What is Imperialism?
• Taking over another country• Late 1800’s-1914• Africa• India• Southeast Asia• Asia
Why Imperialism?
• God (Christianize)• Glory (Nationalism)• Technology (steamboat, guns, medicine)• Racism (Social Darwinism)• Industrialization (raw materials)
Forms of ImperialismForm Definition Example
Colony Governed internally by a foreign power
Somaliland
Protectorate Has its own internal government but under control of outside power
Niger
Sphere of Influence Outside power claims exclusive investment or trading rights
Liberia
Economic Imperialism Independent but less developed country controlled by private business
Hawaii
Imperial Management MethodsIndirect Direct
•Local government officials used•Limited self rule•Goal: to develop future leaders•Government based on European styles but local rules
•Foreign officials brought into rule•No self rule•Goal: assimilation•Government based on only European styles
Examples:•Nigeria•India•Burma•U.S. Pacific Islands
Examples:•Somaliland•Vietnam•German East Africa•Angola
Legacy of Imperialism
• Negative– Lost land &
independence– Disease=death– Famine (cash crops)– War– Culture collapsed– Tribal rivalry– New boundaries
• Positive– Reduced local warfare– Improved sanitation– Hospitals– Schools– Lifespan increase– Literacy increase– Economy increased– infrastructure
Africa
• Explored coast• Moved inward to Congo– Belgium– Dr. Livingstone
• All European Countries followed• Liberia and Ethiopia free
Africa
• Berlin Conference• South Africa– Zulus fight British– Boers farm– Diamonds & gold found– Boers fight British– British take South Africa
Muslim Lands
• Ottomans lose power• Geopolitics-Black Sea,
Mediterranean Sea• Crimean War- Russia
lost, Florence Nightingale
• Egypt-Suez Canal, British
• Persia-Iran, Afghanistan, economic imperialism
India
• Dutch East India Co.• British East India Co.• Sepoys• Jewel in the Crown• Sepoy Mutiny 1850• Direct control• Raj-racism• Nationalism-National Congress, Muslim League
Southeast Asia
• B/W Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean
• Dutch East Indies• British Malayan
Peninsula• French Indochina• Siam independent-King
Mongkut• USA-Philippines, Hawaii,
Guam, Puerto Rico
Japan
• Meji• Industrialization and
modernization• Attacks Korea• Sino-Japanese War• Russo-Japanese War