starter activity

Explain how each event helped the Nazis establish control. What’s missing?

Reichstag Fire, Feb 1933

Enabling Act, March 1933

Night of the Long Knives, June 1934

Death of Hindenburg, August 1934

The use of terrorThe use of propaganda

Cult of the Fuhrer

Persecution of ‘undesirables’

Nuremberg Law, 1935 & Kristallnacht, 1938

Families,

education and

Children!

How well did the Nazis control the hearts & minds of

young people?To explain why millions joined the

Hitler Youth – and some didn’tTo find out how the Nazis

controlled schools & education

Aims

Typical members of the Hitler Youth (Hitler Jugend, HJ)

League of German Maidens

Example activities

Your task Read p. 130-1 and make a note of

the reasons why so many young people joined the Hitler Youth movement.

Reasons for the popularity of Hitler Youth

Tradition of youth groups in Germany (Volk culture)

Alternative youth groups closed

From 1936 membership compulsory

Well organised – different groups for different ages

Hitler Youth, League of German Maidens

1939 – 8 million members!Baldur von Schirach – Leader of Hitler Youth

Range of activities – games, sports, physical education, parade, camping – all appealed to young people

Children were brainwashed into loyalty to Führer

Fed anti-Communist & anti-Semitic hatred Children believed they were helping the

war effort

Hitler Youth soldiers played a crucial role in the defence of Berlin, 1945

Not all youths supported the Nazis. Why would these young people have attracted the attention of the Nazi authorities?

Your task Did everyone support the Hitler

Youth? Read p.151 in your text book and note the reasons why the Nazis would have been horrified by the behaviour of some young people.

Opposition from youths Swing clubs – disrespectful to the

Führer, e.g. ‘Heil Benny’ greeting Edelweiss Pirates – bullied members

of the Hitler Youth Some youths sheltered deserters &

escapees White Rose group – distributed Nazi

propaganda

Not all youths supported the regime – Sophie Scholl and her brother Hans, members of White Rose

Homework – part I Write your own Hitler Youth diary.

Refer to the following things in your account:

Different types of organisations (including the illegal ones)

Typical activities – fun & military Attitude to the Fuhrer Things you learned about opponents

of the regime How you helped the war effort

Plenary Give 3 examples of typical Nazi

activities List 2 different types of youth

organisations List 2 rival youth organisations Give 3 reasons why so many young

people joined the Hitler Youth Do you think all young people

actually supported the Nazis?

starter activity

What do these images tell us about the role of women under the

Nazis?

Your task Read p.136-7 and note down the

ways in which women were encouraged to help the regime.

Gertrude Scholtz-Klink, Head of Nazi Women’s Bureau

Role of women Didn’t work – women were encouraged or

forced to leave their jobs, e.g. all women doctors sacked

Good housewives – used leftovers, prepared ‘Eintopf’ meal

Good mothers – healthy, promoted traditional family values, ‘Honour Cross of German Mothers’

Dressed in traditional German clothes Brought up children to worship Führer &

join Hitler Youth

What would children in Nazi schools have been taught?

Your task Read p. 134-5 and create a spider diagram

noting down the changes the Nazis introduced to schools. Include these headings:

Teachers Types of schools Education for Jews Education for girls PE History Biology Geography RE

What clues does this cartoon from Nazi Germany provide about changes that

were introduced to schooling?

Plenary You are the head of a new Nazi

school. Design a new timetable for your school giving due importance to subjects the Nazis endorsed and reducing the number of hours for those they thought were less important.

Homework Complete the second section of your

diary. It should be at least 1 side of A4 in total. Include references to the following:

Jewish students Subjects studied Special schools Teachers