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World
WarII
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
New Oil-Based Economy Restoration of devastated econimy Oil-price based growth
Collapse of USSR Economical Re-formsTotal Electrisity Net Generationin Russian Empire - USSR - Russian Federation(mln. kWh)
Total Oil Supplyin Russian Empire - USSR - Russian Federation(thousands tons per year)
2000
1950
1900 19
10
1890
1880
1870
1920
1930
1940
1960
1970
1980
1990
2010
71,1
85,4 88,2
100,6
110,1
101,4
119
130,1138,3
148 145,9141,8
1932-1933 Mass Famine in USSR
1946-1947 The Last
Mass Fa
mine in U
SSR
1920-1922 Mass Famine
in Volga Region and Ucrane
1916-1920 Food Crisis
06.41-05.45 The Grait P
atriotic
War
(USSR in
WW2)
1918-1923 The Civil War/I
ntervention
1914-1917
The Russian Empire
at WW1
1917 February and O
ctober R
volutions
1905-1907 The Thirst R
evolutiona
86%GDP
96%GDP
06.41-05.45 The Grait P
atriotic
War
(USSR in
WW2)
1918-1923 The Civil War/I
ntervention
1948-1965(59)
Stalins’ P
lan of er�
nement of n
ature
1946 Drought
1954-1961
Virgin so
il uptu
rned
1914-1917
The Russian Empire
at WW1
1917 February and O
ctober R
volutions
1905-1907 The Thirst R
evolutiona
Stolip
in’s Agric
ultural re
form
1930-1933 Collectivisation
05.03.1953 Death
of J.V. S
talin
1930-1939 Industriolisation
1920-1928 “GOELRO” P
lan
1948-1965(59)
Stalins’ P
lan of er�
nement of n
ature
26.11.1991 Collapse
of the Soviet U
nion
1930-1933 Collectivisation
1930-1939 Industriolisation
1922-1928 New Economical Policy (NEP)
1891-1916 The Construction of Transsiberian Railway
30.12.1922 Esta
blish of th
e Soviet Union
05.03.1953 Death
of J.V. S
talin
1930-1953(60) Operating of GULAG
1941 Evacuation of Industry
1941-1944 Partial Occupation of USSR Territory
The First E
lectric L
ighting In
Russian Empire
(the Lite
ini Brid
ge, St.P
itersb
urg)
The First P
ower Plant In
Russian Empire
(35 kWt, S
t.Pite
rsburg
)The First O
il Pipelin
e In Russi
an Empire
(Inj. V
. Shukhov.
Nobels’ oil �
elds, Baku)
Invention of o
il burn
er sprayer.
(Inj. V
. Shukhov.
Nobels’ oil �
elds, Baku)
The First H
idro Power P
lant In Russi
an Empire
(700 kWt, E
sentu
ky)
1956 Emerg
ing Uni�ed Power S
ystem of U
SSR
(Union of E
neretic Syste
ms Center a
nd Middle Volga
by 400kW High volta
ge line Kuibish
ev-Mosco
w)
1962 Creatio
n of the w
orld biggest
Energy Syste
m “Mir”
Synchro
nised operatio
n of the U
ni�ed Power Syste
m of USSR,
power syste
ms of P
oland, Germ
an Democra
tic Republic
,
Czech
oslovakia, H
ungary, Romania and Bulgaria
,
20.04.2005-08.12.2008 Synchronous Interconnection of the
Power Systems of IPS/UPS to UCTE. Feasibility Study.
11.07.2001 Restr
ucturin
g
of the Russi
an Unite
d Energy Syste
m
30.06.2008 Completio
n of Energ
y reform
.
Liquidation of R
AO UES
istead co
me: state owned natu
ral monopolie
s,
privatis
ed generating su
pply
and sales c
ompanies.
2001 Central Asian countries (excluded Turkmenistan)
included to the Integrated Power System (IPS)
2007 Eastern Energy Company established
(fo increase energy export to China)
1992 RAO U
ES created
Uni�ed power Syste
m (UPS) o
f Russi
a.
1745 The �rst Oil Field in Russian Empire(merchant Fedor Priadunov, Uhta river)
1823 The �rst Oil Re�nery in Russian Empire(The Dubinini Bros., Mozdok)
1837-39 The �rst State owned Oil Re�nery in Russian Empire(The Dubinini Bros., Mozdok)
1848 The �rst drilled oil well in the wold.(Enj. F.A. Semenov , Baku)
connections to the South(reestablish)
connections to the West(new development)
connections to the East(new development)
Invention of th
e Oil T
anker.
(The Artemiv Bro
s.)
1928-1933 The Thirs
t Five-Year P
lan (V1)
1933-1937 V2
1946-1950 V4
Recovery 5-years
Plan
1951-1955 V5
1956-1960 V6
1959-1965 V7
Seven Years Plan
1966-1970 V8
1971-1975 V9
1976-1980 V10
1981-1985 V
11
1986-1990 V12
1991-1995 V13
1937-1942 V3
Western Siberia Oil and Gas Fields
National Debt
Oil Prices
The First Pipeline in Wesstern Siberia
(Shaim-Tumen)
Hungary Insurrection
The First Gas Pipeline in Western Siberia
(Igrim-Serov)
Kosigin’s/
Liberman’s
Economic
and Mangement R
eform
Zastoi (S
tagnation) P
eriod
Gas Transport System (SRTO-Urals)
from Siberia to Central Industrial Region
Labour Union Solidarnost’ action (Poland)
Prices Liberalization
Hyperin�ation
Perestroika
(Restrucruring)
Warsaw Pact E
stablis
hed
Warsaw Pact D
isolved
“Friendsh
ip 1” Oil p
ipeline co
nstructio
n
“Friendsh
ip 2” Oil p
ipeline co
nstructio
n
Doubles the O
il Supply
War in Afganist
an
Anti-co
mmunistic
Revolutions
in Eastern
Europ
Exploitatio
n of Tumen O
il and G
as Deposit
s
Liberal Eco
nomical R
eforms
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
Ru
s
Bri
tain
U.S
.
