MUNICIPAL, SOLIDWASTE TREATMENT
OVERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc. And
The Pyromex Group
ILS, Inc copyright @ 2003 Rev 1.3
MISSIONSTATEMENT
To safeguard human health and the environment by using the latest technology to provide efficient and cost-effective, environmentally friendly industrial and domestic waste management and disposal.
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
WASTE STATISTICSIta
ly
Fran
ce
Spai
n
Ger
man
y
Gre
at B
ritai
n
Japa
n
Switz
erla
nd
Net
herla
nd
Can
ada
USA
Country
01002003004005006007008009001000
kilo
s in
198
9
ANNUAL WASTE ACCUMULATIONPER INHABITANT IN KILOS
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
WASTE STATISTICS
This picture illustrates the quantity of trash produced by an average
American family per year(over 3 tons)
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
COMPARISON OF AVAILABLE
TECHNOLOGIES
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc. And
The Pyromex Group
LANDFILL
Inexpensive, but most dangerous solution
Sooner or later uncontrolled chemical reactions will occur
Creation of explosive methane gases Great danger to ground water and the
environment
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
SANITIZEDLANDFILL
Costs are approx. US$ 40.-/ton Ground water decontamination partly
prevented by expensive lining system installed in the dump prior to filling
Monitoring of gases required for over 100 years
A Ground WaterB Compacted ClayC Plastic LinerD Leach Collection PipeE Geotextile MatF GravelG Drainage LayerH Soil LayerI Old CellsJ New CellsK Leach Pond
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
STANDARD INCINERATION
Proven technology for volume reduction Costs vary between US$ 200.-/ton and
US$ 600.-/ton Creation of air pollution and highly toxic
ashes Problematic disposal of created ashes
(approx. 25% of input)
AB
C
DE F G
A Waste Acceptance C Slag Remover E Drier G Active Carbon FilterB Combustion Chamber D Steam Boiler F Gas Scrubber
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
INCINERATIONWITH DIOXIN BREAKER
Proven technology for volume reduction
Air pollution is reduced at relatively high costs
Problem of highly toxic residue ashes remains
A Waste AcceptanceB IncineratorC Heat Recovery / BoilerD Gas Scrubber
A
BC
D
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
STANDARDPYROLYSIS
Relatively expensive Permanent operating problem with
tar and oils Problematic disposal of created char
residue (toxic)
Waste Reception Pyrolysis
Waste Water Treatment
Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals
SulfurSalts
Heavy Metals
Scrubber
Char
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
PLASMA ARC
Totally destroys all organics, but shows inefficient energy balance
Small throughput Expensive operation and maintenance,
approx. US$ 1000.-/ton
Power Supply
Power Supply
Cooled Field Coil Gas
Vortex Gas Injection Chamber
Starting Electrode
Rear Water
Cooling System
Rear Electrode
Insulator Front Electrode
Front Water
Cooling System
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
ULTRAHIGH TEMPERATUREPYROLYSIS-HYDROLYSIS
No residues or toxic emissions Great efficiency in recovering 100% of
the energy contained in waste materials Very economical
PYR MEXTM
PYR MEXTM1 Infeed2 Cooled infeed auger3 Reactor4 Pyrogas5 Solid particles outfeed6 Oxygen free storage
tanks
1
23
5
4
6
ILS, Inc.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc. And
The Pyromex Group
ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
FOR AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION
The German environmental standards for air pollution prevention are the most vigorous in the world:
Caln base : O2 Dust : 10 mg/Nm3 or less HCI : 10 mg/Nm3 or less SOx : 50 mg/Nm3 or less NOx : 200 mg/Nm3 or less CO : 50 mg/Nm3 or less Dioxin : 0.1 Ng-TEG/Nm3 or less Hg : 0.1 mg/Nm3 or less Cd : 0.1 mg/Nm3 or less Pd : 4 mg/Nm3 or less
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
EMISSION LIMITSFOR WASTE TREATMENT PLANTS
HCL (mg/Nm3)
HF (mg/Nm3)
SOx (mg/Nm3)
NOx (mg/Nm3)
CO (mg/Nm3)
Cd (mg/Nm3)
Hg (mg/Nm3)
Dioxin (TEQ-ng/Nm3)
50
---
100
240
100
0.1
0.1
0.1
50
2
300
---
100
---
---
0.1
24
---
30
514
63
---
---
0.1
30
2
300
350
---
0.1
0.1
0.1
41
---
100
200
---
---
---
---
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
LEGISLATION FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
