WORLD BANKAVIAN INFLUENZA SIMULATION EXERCISEExploring Cross-Sectoral Communications
Background
Avian Influenza in Africa Role of the Africa Avian Influenza Task Force Funding Availability Africa Country Programs Collaboration between ESSD, HNP &
Communications Capacity Building of Staff through Workshop
Strengthening technical capacity Improving cross-sectoral collaboration
interactive role-play Ministry exercise
Introductions
National Plans-AI Simulations Orientation Table-top exercise Drill Functional exercise Full-scale exercise
Scope of AI Simulations
Outbreak and/or Pandemic
Orientation
An introduction to acquaint participants with: Planning Process Overview of the National Plan Procedures Equipment
Group setting Little or no simulation Discussion possible, but not interactive Best for ensuring that personnel
understand their roles and responsibilities
Table-Top Exercises
Interactive learning exercise Facilitated analysis of a simulated emergency
situation, based on existing operational plans Informal and stress-free environment Designed to elicit constructive discussion as
participants: Act out critical steps Recognize difficulties Resolve problems
Best for familiarizing with roles, demonstrating proper coordination, examining logic of plans and integrating new policies into the decision making process
Drills
Coordinated and Supervised activity
Focuses on only a small part of the integrated national plan
Tests a operation or function onsite
Culling Drill
Functional Exercise
Emergency simulation
Interactive under medium stress
May be cross-sectoral
Designed to test the capability of an organization
Held in emergency agency environment Field operations
simulated through messages
Best for training and evaluating operations and management.
Full Scale Exercise
Mobilizes several components of the plan simultaneously
Simulates a real event as closely as possible by including a field component
Designed to evaluate on-scene management and operational capacity of systems with command center coordination
Highly stressful environment Serves to evaluate entire plan
Time & Preparation Required Orientation
2 weeks; participants need no prior training Table-Top Exercise
1 month; scenario development, facilitator and evaluator training, participant selection
Drill 1 month; easy to design, participants need orientation
Functional Exercise 6-18 months; staff need experience in functions being
tested, controllers and evaluators training, prior drills Full-Scale Exercise
1-1 ½ years; prior table-top, drill and functional exercises
Business Continuity “Simulation” Corporate senior management Non-business groups represented:
Government, Healthcare, and International Organizations
Operations consequences and loss of income due to: Workforce shortages Supply chain disruptions
WB Avian Influenza Exercise
Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders Tabletop exercise
Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies
Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3)
Pandemic
Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact.
Role-Playing 101
Similar to acting, but more sincere Forget one’s actual position with WB or a
Partner Organization Imagine actually representing the
Ministry Embrace that perspective, limitations,
‘private’ agendas, etc. Be that other person for the exercise There are no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ behaviors
WB Avian Influenza Exercise
Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders Tabletop exercise
Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies
Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3)
Pandemic
Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact.
Zilmania
Suspension of disbelief semi-conscious decision in which you put
aside your disbelief and accept the premise as being real for the duration of the exercise
Country Narrative Visual Cues:
Flag Television Newscast
Assignments to Ministries
Scenario Variables
Remote village 30km from any city
Governed by headsman Diseased chickens from
backyard farm Child in contact with sick birds
is suspected case Neither media nor vet/health
infrastructure
Capitol of Baharu 4 million population
19 large commercial poultry farms and 600 small or middle-size farms
large-scale bird deaths among 40,000 chickens at one farm
Poultry worker suspected case Mass media and infrastructure
Rural Urban
How the Scenarios Differed
As in real life, the Ministries in the exercise were given different information and private agendas
‘PROPRIETARY’ information in different scenarios: Sector appropriate info Level of detail
AND Information on political sensitivities Information on power dynamics
MOA/MOH/MOC;Shareholders to Consider
Handout Ministries:
Agriculture Health Communications Army Transportation Finance Commerce Tourism Education
Other Government: President/Prime
Minister Parliament
Partner Organizations: FAO OiE WHO ALive CDC Unicef
World Bank Bilateral Donors Poultry Association Civil Society Groups
Progression of the Exercise
Materials Developed
Zilmania Narrative Flag TV Urban and Rural scenario
Background information for each ministry Commodity prices for budget preparation
List of Stakeholders Technical material binders Questions/Outputs to address Facilitation guidelines for execution of exercise
Progression of the Exercise
Progression of the Exercise
Outcomes
Reinforced knowledge of technical issues
Brought to the forefront the importance of inter-sectoral communications and collaboration
Saw the need for effective external communications
Nigeria AI Project
HPAI confirmed in Nigeria Feb. 2, 2006 Between Feb. 2006 and April 2007,
outbreaks in 84 localities in 24 states IDA loan of $50 million
Facility effective June 22, 2006 Emergency Multi-Sectoral Project:
Response and containment Control and Prevention Preparedness and Planning
Project Implementation Problems Supervision Mission in May 2007
indicated slow implementation due to: Project management structured under
existing and separate Agricultural and Health programs (FADAMA II and HSDP II)
Lack of effective Monitoring and Evaluation and no clear, prioritized action plans for the 3 components
Weak inter-ministerial collaboration Interventions not reaching the field level
Addressing the Sectoral Divide Workshop for Government Ministers,
Federal Sector Coordinators, and 74 State Officials AI simulation exercise will be used to help
strengthen AI technical plan and improve inter-sectoral collaboration
Comments; Questions, Discussion