Wirral Metropolitan CollegeWirral Metropolitan College
Hair, Beauty & Sports Therapy
Resource related to modules:
• Client care• Health, Safety & Security
Compiled by: Lynda Johnson
May 2004
ContentsContents
• Health and Hygieneo Personal Hygiene and Appearanceo Hazards in the Salon
• Infestation and DiseaseIncluding images and web pages for:Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Head lice, Ringworm, Impetigo, Scabies Eczema, Alopecia, Psoriasis, Folliculitis, Dandruff, Keloids, and In growing hair
Contents (cont.)Contents (cont.)
• Salon Hygieneo General Salon Hazards - video clip (general salon
environment)o Sterilisation - information and images
• Accidents in the Salono First aid kit – information and imageo Instruction and video clips for the treatment of:
Burns, electric shocks, eye splasho Instruction and image about the treatment of:
Cuts, fainting, and seizureso Copy of accident/incident form
Health and HygieneHealth and Hygiene
This section looks at what infection actually is and how you can avoid spreading it in the salon.
Good health and safety practice begins with yourself, so looking at your own personal health, hygiene and appearance is included.
Health and HygieneHealth and Hygiene
Hygiene is very important in hairdressing as you will come into direct contact with clients, using tools and equipment such as brushes, combs, towels and gowns.
There is always a risk of cross-infection (spreading infection from one person to another). All salon staff must make sure that clients and other salon staff, are protected from this risk. Clients expect high standards of cleanliness and hygiene in the salon, and all staff must follow the salon's requirements.
Personal Hygiene and AppearancePersonal Hygiene and Appearance
Don't forget that the first impressions that you make with your clients are the most important! What impression would you make if your hair was untidy, your overall stained and your hands and nails dirty?
The following are things to think about your own personal hygiene and appearance. Look at each one and explain why they are important to hairdressers:
* PERSONAL HYGIENE * NAILS AND HANDS* ORAL HYGIENE * HAIR* FEET POSTURE AND DEPORTMENT* JEWELLERY * CLOTHES
Working un-hygienically in the salonWorking un-hygienically in the salon
Video Clip
Click the image below to play the video clip (click it again to stop)
Hazards in salon environmentHazards in salon environment
Video Clip
Click the image below to play the video clip (click it again to stop)
Identify (list) and discuss a minimum of 10 hazards:
Infection and DiseaseInfection and Disease
• Advise and Consult with Clients, you looked at some of the common diseases and disorders that hairdressers might come across, including some infectious ones and also infestations.
• Hairdressers must be able to recognise the symptoms of these conditions and be able to tell whether they are infectious or non-infectious.
• A potentially infectious condition is a medical condition or state of health which may be passed to others
InfectionsInfections
Infections are diseases which are passed on from one person to another. This can be by direct or indirect contact. We all carry micro organisms in our bodies, our hair and on our skin – they are, in fact, a vital part of life! Most of these micro-organisms are harmless. Those that are harmful to us are called pathogens which are types of bacteria, viruses and fungi.
Infected handInfected hand
Photograph of an infected hand:
BacteriaBacteria
• Bacteria are staphylococci, streptococci and bacilli which can live outside of the human body.
• Bacterial infections include boils, conjunctivitis (an eye infection) and impetigo. They are treated with antibiotics.
VirusesViruses
• Viruses are much smaller. They survive only in living cells and so cannot live for very long outside the human body.
• Viral infections include the common cold, cold sores (herpes simplex) and warts.
• Viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics
FungiFungi
• Fungi are actually plant forms which are made up from a mass of tiny threads (called hyphae) and are parasites on the human body. They grow in similar conditions to bacteria.
• Fungal infections include ringworm (tinea).
• Infections are caused by micro-organisms or more simply, harmful germs or bacteria. Examples include, the common cold, boils, conjunctivitis (an eye infection), ringworm (tinea), cold sores (herpes simplex), impetigo and warts. Remember that bacteria is everywhere and is mostly harmless to us!
FungiFungi
Photograph image of foot fungi
ContagiousContagious
• From a personal health and hygiene point of view, common sense helps – colds and flu for instance, can be spread by coughing and sneezing.
• Cuts and abrasions may become infected if left untreated or unprotected.
• Some viruses such as the HIV virus can only be transmitted through the exchange of body fluids such as blood – so, in the salon take care if skin (either a client's or your own) is accidentally cut.
• Remember that our bodies have a natural defence mechanism which fights off many pathogens – in fact, we can become infected but not contract the disease.
InfestationInfestation
Infestations are caused by animal parasites living on the body.
Common examples include head lice (pediculosis capitis) and scabies (caused by the itch-mite).
