Workshop B
Best Practices in Energy Management &
Efficiency ... Reducing Your Energy Usage & Costs
1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m.
Biographical Information
Alan R. Neuner, Vice President Facilities Operations Geisinger, 100 North Academy Ave., Danville, PA 17822
570-271-5515 Fax: 570-214-2570 [email protected]
Alan R. Neuner, a native of Nazareth, Pennsylvania, received his mechanical engineering degree from Drexel University and worked for several years in the steel and air separation industries. In 1988 he joined the Facilities Operations staff of the Geisinger Health System, an integrated health system with facilities dispersed across a 31-county service area in central and northeastern Pennsylvania. As Vice President for Facilities Operations, Al is responsible for over 300 employees servicing a physical plant of over 10 million square feet. The main campus in Danville realized a significant energy savings because Al and his staff devised a creative strategy to manage energy resources, which resulted in a 40% reduction in overall energy consumption per square foot, including chilled water storage, cogeneration, and LEED commitment. Most recently, the site scored a perfect 100 on EPA’s Energy Star. Al has won many awards for his achievements. He received the prestigious 2002 Fame Award of Excellence from the Association of Facilities Engineers for his work on legionella remediation, the Chesapeake Bay Foundation awarded him the 2000 Businesses for the Bay Award for large business for pollution prevention and energy reduction, and the 2012 Donald M. Sauerman Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Field of Health Facility Engineering.
Tom Cosgro, Energy Engineer, CLEAResult, 3 Park Plaza, Suite 100, Reading PA 19610 610-790-8790 x310 [email protected]
Tom Cosgro has worked as an Engineer in the Energy Efficiency industry in Pennsylvania since 2012. He began his career in the industry working for several smaller Energy Efficiency Consulting firms in Pittsburgh, focusing primarily on building energy audits, retrocommissioning, and efficiency program marketing. In 2015, he joined CLEAResult, a leading provider of Energy Efficiency services in North America. As an Energy Engineer, Tom is responsible for supervising a team of engineers that verifies savings in the Commercial and Industrial Act 129 efficiency programs for PPL Electric Utilities. He continues to perform energy audits, facility assessments, and also works to expand program offerings to PPL customers. Tom is a graduate of Carnegie Mellon University with a M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering and has a B.S. in Civil Engineering from the State University of New York at Buffalo.
Bud Fogleman, Sr. Market Outreach Specialist, PPL Business Rebate Program 3 Park Plaza Suite 101, Wyomissing, PA 19610
814-660-2185 [email protected].
Bud has been involved with delivering Energy Efficiency Programs since 2013. He works closely with contractors and customers to navigate the rebate program and assists them with the identification of efficient improvements that can be made at their facilities and the application of the rebate programs for their projects. Prior to joining the Energy Efficiency industry he has spent time in construction, project management, maintenance and inspection; providing a wide perspective to the projects he works on. He has worked to establish specialty channels in the PPL program in Phase 3; the introduction of Advanced Lighting Controls where he has helped to prove the greater benefit of these systems, which has allowed the payment of a higher incentive rate than that of standard lighting systems. Additionally in Compressed Air where he has helped to incorporate additional control measures to prescriptive small horsepower system rebates, champion it’s inclusion into the Direct Discount Program and lead the development and implementation of a leak repair program. And most recently introduced and help to organize a Compressed Air Challenge Course.
Business Energy Efficiency Program
Thinking Beyond the Bulb: Advanced LightingNovember 7, 2017
pplelectric.com/businessrebates
Energy Efficiency Programs brought to you by:
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Agenda
• Defining Advanced Lighting Controls (ALC)
• Introducing More Control over your lighting
• Simplified system setup and operation
• Comprehensive systems and benefits
• Highlighting Benefits, Examples and Savings
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Meet the Presenters
Tom CosgroPPL Business Energy Efficiency ProgramEnergy Engineer
Bud FoglemanPPL Business Energy Efficiency ProgramSenior Market Outreach Specialist
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Shrinking Bull’s Eye – Looking Ahead
• Stricter building energy codes• Federal standards for lamps/luminaires• Bundle system cost with upgraded fixtures• Cost-effectiveness cliffs – Largest savings is available now
=LED to LED savings will result in lower savings per project
Less low-hanging fruit in the future
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Advanced Lighting Controls
An integrated system of sensors, network interfaces, and software designed to directly control lighting equipment with a full range of proven control strategies.
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Motion Sensor ≠ Occupancy Sensor
Image Source: Lowe’s, Lutron
Motion Sensors• Vacancy sensors detect motion
only• Minimal controllability• Simplest sensor
Occupancy Sensors• Utilize multiple technologies to
detect occupancy• Passive Infrared• Ultrasonic (sound)• Motion
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Lighting Control Strategy Layering
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
LEDs + Task Tuning + Per fixture Occ Sensors +Daylighting sensors
LEDs + Task Tuning + Zoned Occ Sensors + Daylightingsensors
LEDs + Task Tuning + Occ Sensors
LEDs + Task Tuning + Daylighting sensors
LED + Task Tuning
LED Retrofit
Baseline
Energy Usage
kWh
36% - 85% Lighting Savings by layering
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Advance Your Savings with Integrated Lighting Controls
Example: 24/7 Manufacturing facility
• T8 and T5’s were changed to LED’s with Advanced Lighting Controls
The advanced lighting control system provided:
• Dimming control• Step back dimming to off• Daylighting control• Occupancy mapping
Savings:1,302,859 kWh/yr.(214,191 kWh from the controls)$104,228/yr.
