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Workshop Report
DOSI Day 2017: Updates and future directions for science-policy engagement to safeguard the deep ocean and
enable sustainable use
27 August 2017, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA
DOSI Day meeting participants (see Appendix 2)
DOSI Day 2017 Workshop supported by:
Report written by DOSI Day Presenters (in order of appearance): Lisa Levin, Kristina Gjerde, Harriet Harden-Davies, Nadine Le Bris, Les Watling, Matt Gianni, Ashley Rowden, Maria Baker, Suzanne Garrett, Bronwen Currie,
Verena Tunnicliffe
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DOSI Day 2017 bought together 100 participants to discuss science-policy engagement to safeguard the deep ocean and enable sustainable use. The workshop, sponsored by JM Kaplan Fund, enabled participants to share information and ideas about deep-ocean stewardship activities, across all current DOSI themes. Presentations of DOSI activities since 2015 highlighted the acceleration and expansion of DOSI’s operations and outputs. Participants were encouraged to engage in DOSI events and working group activities. Future DOSI activities were planned through break-out discussion sessions. It was agreed that there is a need to re-assess the current DOSI governance and organisation structure in order to streamline operations across the increasingly complex portfolio of DOSI’s activities. The DOSI Day workshop was followed by a special session at the Chemosynthetic-Based Ecosystems meeting on 28/08/2017, also held in Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and sponsored by JM Kaplan Fund, which hosted an excellent range of invited talks on chemosynthetic habitats and society.
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INTRODUCTION DOSI Day 2017 brought together 100 participants (Appendix 2) from a variety of disciplines and countries (25) to deliberate on key issues relating to deep-ocean stewardship. The objectives of the workshop were to: *Share information about recent, on-going and planned deep-sea stewardship activities *Update the scientific community on DOSI funding and structure *Engage as many new and existing DOSI participants as possible *Develop new directions and DOSI activities for the future *Develop working group goals and action planning
DOSI current working group leads delivered presentations to inform participants about activities since the last DOSI-wide meeting held in Aveiro, Portugal in August 2015. These presentations were given on the morning of the meeting, as per Agenda (Appendix 3). All latest working group activities can be viewed on the DOSI website (www.dosi-project.org). The following summarises items from the morning session (acronym list at end – Appendix 1): Current DOSI membership: 512 members from 40 countries; 11 working groups
DOSI Operations and Products via:
workshops publications (peer-reviewed papers and contributions to high-level reports) webinars guidance and stakeholder response, surveys UN input including policy briefs and side-events (e.g. BBNJ, ISA, SDG14, UNFCC, IPCC,
FAO, UNGA) training courses resource provision (e.g. online deep-sea mining and climate change bibliographies) communications via website (translated to 16 languages so far), mailing list and twitter
(@deepstewardship) DOSI promotional materials (brochures, banner, standardized templates etc.)
Highlights for Aug 2015 – Aug 2017:
Numerous peer-reviewed publications and reports from working groups (see website for details and links)
Workshops (e.g. EREGS - review of draft environmental regulations for deep-sea mining of the ISA; FAO/DOSI deep-sea climate change, fish and fisheries)
Policy briefs and side events at UN: BBNJ PrepComm 2, 3 and 4; survey of scientific attitudes on marine genetic resources
Side events and UN Voluntary commitments: UN Ocean Conference Side event and participation at annual session and workshops: ISA Side events and press conferences at UNFCCC COP 21 (Paris) and COP 22 (Marrakesh) UN General Assembly review of actions taken to protect deep-sea species and
ecosystems in ABNJ and new resolution talking for further actions Training: Namibian benthos training week Survey on best practices for access and benefit sharing of marine genetic resources in
ABNJ Survey on minimizing and addressing ocean acidification for UN Oceans Meeting, DOSI
Side event ‘Deep-sea science for sustainable development’.
