1

II. Sewer Networks and Facilities

Topic II.1. Kinds of Wastewater. General Scheme of Sewerage. Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)

Sewerage

Definition: A set of pipe networks, facilities and technical measures, aimed at collection, transportation, purification of wastewater from urban, rural or industrial territories and safety discharge it into the receiving water bodies.

2

Sewerage Service

3

Kinds of Wastewater

Sewer (domestic or sanitary wastewater)

Industrial wastewater

Atmospheric (rain, rainfall) wastewater (runoff)

4

Kinds of Wastewater

Sewer (Sanitary Wastewater)

Specific flowrates (norms) - 90 % of specific water supply norms

Sewer regime

Sewer quality Suspended solids (SS) Organic substances - 60 % (BOD5) Inorganic substances - 40 %

Sewer quality - technical slang Grey wastewater - from hygiene water use, washing machines, etc. Black wastewater - from toilets flushes

5

Sewer Quality

Sewer Pipe Network as a Biological Reactor

6

Kinds of Wastewater

Industrial Wastewater

Specific flowrates (norms) - depend on: Kind of the industry Kind of the industrial technology Kind of the equipment Technological discipline

Industrial wastewater regimes

Industrial wastewater quality Conditionally clean Polluted

7

Kinds of Wastewater

Atmospheric (Rain) Wastewater

(Runoff)

Rainfall quantity - depends on climate

Rainfall regime - depends on climate

Rainfall and runoff quality - depends on antophogenic impact

8

General Scheme of Sewerage

9

General Scheme of Sewerage

Yard sewer network Quarter sewer network

10

General Scheme of Sewerage

I, II and III - water sheds (subcatchments); 1 - subcatchments borders; 2 - collectors of second

order; 3 - collectors of first order (submains);; 4 - main (trunk) collector; 5 - sewer pipeline

(external trunk); 7 - pressure sewer pipeline; 8 - wastewater treatment plant (WTP); 9 - sewer

discharge

11

Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)

12

Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)

Regional Sewerage Pattern