Be
lgiu
m
Ge
rma
ny
Fra
nc
e
Ho
llan
d
Sw
ed
en
Sp
an
e
Ja
pa
n
Coal Prodaction Coal Supply to Central Industrial Region
Import from B
ritain and G
ermany
Dom
esti
c pr
oduc
tion
К 1917 году в Российской Империи:
Предистория
7%
47%
17%
29%
Tran
spor
t in
fras
truc
ture Manufacruring industry
Electrification
Mining industry
План ГОЭЛРО
Государственный план электрификации России
Суммарное финансирование 17 млрд. золотых рублей
программмаэлектрификации 1.2 млрд. золотых рублей
85%75%
Российская Империя являласьСельскохозяйственной странойК 1917 году в России:
Вовлечено в сель-хоз производство
Доля сельского населения
Предистория
Yield and consumptiom of main crops by countries in 1913
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
US
A
Ru
ssia
Ger
man
y
Au
stri
a
Arg
en
tin
a
Fra
nce
Ita
ly
Ca
nad
a
Ro
ma
nia
Sp
ain
Jap
an
Au
star
alia
Bri
tain
De
nm
ark
Sw
iss
Bel
giu
m
Ho
llan
d
Sw
itze
rlan
d
No
rwa
y
Yie
lds
and
tra
de
(th
ausa
nd
s p
oo
ds)
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Rem
ain
der
s fo
r co
nsu
mti
on
(p
oo
ds
per
cap
ita)
Yield External trade balance Remainders per capita (poods)
189
3
189
5
190
0
190
5
1910
1913
200400600800
10001200140016001800 Wheat yields and expots
ths
po
od
s
1950
1900 19
10
1890
1880
1870
1920
1930
1940
1960
1932-1933 Mass
Famine in
USSR
1946-1947 The Last
Mass Fa
mine in U
SSR
1920-1922 Mass
Famine
in Volga Region and Ucra
ne
1916-1920 Food Crisis
Кризис сельского хозяйства
2000
1950
1900 19
10
1890
1880
1870
1920
1930
1940
1960
1970
1980
1990
2010
1932-1933 Mass
Famine in
USSR
1946-1947 The Last
Mass Fa
mine in U
SSR
1920-1922 Mass
Famine
in Volga Region and Ucra
ne
1916-1920 Food Crisis
06.41-05.45 The Grait P
atriotic
War
(USSR in
WW2)
1918-1923 The Civil War/I
ntervention
1948-1965(59)
Stalins’ P
lan of er�
nement of n
ature
1946 Drought
1954-1961
Virgin so
il uptu
rned
1914-1917
The Russian Empire
at WW1
1917 February and O
ctober R
volutions
1905-1907 The Thirst R
evolutiona
Stolip
in’s Agric
ultural re
form
1930-1933 Colle
ctivisa
tion
05.03.1953 Death
of J.V. S
talin
1930-1939 Industr
iolisatio
n
1928-1933 The Thirs
t Five-Year P
lan (V1)
1933-1937 V2
1946-1950 V4
Recovery 5-years
Plan
1951-1955 V5
1956-1960 V6
1959-1965 V7
Seven Years Plan
1966-1970 V8
1971-1975 V9
1976-1980 V10
1981-1985 V
11
1986-1990 V12
1991-1995 V13
1937-1942 V3
Массовый голод в Поволжье 1921-22
Использованиемеханизированной техникив сельском хозяйстве
Oil products export
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
mil
lio
n r
ub
les
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
mil
lio
n t
on
s
cost physical volume
020406080
100120140160180
1989—1993 “Особый период” Экономический кризис, падение - 34% ВВПИмпорт нефти упал с 13.5 до 4 млн.тонн/год
1992 — США ужесточает Эмбарго поставки еды, медикаментов на 750 mln.$ прерваныFood imports fall by 80%. Transport stopped, factories closed, Electricity block-outs 14-16 hours a day.No friges to storage food,
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
The basic economical indicators growth, %. 1940-1960.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1940 1950 1955 1960Basic production assets
National income
Gros industrial product
Gros agricultural product
Ускоренное послевоенное восстановление и развитиев большой степени обеспечивались растущим потоком нефти от освоения новых месторождений.
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
World
WarII
Collap
se of
USSR
Civill W
ar RestorationcompleteIndustrial-ization
Industrial-izationCollectiv-ization
Attemptof Reorganiza-tionReform ationIncom-plete
Conserva-tion System Crisis Slowdown Devellop-ment
PerestroicaDeteriorationEconomicalCrisis Debt
Total Oil Supply
Western SIberia
Volga-Urals Oil Province
Caucasus
20
00
195
0
192
0
193
0
194
0
196
0
1970
198
0
199
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
mlntons
Коммунизм это Советска власть + электрификация всей страны
Царствование его величест ва пара, перевернувшего мир в прошлом столетии, окончилось. На его место станет неиз меримо более революционная сила - электрическая искра.
«Мы должны уменьшить унизительную зависимость от сырьевого экспорта, прекратить выжимать последние капли из научно-промышленного потенциала советского периода...»
11.02.10 Президент РФ Д.А. Медведев.
«Должна быть программа, сегодня мы не имеем программу разворота страны от нефтяной зависимости.»
25.04.13 Президент РФ В.В. Путин.