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Input to Technical Abstracts for UN First World Ocean Assessment deep-sea chapters DOSI special sessions and attendance at key meetings (e.g. CBE6, AAAS, WCMB, IOC-
UNESCO Assembly; UMI, SEMPIA, ISA workshops, RFMO, UNGA fisheries negotiations, relevant research project meetings such as MIDAS and JPI Oceans etc.)
New DOSI affiliations (e.g. DOOS, MBON, GESAMP, IPBES, UN WOA, GOBI, IMO, Galathea, PICES, IOC International Ocean Decade, Deep-Sea Biology Society, SUT, InterRidge, NOAA-OER, Research programmes e.g. Atlas, Sponges, JPI Oceans, AtlanTOS, Sense Ocean, MERCES, CoralFish).
Funding News
Since August 2015 many DOSI activities have been made possible by financial support from: JM Kaplan Fund, University of Southampton, Fondation Total (via INDEEP), The Pew Charitable Trusts, UN FAO and Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
DOSI has been awarded £400,000 from Arcadia for the next 5 years (2017-2022), to support secretariat activities to formalize organization and expand membership base across all DOSI activities, ensure scientific input to development of UN BBNJ treaty and ISA mining regulations, and to host workshops, enable travel to key meetings and cover costs for open access publications. . Arcadia was founded by Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin, and supports charities and scholarly institutions that preserve endangered culture and nature, and promote open access.
Planned Upcoming DOSI Events Workshop to draft EIA template for use by RFMOs in managing their deep-sea bottom
trawl fisheries (Darling Marine Center, Aug 29-30 2017) DOSI Attendance at UMI Annual Meeting (Sept 2017, Berlin) Invited attendance at ISA workshop on spatial planning within mining sites (PRZ/IRZs)
meeting (Sept 2017, Berlin) DOSI speaker at Our Ocean Conference organized by the European Commission (October
2017, Malta) DOSI participation at COP23 Oceans Day and other events (Nov 2017, Bonn) Ocean Sciences - Societal Applications of Deep Ocean Observations (Feb 2018, Portland) Special DOSI Session at World Conference of Marine Biodiversity (May 2018, Montreal) Special DOSI Session (The deep ocean under climate change) at Effects of Climate
Change on the World’s Oceans (ECCWO), June 4-8, 2018, Washington DC. DOSI attendance at International Marine Conservation Congress (June 2018, Malaysia) Special DOSI Session at 15th Deep-Sea Biology Symposium (Sept 2018, Monterey) Our Ocean Conference (dates TBD) Future BBNJ Treaty Negotiations (dates TBD)
New DOSI Organisation
The current governance and organisational structure of DOSI will be examined in the coming months and input will be sought from DOSI membership as to the best way to proceed. We will consider: DOSI’s mission, values and objectives The pressing deep-ocean priorities that DOSI should contribute to Formalisation and reassessment of DOSI’s existing governance structure, personnel,
roles and responsibilities, terms of reference, and other related issues Streamlining working group operations Streamlining communication operations Development of new working groups, possible amalgamation or termination of existing
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working groups Streamlining engagement and collaboration within the deep-sea science community
with respect to stewardship, across the wider community, within DOSI (including between working groups)
Increasing engagement and membership from developing countries, different scientific disciplines, different sectors and early career scientists
DOSI Working Groups - Looking Forward Some of the DOSI working groups (Minerals, Oil and Gas, Climate Change, Fisheries and Policy) convened breakout sessions during the afternoon to discuss future plans. Each group was asked to consider: future directions, pressing issues, science-policy processes to engage in, cross-cutting issues and how to integrate across working groups, proactive targets, identification of policy gaps and how to fill, capacity development workshop need, measures of success, communications strategy for group and across groups. Priority points/activities identified within each working group are given below. Also note going forward we may remove, consolidate or add working groups. Minerals Working Group (107 members)
1. Address the ISA call for input to the new Draft Exploitation Regulations with attention to the questions posed by the Legal and Technical Commission. Deadline 17 Nov 2017 – WG call for individual members to work on EIS section (15 pages)
2. Develop a report requested by PEW Charitable Trusts: “The scientific basis for environmental rule making at the ISA”
