Post on 26-Mar-2015
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Punto di partenza
Adjectives are words that describe people, places, and things. In Italian, adjectives are often used with the verb essere to point out the qualities of the subject.
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• Many adjectives in Italian are cognates. Their spellings and meanings are similar in both Italian and English.
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• Although both buono and bravo mean good, use bravo to describe someone who is skilled or talented.
La mensa è buona. The cafeteria is good.
L’insegnante d’italiano è brava.The Italian teacher is good.
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• Unlike in English, most adjectives in Italian follow the noun.
È un libro noioso.It is a boring book.
Sono ragazzi studiosi.They are studious boys.
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Agreement
Italian adjectives agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. In Strutture 1A.1 you learned how to make nouns plural; adjectives change their final vowel in a similar way.
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• Adjectives whose masculine singular form ends in -o have four possible endings: -o (masc.) and -a (fem.) in the singular, and –i (masc.) and -e (fem.) in the plural. To refer to groups of mixed gender, use the masculine plural ending -i.
Giorgio è contento.Giorgio is happy.
Giorgio e Laura sono contenti.Giorgio and Laura are happy.
Silvia è contenta.Silvia is happy.
Silvia e Laura sono contente.Silvia and Laura are happy.
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• Adjectives that end in -e in the singular change to -i in the plural.
Lucia è intelligente.Lucia is intelligent.
Lucia e Roberto sono intelligenti.Lucia and Roberto are intelligent.
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• Most adjectives ending in -co, -ca, -go, and -ga require an h in the plural to maintain the hard sound of the c or g. Exceptions include the masculine plural adjectives simpatici and antipatici.
È simpatica.She is nice.
Le ragazze sono simpatiche.The girls are nice.
È un amico tedesco.He is a German friend.
Sono amici tedeschi.They are German friends.
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• Adjectives of nationality also follow the rules of agreement described above. Unlike in English, they are not capitalized.
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• Use Di dove + essere to ask about someone’s nationality or origin. To name a city in the reply, use di.
Di dove sei?Where are you from?
Sono italiana. Sono di Roma.I am Italian. I am from Rome.
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1. Loro sono _________. (generoso)
2. Lisa è ________. (simpatico)
3. Hiroshi è _________. (giapponese)
4. lo non sono ________. (pigro)
5. Gli esami sono________. (facile)
6. Silvia è __________. (tedesco)
Write the correct forms of the adjectives.
generosi/e