Payback: 1.8 yrs.
Rebate: $78,170($12,850 from the controls)
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PPL Program Requirements
What qualifies a system to be an Advanced Lighting Control system? Networking of all fixtures Addressability of all fixtures Occupancy sensors Daylight harvesting (where applicable) Must be able to create subzones within the project Continuous dimming Data export capabilities Pre-approval required
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Customer Value
Immediate benefits Energy savings and rebates offset incremental cost Better lighting quality Occupant Satisfaction – greater productivity Quick Design and Install
Long Term Value Better payback over system lifetime Long term savings Reduced Maintenance Increased Flexibility Higher building valuation
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What is a chiller?
A chiller is a device that uses refrigerant to transfer heat from a lower temperature source to a higher temperature source using refrigerant as the exchange media
The refrigerants lower boiling point utilizes phase change (gas to liquid) to accomplish this task
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Flows and temperatures Generally, chillers are
designed for 2 GPM of evaporator flow (chilled water) and 3 GPM of condenser flow
Chilled water leaving temperatures are 42 degrees and entering temperatures are 54 degrees (12 degree T)
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Energy Source
SteamHigh pressure absorptionLow pressure absorptionSteam turbine chiller
Natural gasDirect fire absorptionEngine driven centrifugal
ElectricCentrifugalScrewScrollReciprocating
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Relative Operating Costs
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Cooling Costs Per Ton
Low PressureAbsorberHigh PressureAbsorberTurbine Absorber
Electric Chiller
Off Peak Electric
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Operating Efficiency
Regardless of what energy source is selected, efficiency should be determined for site specific operating conditions (partial load conditions as well as condensing temperature variations)
Generally IPLV is a better measure for actual operating conditions for chiller applications than NPLV
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Thermal Lift
The amount of energy to create cooling is proportional to the differential temperature.
Example: creating 42°chilled water with 85 °condensing water uses more energy than using 75 ° condensing water.
75º
85 º
42 º
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Condenser Options
Air cooled – approach based on ambient temperatureNo pumping horsepower required
Water cooled – approach based on wet bulb temperatureWet bulb normally significantly lower than dry
bulb One degree of condensing temperature
equals 2% of compressor horsepower
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Cooling Towers
Cross flowMost common
Counter flowLower fan
horsepowerNo icing problemsVariable flow
Closed circuitLess water treatmentMore control devicesLeast efficient
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Condenser Water Temperature
Lower normally betterMost cooling towers set for 85°FMost towers designed for 10° approach to wet
bulb Lowering set point to 60° will reduce chiller
horsepower 30% when obtainable Installing 5° approach towers will lower chiller
power consumption 10 to 15% or increase capacity accordingly
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Cooling Tower Control
Tower designed for specific approach to wet bulb (5°)
If tower set point is 60°, many days the tower is incapable of achieving this, wasting fan horsepower
By installing wet bulb control, fan horsepower is reduced by 50%
Variable flow towers allow multiple chiller/tower combinations to promote peak chiller efficiency and minimize fan horsepower
Chiller Plant
Chiller Plant5,100 Tons
Electric Centrifugal
(4)900-Ton
Steam Turbine1,500 Ton
Thermal Storage8,000 Ton-Hours
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Off Peak Storage
At night, condensing temperatures are lower Cooling loads are also generally decreasedBy providing storage capacity (i.e. chilled water
storage tank), chillers can be loaded at night, cooling the tank, for use the following day
Reduces the required installed tonnage and peak electrical demand
Economics
Thermal StorageOn vs. Off-Peak
Off-Peak = 30% of Peak$35,000/Year
Improved Efficiency4% Improvement
$20,000/Year
Demand Response1.5 MW / PJM$75,000/Year
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$/M
Wh
PPL Day-Ahead Historic Electric Cost (7/10/12 - 7/14/12)
Time of Day
Economics
Peak Load Shaving
Shifting Load to Off PeakNon-Electric Cooling
$350,000/Year
Total Savings$480,000/Year
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Optimization Strategies
Condenser water temperatureCooling tower controlDischarge resetSuper CycleOff peak storageVariable chilled water flow
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Discharge Reset
If ambient outdoor temperatures or humidity's are low, chilled water discharge temperatures can be increased
As with condenser water changes, increasing chilled water temperature by 1° decreases power consumed by 3%
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Waterside Economizer
If there is a cooling load in colder outdoor temperatures, a plate frame heat exchanger can utilize condenser water to cool chilled water
Our experience results in savings of about 1500 chiller hours per year
All other auxiliaries required (cooling tower fans, condenser pumps, & chilled water pumps)
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Variable Chilled Water Flow
Under partial load conditions, full chilled water flow is not required
Pumping horsepower can be conserved by reducing flow to maintain a constant T across the evaporator or P at a point in the system
Requires replacement of 3 way valves with 2 way for optimum efficiency
Saving Energy, Saves Lives3 Million People
Premature Death 6Chronic Bronchitis 4
Hospital Visits 6
Asthma Attacks 129
Respiratory Symptoms 6160
Work Loss Days 1136
Societal Value $47,943,013
Direct Medical Costs $5,971,041
Based on systemwide energy savings of $15,000,000 annually
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CONTACT INFORMATION
Tom CosgroPPL Business Energy Efficiency Program EngineerPhone: 610-790-8790 [email protected]
pplelectricutilities.com/businessrebates
Bud FoglemanPPL Business Energy Efficiency ProgramSenior Market Outreach SpecialistPhone: [email protected]