3. DOSI representation at UMI Annual Meeting (Sept 2017, Berlin) 4. Invited representation at ISA’s PRZ/IRZ meeting (Sept 2017, Berlin) 5. Explore working directly with country delegates at the ISA – ISA regulations will be
applicable as a minimum to member states within their own jurisdictional waters also 6. Assess plans for a possible workshop on plume impacts of deep-sea mining
Oil and Gas Working Group (74 members)
1. Broad stakeholder workshop to look at science required and recommendations from the review – to identify science-based knowledge that is needed for developing or modifying regulations as well as guidelines for and evaluation of environmental impact assessments– invitees from across disciplines
2. Additional workshop to develop capacity to design and implement environmental impact assessments for offshore oil and gas industrial activities in developing nations – proposed host: Trinidad
3. Assess the applicability of existing oil and gas assessments and regulations for offshore gas hydrate resources
4. Establish collaborative relationship with International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA)
5. Promote collaborative efforts to increase research in the following areas: a. Effects of sound on fish and invertebrates b. Effects of impacts on processes at microbial level c. Interactions between climatic variables and drilling impacts d. In situ and ex situ studies of effects of dispersants on deep-sea organisms e. Recovery studies f. Cumulative effect studies g. More studies to determine distance of set-back and buffer zones h. Robust approaches for biodiversity assessment using meta-barcoding/eDNA
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6. Encourage responsible development by promoting cost-effective MPA design, encouraging the use of VME and EBSA concepts, providing examples of good adaptive management and examples of levels of acceptable change.
Climate Change Working Group (74 members)
1. Work on FAO-DOSI collaboration report – Climate change impacts on deep-sea habitats, fish and fisheries (2017 completion)
2. Organisation of special DOSI Session (The deep ocean under climate change) at Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Oceans (ECCWO), June 2018, Washington DC
3. Further writing plans a. Review paper (title to be refined) Beyond observed/forecast changes: mechanisms, rates and correlation between climate stressors in the deep-sea. b. Deep-blue carbon - a policy brief (to start with the assessment of sources/sinks)
4. Develop the Zotero-based deep-sea climate change bibliography and work on indexing papers (region/stressor/ecosystem/species)
5. Continued policy work (with Oceans and Climate Platform and others) to raise awareness of deep ocean in climate change via meeting attendance, reports and assessments at UNFCCC COPs, IPCC Oceans, CBD, SDG14, IPBES and EU initiatives, WCMC, DOOS, IMO, ISA
6. Engage with UN WOA II 7. Enhance public awareness of the role of deep-sea ecosystems in global climate change –
via media, blogs and other channels 8. Continue to promote dedicated ecological studies (international and interdisciplinary
collaborations) and connect with deep-ocean observing strategies and initiatives Fisheries Working Group (40members)
1. Workshop to draft EIA template for use by RFMOs in managing their deep-sea bottom trawl fisheries (Darling Marine Center, Aug 29-30 2017)
2. Further reviews and input to RFMOs and UNGA on conducting EIAs, identifying vulnerable marine ecosystems and other issues related to the implementation of UNGA deep-sea fisheries resolutions in the lead up to 2020 – the year of the next UNGA review of deep-sea fisheries
3. Adapt UNGA/RFMO approach to protecting vulnerable deep seabed ecosystems to ISA regulations on deep-sea mining regulations (underway)
4. Contribute to the DOSI/FAO report on climate change, VMEs and deep-sea fisheries 5. Link with BBNJ/Implementing agreement negotiations – conservation of biodiversity in
ABNJ in relation to deep-sea fisheries 6. Support deep sea implementation of SDG 14.2 “By 2020, sustainably manage and protect
marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans”
7. Can DOSI facilitate Data Poor programs via RFMOs? Deep-Sea Genetic Resources Working Group (87 members)
1. Explore new working group leadership and membership 2. Re-visit MGR in ABNJ questions raised by 2016 survey
a. Access – code of conduct? Facilitating scientific research? b. Data and samples c. Capacity Development d. Expand focus of WG to include areas within national jurisdiction? Facilitate
addressing issues such as Genetic sequence data?