If you suspect an infectious or contagious condition, you must report it to your manager or supervisor.
RingwormRingworm
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Newman Veterinary website
www.newmanveterinary.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
ImpetigoImpetigo
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Kids Health websitewww.kidshealth.org
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
ScabiesScabies
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the MedInfo websitewww.medinfo.co.uk
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
EczemaEczema
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Healthy House website
www.healthy-house.co.uk
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
AlopeciaAlopecia
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Keratin websitewww.keratin.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
PsoriasisPsoriasis
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Psoriasis websitewww.psoriasis.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
FolliculitisFolliculitis
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the MedHelp websitewww.medhelp.org
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
DandruffDandruff
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Skinsite websitewww.skinsite.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
KeloidsKeloids
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Merck.com websitewww.merck.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
In-growing hairIn-growing hair
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Skinsite websitewww.skinsite.com
Head liceHead lice
Research and Discuss:
• Symptom • Cause• Referral
Go to the Mayo Clinic websitewww.mayoclinic.com
Would you be able to continue the service? (click YES or NO)
Skin and Scalp Disorders CrosswordSkin and Scalp Disorders Crossword
Click the link below to try the Skin and Scalp Disorders Crossword Quiz
Crossword Quiz
GENERAL SALON HYGIENEGENERAL SALON HYGIENE
Infection can be spread quite easily in a hairdressing salon because:
• Germs breed easily and quickly in warm, moist (humid) conditions.
• Salons are often heated for client comfort, they get warm from hairdryers and there is always moisture in the air from the evaporation of water during the drying process.
It is important to keep the salon well ventilated, allowing a good circulation of air – reducing humidity (moisture in the air). This can be done by opening windows or using an extractor fan.
SterilisationSterilisation
Most salons sterilise tools and equipment between use. It is essential in minimising the spread of infection.
Sterilisation means the destruction of all living organisms.
There are three types:
1. Autoclave which uses steam (like a pressure cooker). Small items of tools and equipment are placed inside. The high temperature of the steam destroys micro-organisms. It is not a suitable method for all tools and equipment due to its high operating temperature.
SterilisationSterilisation
Autoclave
SterilisationSterilisation
2. Ultra-violet (UV) steriliser which uses UV bulbs which produce ultra-violet light (a characteristic blue, similar to sunbed tubes).
Small items of tools and equipment, which must be cleaned first, are placed inside the cabinet. The UV light destroys most micro organisms but is not as effective as the autoclave, since it cannot destroy the HIV and Hepatitis B viruses.
SterilisationSterilisation
3. Chemical germicide or bactericide destroy most bacteria but can be harmful to skin.
The chemical is usually stored in a special jar into which combs and brushes are placed between use.
Health & Safety in the WorkplaceHealth & Safety in the Workplace
Click the link below to try the Health & Safety in the Workplace Multiple-choice Exercise
Multiple-choice Exercise
DEALING WITH ACCIDENTSDEALING WITH ACCIDENTS
Accidents can always happen and occasionally salon staff may have to deal with minor ones.
An understanding of basic first aid can be useful but any serious injuries must be dealt with by a qualified first aider.
Is there a qualified first aider in your salon? If yes, what is their name?
AccidentsAccidents
All workplaces including salons, by law, must have a first aid kit. This should contain:• General guidance on basic first
aid• Assorted adhesive plasters• Sterile dressings• Triangular bandages• Sterile eye pads• A pair of scissors• Safety pins• Tweezers• Antiseptic wipe/lotion
First Aid KitFirst Aid Kit
Image of a First-Aid Kit
BASIC FIRST AIDBASIC FIRST AID
You must NEVER attempt first aid unless you are trained to do so.
Inform the appropriate person in the salon (this is usually the manager, supervisor or qualified first aider) and take advice.
The following pictures will explain what you can do for more common accidents or incidents that might happen. This information is for guidance only and you should always seek qualified advice before attempting first aid of any kind.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Cuts
Apply disposable gloves before treating any wound. Gently clean the wound using a sterile dressing (from the first aid box), then apply pressure until the bleeding stops. Apply a sterile adhesive dressing (plaster). For more serious bleeding, apply continuous pressure with a clean towel until help arrives.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Cuts and scrapes (Age 2)
Information on the treatment of cuts and scrapesLink to the Parent Centre Website: www.parentcenter.com
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Scalds & burns
Remove the object that has caused the scald or burn.
Hold affected area under cold running water for several minutes. If the burn is large or deep, wash your hands and apply a sterile dressing to protect against infection and send the casualty to hospital. Never remove clothing which has stuck to a burn.