AUSTRIA aims to ban landfill of organics (>5%) by 2004
SWITZERLAND bans landfill of combustible waste
FRANCE bans landfill of combustible waste by 2002
DENMARK bans landfill of combustible waste
NETHERLANDS bans landfill of combustible waste, paper and cardboard, municipal waste landfill is banned since 2000
GREAT BRITAIN targets recycling of 25%, currently achieves only 6%
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
ORGANICSREDUCTION
Pyromex guarantees the reduction of organics to less than >1%(German laws require >5%)
PYR MEXTM
ENERGY CONTAINED IN
WASTE
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc. And
The Pyromex Group
CALORIFIC VALUES
Braun coal 4,500 5.2Cardboard 3,800 4.4Citrus peels 4,500 5.2Car tires 8,300 9.6Household waste (presorted) 4,500 5.2Hospital waste 6,780 7,8Manure (dried) 3,760 4.4Neoprene 7,100 8.2Nylon 7,570 8.8Oil sludge 8,800 10.2Paper 4,400 5.1Paraffin 10,340 12.1Polyethylene 10,990 12.7Polypropylene 11,030 12.8Polystyrol EPS 9,800 11.3Rubber 5,600 6.5Sewage sludge (dried) 3,300 3.8Tar and refinery residues 9,200 10.7Tar acid 5.600 6.5Textiles 4,000 4.6Wood 4,200 4.8
Secondary Energy Material
approx. kcal/kg
approx. kW/kg
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
REALITY
The waste put into a dust bin over 1 year contains enough energy to heat water
500 bath
keep the TV on for 500 hours
The energy of 1 container of yogurt (0.3 ltr) keeps a light bulb glowing for 1 hour1
CONTAINER1
HOUR
3,500 showers
for
or
or
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
TREATMENT
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc. And
The Pyromex Group
CONCEPT PLANFOR A MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
TREATMENT FACILITY
100% Municipal
Solid Waste
Weigh Bridge
Storage
Administration Building
Storage Gas Storage
Power Generation
GASIFICATION
Inert Sand
Recycled Materials to Market
Electricity to Market
SortingRecyclingShredding
FENFEAL
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
PLANNING
Suitability of municipal, solid waste as energy source
Plant sizing Site selection Calculation of recoverable energy Negotiation of energy sales
agreement
Strategy for risk taking and guarantees
Setup of Pyromex municipal solid waste treatment plant beneficial to all parties involved and environmentally friendly
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS
CO2 Control DXNs Control Emission Control Landfill Control
Cost Control Profit Growth
Energy Recovery High Efficiency Utilization / Sale
ENVIRONMENT
ECONOMY
PYR MEXTM
ENERGY
ILS, Inc.
WASTE COLLECTION Choosing the most suitable collection
method
Container Arm Roll
Compactor
Compactor & Container System
Dust Drum & Packer SystemPackerDust Drum
Container with Cover SystemCovered Container Arm Roll
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
PRINCIPAL POINTSOF PYROMEX
Treatment of waste materials, not simply a reduction in volume!
Recycling of valuable materials and energy recovery, not only waste treatment!
A profitable business, not just a break-even scenario!
An environmental education center, not just a waste treatment plant!
Meeting highest and most severe environmental rules and regulations!
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
PLANT LAYOUT50 t/d PLANT
PYR MEXTM
1 Weigh bridge 10 Feed silo for reactors2 Weigh control 11 Storage silos3 Parking 12 Infeed system4 Receiving bin 13 Reactors5 Preshredder 14 Collection of inorganics 6 FE separation 15 Scrubber7 NFE separation 16 Gas tanks8 Secondary shredder 17 Gas engine and Generator9 Conveyors 18 Induction coolers
A Storage areaB Control room D Administration officeC Janitor E Lab
1
2
3
4 5
6 7
810
911 12
13
14
15
16
13
18
A BC
D E
70m
26m
ILS, Inc.
SUPPORT EQUIPMENTTypical List for a 50 t/d Plant
Skip loader 1 5m3 dump truck 1 5 ton fork lift 1 5,000 gal. Water truck 1 Facility and parking lot Street Sweeper 1 Low profile shuttle with 3 trailers 1 6-cylinder pick-up truck 1 Fire prevention unit 1 Standard 4-door automobiles 1 Flatbed truck 1 On-site 8,000 gal. water tower 1 Stationary 53,000 gal. water tank for fire 1 Knuckle boom 1
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.
ESTIMATED MANPOWER REQUIREMENT
Plant Engineer
Secretary
Accounting
Ground Maintenance
Helpers
TOTAL
1
---
---
1
3
5
1
1
---
2
4
8
2
2
---
3
8
15
3
3
---
4
8
18
PYR MEXTMILS, Inc.