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3. Cross-cutting issues: funding, institutional frameworks, enabling policy environments for interdisciplinary, international and cross-sectoral collaboration
Knowledge Gaps and Global Ocean Assessments Working Group
1. Identify new leadership for working group 2. Identify major ocean assessments, their scope, how the deep ocean is included and
current adequacy of representation (topics and experts) and active contributors. e.g. WOA1. Members now poised to input to 2nd UN World Ocean Assessment
3. Continue to increase awareness among both deep-sea scientific community and organizations developing assessments of need for input because of the varied and critical role of deep-sea
4. Workshop to organize deep-ocean inputs to assessments, conduct knowledge gap analysis (linkages with all WGs e.g deoxygenation, plumes, pollution) and develop recommendations to rectify gaps. Consideration of adequacy of deep-sea representation in processes (topics and expert representation)
DSTD Working Group (75 members)
1. Identify new lead or co-lead for working group 2. Submit DSTD paper – September (lead Lindsay Vare) 3. Progress forward with participation in the newly formed GESAMP (Joint Group of Experts
on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection) Working Group on the impacts of wastes and other matter in the marine environment from mining operations, including deep-sea mining (WG 42, http://www.gesamp.org/newly-established-gesamp-working-group), led by Dr Tracy Shimmield.
New Technology Working Group (18 members)
1. Work continues on development of software to bridge gap between high quality video data collected in situ and currently available cloud-based image annotation tools, and on easily implementable protocols for meta-barcoding analyses of deep sea meiofauna.
Policy Working Group (30 members)
1. Determine role within DOSI framework 2. How will DOSI engage in IOC International Decade of Ocean Science? Statement of
support that includes role of social sciences (long vs short term tradeoffs in decision making).
3. Need to translate science papers for policy makers and other stakeholders 4. Assess what policy makers may need from DOSI community? 5. Is there a way to gauge effectiveness? Is there a results framework which could account
for DOSI input? 6. Explore ECOSOC Status at UN – application status? 7. Role at 2018 Our Ocean Conference (USA)
Capacity Development Working Group
1. Identify areas across DOSI where it may be useful to develop concerted CD efforts and take these forward
2. Capacity development is a cross-cutting activity which should be, and is, integrated into every WG. Therefore is there a specific role for the WG? To prioritize CD efforts?
Communications Working Group
3. Develop new communications strategy (as outlined above)
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Additional discussion points
Deep-sea data sharing and sensor technology – Torsten Thiele introduced deep ocean data platforms: DOOS, Atlantos, NEKTON OCTOPUS (Ocean Tool for Public Understanding and Science), Ocean Data Alliance (surface ocean) and sensor technologies – all of which DOSI needs to be aware of as we engage in BBNJ and other processes
Ocean Financial Architecture – how to move forward as part of sustainable planet. Lack of taxonomic knowledge is a major obstacle to achieving stewardship Pelagic and bathypelagic realms need further inclusion – e.g. WHOI initiative for
mesopelagic monitoring. NOAA Water column exploration initiative; potential DOSI workshop on impacts of seabed mining on meso and bathypelagic ecosystems
Biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ): deep ocean science is needed to inform the development of the BBNJ instrument (area-based management tools, environmental impact assessments, marine genetic resources, and technology transfer and capacity building) DOSI can inform the international deliberations on these issues
