rhymed
or unrhymed lines that have no meter. 3. Fixed Form: various types
of poems that have a prescribed meter and rhyme scheme.
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4. Lyric: a poem, such as an ode or sonnet, that expresses the
thoughts and feelings of the poet. A lyric poem usually resembles
the form of a song. 5. Narrative: a poem that tells a story. 6.
Ode: a lyric that is serious and thoughtful in tone and has a very
precise, formal structure. 7. Sonnet: a formal poem written in
iambic pentameter, of 14 lines, with a rhyme scheme of ABAB, CDCD,
EFEF, GG.
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1. Couplet: two lines of poetry that rhyme. 2. Elision: the
leaving out of a stressed or unstressed syllable or vowel, usually
in order to keep a meter in a line of poetry. Example: oer for over
3. End Rhyme: when the end of lines of poetry rhyme.
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4. Foot: two or more syllables that together make up the
smallest unit of rhythm in poetry. 5. Iambic Pentameter:
Shakespeares plays were written in iambic pentameter, which is the
most common type of meter in English poetry. I has five feet in
each line, each foot having an unstressed, then stressed syllable.
6. Internal Rhyme: when words rhyme within one line of poetry.
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7. Meter: basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in a
verse. 8. Quatrain: a stanza or poem of four lines. 9. Rhyme: the
occurrence of similar sounds at the end of two or more words.
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10. Rhyme Scheme: the pattern of rhyming lines in a poem. It is
usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines
rhyme.For example, abab would mean the first and third lines rhyme,
and the second and fourth lines rhyme. 11. Stanza: two or more
lines of poetry that form the divisions of a poem.
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Meter: Name Order of Stress Number of Syllables Iamb
(Iambic)unstressed, stressed 2 syllables Trochee
(Trochaic)stressed, unstressed 2 syllables Anapest (Anapestic)
unstressed, unstressed, stressed 3 syllables Dactyle (Dactylic)
stressed, unstressed, unstressed 3 syllables Pyric unstressed,
unstressed 2 syllables Iambic example: Shall I | com pare | Trochee
example: By the shores of Gitche Gumee Pyric example: When the
blood creeps and the nerves prick.
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Monometer- One Foot Dimeter- Two Feet Trimeter- Three Feet
Tetrameter- Four Feet Pentameter- Five Feet Hexameter- Six Feet
Heptameter- Seven Feet Octameter- Eight Feet
Slide 14
Mixed Meter With Iambic Feet From "Intimations of Immortality,"
by William
Wordsworth.........1...............2.................3.....................4......................5
There WAS..|..a TIME..|..when MEAD..|..ow, GROVE,..|..and STREAM
Iambic
Pentameter.........1................2...............3................4.
The EARTH,..|..and EV..|..ry COM..|..mon SIGHT Iambic
Tetrameter.....1..............2 To ME..|..did SEEM Iambic
Dimeter......1..............2.............3...............4 Ap
PAR..|..elled IN..|..cel EST..|..ial LIGHT Iambic
Tetrameter........1..............2.................3................4.................5
The GLOR..|..y AND..|..the FRESH..|..ness OF..|..a DREAM. Iambic
Pentameter
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1. Alliteration: repetition of consonant sounds. 2. Assonance:
repetition of vowel sounds. 3. Author: the individual who wrote a
work of literature.
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4. Connotation: what a word suggests beyond its basic meaning.
Consider the words home and house. Which has a more positive
connotation? 5. Denotation: the dictionary meaning of a word. 6.
Diction: the choice of words or phrases in a piece of writing.
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7. Extended metaphor: a metaphor that is extended for several
lines. (Similar to epic similes). 8. Figurative meaning:
associative or connotative meaning; representational. 9. Hyperbole:
an overstatement.
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10. Imagery: words that paint mental pictures. 11. Irony: the
use of meaning that uses language that usually signifies the
opposite. 12. Literal Meaning: the meaning that an author truly
writes and explains.
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13. Metaphor: a comparison not using like or as. 14. Mood: the
attitude or emotion that a reader receives from a work. 15. Motif:
two contrasting elements in a work of literature, such as light and
dark, death and life.
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16. Onomatopoeia: words that create sounds. 17. Paradox:
statement or situation that contains contradictory or incompatible
elements. 18. Personification: giving human characteristics to
non-human things.
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19. Simile: figure of speech using like or as. 21. Speaker: the
person from whom the point of view is from. 22. Symbol: idea,
object, person, that represents something else.