Reason 2: The Failure of Southern Nationalism
People as a whole fought for their states, not the CSA
People in the North fought for the USA, not their states
Reason 3: Immorality of SlaveryThe Southerners had no
moral ground to stand on, so no one rallied to the cause
The North had the moral high ground of freedom, so those in the north rallied to their cause
Reason 5: Industry Over AgricultureThe idea of using agriculture as a bargaining tool failed
The West opened up
Reason 6: Failure of the Ideas of Secession and NullificationThe theory that states didn’t
have to follow rules it didn’t like, didn’t hold up the CSA, which led to its defeat
The End of Slavery
When the South lost, it became American Territory again, which meant that the Emancipation Proclamation took effect in the South
The North passed 3 Amendments to outlaw slavery
Amendment 13December 18. 1865Neither slavery, nor
involuntary servitude…shall exist within the US or any place subject to its jurisdiction
Amendment 14July 28, 1868ALL persons born in the US
are citizens of the US.No state can “take away” the
basic rights of those citizens
Amendment 15March 30, 1870The rights of citizens of the
US to vote shall not be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
The Devastation of the SouthDestructionFood ShortagesUncertain status of African-
AmericansReturn of Former
Confederates to Power
Destruction620,000 lives lostIn the South, railroads destroyed,
ports abandoned, towns emptyIn the Border states of Kentucky
and Missouri, anarchy$4 billion lost in freed slaves
DestructionMany people leave to Canada
or Mexico rather than live under “Yankee” rule
Hatred among the South for anything northern, especially people and military
Food Shortages
Southern farms were destroyed
Cotton, rice, sugar industry in the South are wiped out
Uncertain Status of Newly Freed African-Americans
“Top rail is bottom rail now”“We own this land now. Put it out of your head that it will ever be yours again.”
Freedmen’s BureauFor former slaves, it:
–Negotiated labor contracts–Provided Medical Care–Set up new schools
The Black CodesIn the SouthBlacks could not own farm land
in Mississippi or town lots in SCHad to buy licenses to practice
certain trades
The Black CodesBlacks could not carry firearms
without a permitThey had to enter into labor contractsVagrants were forced to work for
virtually free