Chemical burns
Flush with cool water for 10-15 minutes. If severe seek medical assistance.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Scalds and burns Video Clip
Click the image below to play the video clip (click it again to stop)
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Electric shock
Don't touch the casualty – you too, will get a shock. Switch off the current at the socket and remove the plug. If this isn't possible, turn off at the main switch. Summon help immediately.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Electric shock Video Clip
Click the image below to play the video clip (click it again to stop)
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Chemical eye splash
Tap water should be applied to the eye, using an eye-bath.Cover with a sterile eye pad and seek medical assistance.
Foreign body in the eye
Apply cold running water to the eye. Do not attempt to remove the object or rub the eye. Cover with a sterile eye pad and seek medical assistance.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Chemical Eye Splash Clip
Click the image below to play the video clip (click it again to stop)
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Fainting
This is caused by an insufficient blood supply to the brain. Lowering the head (between the knees if the person feels faint) or raising the feet (if the person has fainted) will increase blood supply to the head.
PROBLEM & ACTION PROBLEM & ACTION
Seizure (epileptic fit)
This is characterised by a sudden loss of consciousness and jerking of the limbs. You must allow the fit to take its course and do not attempt to restrain the person.
Remove all objects from the surrounding area to prevent injury. Support the person's head by using a soft object, for example the cushion from a dressing-out chair.
PROBLEM & ACTIONPROBLEM & ACTION
Photograph – Fainting (1)
PROBLEM & ACTIONPROBLEM & ACTION
Photograph – Fainting (2)
PROBLEM & ACTIONPROBLEM & ACTION
Photograph – Fainting (3)
PROBLEM & ACTIONPROBLEM & ACTION
Photograph – Seizure (1)
PROBLEM & ACTIONPROBLEM & ACTION
Photograph – Seizure (2)
RIDDORRIDDOR
REPORTING ACCIDENTSAny accident must be reported to your supervisor and recorded in the salon's accident report book. The following information should be recorded:
Some accidents lead to legal cases, so it's important to record the details carefully, in case an enquiry is held at a later date.
•Full name and address of the casualty•Date and time of the accident•Details of the accident i.e. place, circumstances•injury details•name and address of any witnesses
ACCIDENT REPORT FORMACCIDENT REPORT FORM
• Salon name:• Name of staff reporting:• Address:• Date of accident/incident: • Time/place:• Details of accident/incident:• Name and address of person involved in the
accident/incident:• Name's and addresses of any witnesses:
ACCIDENT REPORT FORMACCIDENT REPORT FORM
Accident & Incident Report
Acknowledgements & CopyrightAcknowledgements & Copyright• Content – Adapted from Further Education National Consortium
(FENC)o Support the Health, Safety and Security of the Salon
Environmento This document is an amended version of resource commissioned,
produced and supplied by FENC. Copyright in the resource is the property of FENC save in relation to the additional resources used by us which are clearly identified. No part of the document may be reproduced in any material form or sold, supplied or loaned to any third party without the prior written consent of the FENC Board of Trustees. Warning: 'Infringement of Copyright is a civil and criminal offence.'
Imageso Bacteria
© Institut National Agronomique, Paris-Grignonhttp://www.affect.org/
o Fungi© Copyright 1995-2004 by Thomas J. VolkDepartment of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
o First Aid Kit © The American Red Cross
Acknowledgements & CopyrightAcknowledgements & Copyright• Images (continued)
o Ringworm© Dr. Dubinhttp://www.skinatlas.com/
o Impetigo © Medical Journal of Australia http://www.mja.com.auGottlieb T et al. Soft tissue, bone and joint infections. MJA 2002; 176: 609-615. 8Copyright 2002. The Medical Journal of Australia - reproduced with permission.
o Scabies © Dr. Dubinhttp://www.skinatlas.com/
o Eczema© Emuologyhttp://www.emuology.co.nz
Acknowledgements & CopyrightAcknowledgements & Copyright
• Images (continued)o Alopecia
© Dr. Dubinhttp://www.skinatlas.com/
o Folliculitis © University of California Davis http://www.ucdavis.edu
o In-growing hair © Lifestyle laser clinics http://www.lifestylelaser.com.au
o Autoclave © Narang Enterprises http://narang.com
Acknowledgements & CopyrightAcknowledgements & Copyright• Video Clips
Wirral Metropolitan College Studentso Heather Bello Donna Evanso Rochelle Gavino Hannah Joneso Ellen Kennyo Sarah PritchardWirral Metropolitan College Staffo Joyce Tyrero Jenny Gooderham
• Design and Layouto WMC Learning Materials Unit
END OF PRESENTATIONEND OF PRESENTATION