Wide Area Monitoring Using Synchro-Phasor
Devices
Presented By,Hiral Patel
(14530012)Guided By,
Dr. Vishal Kumar
INTRODUCTION
It is well-known that,
Active power proportional to the sine of the angle difference between voltages at the two terminals of the line.
Positive Sequence measurements will provide the most direct access to the state
So, measuring angle differences has been of concern for many years.
Synchronized Phasor Measurement Systems provides all.
What is Monitoring Technology ?
Requirement Of Monitoring
Necessity arise for Invention
Why Digital signal required ? Analog: Resolution Issues, Noise, Long distance Travelling Problem Digital: Simpler, Fast Support
Why Fourier Transform Needed ?
MONITORING
SYNCHRO-PHASOR
What are synchro-phasors ?
Why Require Synchronism ?
How Synchronism Achieved ?
Measurements, Conventional & Modern
WIDE AREA MONITORING
In order to monitor Dynamic Changes especially.
Shortcomings in Conventional SCADA Systems
• The data scan took long time.
• The approximation was to assume - that the system was “static”
• Steady & Non-synchronous information
• Time resolution between 1 to 10 s.
Whereas WAMS enables permanent monitoring
Time-synchronized information every 20 ms (in 50 Hz systems).
MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES
Data Communication
Network
Control/Process NetworkConsisting of several servers
& clientsCommunication for grid
control
Corporate Intranetoperations that are
performed on an office network
DMZexchange data between the
Intranet and the control network
Network Architecture
Communication Between Data Acquisition Units in Substations & Control Centres
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS
Modern SCADA and metering devices: IEC 870-5-101/104, IEC 61850
PMU and PDC: IEEE C37.118 protocol
Peer to Peer Communications for Data Transmission Optimization: IEC 60870-5-104 or IEEE C37.118
Protocols Broadly Classified as:
•Currier-current communications by HV transmission lines
• Fibre-optic communication channels on HV transmission lines
•Rented channels;
• Ethernet based local and wide area network LAN/WAN
Comparison of Local Protection Devices, Wide Area Monitoring System & SCADA/EMS for Detection of Power System States
LARGE SCALE WAMS
The main components ofLarge Scale Wide Area Monitoring System (LS-WAMS )
Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs) Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs)
Communication Networks
Data Storage
Application Software
Data Exchange
Data Processin
g
Data Storage
DataVisualizat
ion
PDC
PMU Device
s
Within PDCs
With SCAD
A
For Contro
l & Protect
ion
With Real-time
Visualization
Angle Differe
nce
Low Freq.
Oscillation
Oscillation
Source
Islanding
Voltage Stabilit
y
Circular
Events
Disturbance Recording
Applications of Phasor Measurements in Monitoring, Protection & Control of Future Electric Power Networks
Real Time System State
Determination
Real-Time Congestion Management
Phase Angle Monitoring
Disturbance Propagation
Monitoring
Protection For Wide Area
Disturbances
Road-Map to Effective PMU Networks
Deployment of the smart grid technologies
Effective state estimation
New hardware platforms
CONCLUSION
Additional advantages of large scale WAMS are:
Higher level of power system observability
Early detection of oscillations in the power system
– location and magnitude
– the impact on the local system
– real-time oscillation damping estimation
TSOs have real-time monitoring capability of the whole system
Recording and archiving of events.
Help based on real-time synchronized for TSO operators
In order to monitor dynamic changes and if necessary to alert the system operator wide area monitoring systems are applied which provide information of the whole system with short communication interval .
REFERENCES1. IEEE C37.118-2005, IEEE standard for synchrophasors for power systems (Revision of IEEE Std 1344-1995), pp.1–57 (2006)
2. IEEE C37.118.2-2001, IEEE standard for synchrophasor data transfer for power systems (Revision of IEEE Std C37.118-2005), pp.1–53, (2011)
3. A.G. Phadke, J.S. Thorp, Synchronized Phasor Measurements and Their Applications (Springer, New York, 2008) 4. E. Grebe, J. Kabouris, S. Lopez Barba, W. Sattinger, W. Winter, Low Frequency Oscillations in the Interconnected System of
Continental Europe, in IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, (IEEE, 2010), pp. 1–7 5. T. Babnik, U. Gabrijel, B. Mahkovec, M. Perko, G. Sitar, The road from WAMS to WAPCS, in Paper PS3-304, CIGRE B5
Colloquium October (Jeju, Korea, 2009), pp. 19–24 6. ENTSO (European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity), https://www.entsoe.eu/ 7. E. Grebe, H. Weber, W. Sattinger, Systemstudien und Messungen zum Anschluss der Türkei an das europäische Verbundsystem,
ETG-Mitgliederinformation, Juli 2011 8. Jaime De La Ree, Senior Member, IEEE, Virgilio Centeno, Senior Member, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID,
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