APPENDIX 1: LIST OF ACRONYMS
AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science
ABNJ Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction
BBNJ Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
CBE Chemosynthesis-Based Ecosystems
COP UN Climate Change Conference
CoralFISH Ecosystem-based management of coral, fish and fisheries in deep waters of Europe and beyond
DOOS Deep Ocean Observing Strategy
EBSA Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Area
ECCWO Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Oceans
ECOSOC United Nations Economic and Social Council
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations
GESAMP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection
GOBI Global Ocean Biodiversity Initiative
IMO International Maritime Organisation
INDEEP International network for scientific investigation of deep-sea ecosystems
InterRidge International corporation in Ridge Crest Studies
IOC-UNESCO The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
IPBES The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
IPCC International Panel on Climate Change
IPIECA International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association
IRZ Impact Reference Zone
ISA International Seabed Authority
JPI OCEANS The Joint Programming Initiative Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans
MBON Marine Biodiversity Observation Network
MERCES Marine Ecosystem Restoration in Changing Seas
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MGR Marine Genetic Resources
MIDAS Managing Impacts of Deep-seA reSource exploitation
MPA Marine Protected Area
NOAA OER National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration – Office for Ocean Exploration and Research
PICES The North Pacific Marine Science Organization
PRZ Preservation Reference Zone
RFMO Regional Fisheries Management Organisation
SDG14 Sustainable Development Goal 14
SEMPIA Strategic Environmental Management Plan for deep seabed mineral exploration and exploitation in the Atlantic basin
SUT Society for Underwater Technology
UMI Underwater Mining Institute
UN WOA United National World Ocean Assessment
UNFCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNGA United Nations General Assembly
WCMB World Conference on Marine Biodiversity
WCMC The Marine Programme of the UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre
APPENDIX 2: PARTICIPANTS Full Name: Affiliation: Country
Abbie Chapman University of Southampton UK
Adelaide Rhodes Oregon State University USA
Adrian Glover Natural History Museum, London UK
Adriana Gaytan-Caballero Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
Alanna Durkin Temple University USA
Alison Swaddling Australia Australia
Amanda Netburn NOAA and HBOI/FAU USA
Amber Cobley University of Southampton UK
Ana Colaço MARE-IMAR-UAz Portugal
Ana Hilário University of Aveiro Portugal
Ana Loiloi Fekau Tonga Tonga
Andrew Kenny NAFO (EU-UK) FAO UK
Andrey Gebruk P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Russia
Andy Matkin Gardline UK
Anthony Brian Thompson FAO Sweden
Aria Ritz Finkelstein MIT USA
Arlo Hemphill DSM Observer USA
Ashley Rowden NIWA NZ
Bai Li FAO - NPFC USA
Breezy Grenier University of Rhode Island USA
Bronwen Currie NatMIRC Namibia
Charles Moore The J.M. Kaplan Fund USA
Cherisse Du Preez Pennsylvania State University USA
Chi Lin Wei National Taiwan University Taiwan
Chris Jones NOAA USA
Christian Borowski Max Planck Institute Germany
Clifton C Nunnally Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium USA
Colleen Kavanagh Harvard USA
Costantino Vetriani Rutgers University USA
Craig McClain Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium USA
Dimitri Kalenitchenko UPMC & ULAVAL Canada
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Dionysis Foustoukos Carnegie Institution of Washington USA
Diva Amon Natural History Museum, London Trinidad
Fabio C. De Leo Ocean Networks Canada Canada
Fengping Wang Shanghai JiaoTong University China
Florian Goetz WHOI USA
Francoise Gaill CNRS France
Gollner Sabine NIOZ Netherlands
Harriet Harden-Davies University of Woollongong & DOSI Australia
Heather Olins Boston College USA
Hiroko Muraki Gottieb Mexico Mexico
Hiromi Kayama Watanabe JAMSTEC Japan
Holly Bik UC Riverside USA
Jennifer Le Scripps Institution of Oceanography USA
Jesper Boje FAO - NEAFC Denmark
Jesús Pineda WHOI USA
Jill R. Bourque US Geological Survey USA
Joan Manel Alfaro Lucas Ifremer France
Joana R. Xavier University of Bergen Norway
Judith Gobin University of the West indies Trinidad
Julia Machon UPMC France
Juliana Leonard University of South Florida USA
Julie Huber WHOI USA
Katherine Sosebee FAO – NAFO USA
Kecen Zhou Texas A&M USA
Klaas Gerdes Senckenberg Research Institute Germany
Kristina M Gjerde DOSI & IUCN USA
Lan Yi Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
Lauren Mullineaux WHOI USA
Les Watling University of Hawaii USA
Lisa Levin Scripps Institution of Oceanography USA
Luoliang Xu FAO - SPRFMO China
Maria Baker University of Southampton & DOSI UK
Marie Portaill France France
Martin Cryer FAO - SPRFMO NZ
Matt Gianni DSCC Nethrlands
Matthew Davidson The J.M. Kaplan Fund USA
Maxim Rubin-Blum Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology Germany
Megan Jungwiwattanaporn Pew Charitable Trusts USA
Michael Sean Heard Snow University of Edinburgh UK
Mohamed Jebbar University of Brest France
Nadine Le Bris Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 France
Olivia Soares Pereira Scripps Institution of Oceanography USA
Paul Kainge FAO - SEAFO Namibia
Pellizari Instituto Oceanografico Universidade de Sao Paulo Brazil
Phillip Turner Duke University USA
Porter Hoagland WHOI USA
Rachel E Boschen University of Victoria Canada
Robert S Carney Louisiana State University USA
Rose Kautoke Tonga Tonga
Roxanne Beinart University of Rhode Island USA
Sandor Mulsow International Seabed Authority Jamaica
Sarah Seabrook CEOAS, Oregon State University USA
Sebastien Duperron Universite Pierre et Marie Curie France
Se-Jong Ju Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology South Korea
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Stace Beaulieu WHOI USA
Stefan Sievert WHOI USA
Stephanie Sharuga NASEM USA
Susan Mills WHOI USA
Suzanne Garrett Consortium for Ocean Leadership USA
Telmo Morato IMAR U Azores Portugal
Timothy M. Shank WHOI USA
Torsten Thiele LSE USA
Tresa Remya A Thomas National Institute of Oceanography India
Verena Tunnicliffe University of Victoria, Canada Canada
Vika Sivoki Soakai Tonga Tonga
Vivian Pellizari Instituto Oceanografico Universidade de Sao Paulo Brazil
William Cheung University of British Columbia Canada
Won-Kyung Lee Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology South Korea
Xiang Xiao Shanghai JiaoTong University China
DOSI DAY Updates and future direction for the Deep Ocean Stewardship
Initiative
AGENDA
08:45 Arrive at Clark Lab Lobby 09:00 DOSI – The Jirst 4 years (Lisa Levin/Kristina Gjerde) 09:20 New DOSI opportunities & directions -‐ Part 1 (Maria Baker/Harriet Harden-‐
Davies) 09:30 Climate WG updates (Nadine Le Bris) 09:45 Fisheries WG updates (Les Watling/Matt Gianni) 10:00 Deep-‐Sea Genetic Resources WG updates (Harriet Harden-‐Davies) 10:10 Oil & Gas WG updates (Ashley Rowden) 10:20 Deep-‐Sea Tailings Disposal WG updates (Maria Baker) 10:30 Coffee Break 10:45 Policy WG updates (Suzanne Garrett) 11:00 New Technologies, Capacity Development, Knowledge Gaps & Communication
WG updates (Maria Baker & Bronwen Currie) 11:10 Minerals WG updates (Verena Tunnicliffe) 11:30 Synergies & linkages between WGs & external groups (INDEEP, DOOS, others)
(Lisa Levin) 11:40 New DOSI directions & discussion – Part 2 (Harriet Harden-‐Davies) 12:15 Lunch (Provided) 13:00 Breakout – WG Planning Activities 15:30 Coffee Break 16:00 Plenary reports on breakout activities & Jinal discussions 17:00 Meeting end and coach to CBE6 events
Location: WHOI Clark Lab NO. 507 Date: Sunday 27th August 2017