Post on 29-Dec-2015
transcript
Red Scare
• American citizens was frightened by the triumph of Communism in Russia.
• Attorney General Palmer arrested thousands of suspects and deported them.
• Communism will remain a threat until the end of the Cold War in the late 1990s.
• Nativism and racism were also on the rise.
Racism Grows
• Nativism grows as feelings surface against immigrants and minorities
• Restrictions on immigration established quota system for the first time.
• Eugenics attempted to promote what were considered to be superior genetic characteristics.
Pro-Business Policies of Three Republican Presidents
• Warren Harding sought a "return to normalcy.” His administration was full of corruption leading to the Teapot Dome Scandal. (Died in office)
• Calvin Coolidge believed the “business of America is business.”
• Herbert Hoover saw “rugged individualism” as the motivation to become a great nation.
• All felt that government interference should be minimal in the economy.
Factors for Prosperity of the 1920s
• Rise of the automobile• Cars allowed greater mobility to people• Model T priced at under $300 per car.
• Other New Industries• Electricity and electrical appliances• Radio, motion pictures, vacuum cleaners
• More efficient production and distribution techniques• Assembly line• Standardized parts
• Mass consumerism and buying on credit
Clash of Cultural Values (Old and New)• 18th Amendment banned the sale of
Alcoholic beverages.• Scopes “Monkey Trial”
• A teacher broke the law and taught the Theory of Evolution.
• Defended by Clarence Darrow• Prosecuted by William Jennings
Bryan
Women in the 1920s
• Nineteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote.
• Women saw greater freedom• Less restrictive clothing• Entered work force in greater numbers• Began gaining college educations.
Prohibition
• 18th Amendment banned alcoholic drinks.• Social experiment was a failure.• 21st Amendment ended prohibition.• Only amendment to the U.S. Constitution that
has been repealed.
Population Shifts
• Great Migration. Millions of African-Americans began moving from the rural South to cities in the North and Midwest.
• Rise of Racism• Rebirth of the KKK• Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, 1929
Harlem Renaissance
• Harlem became the cultural center of the African-American community
• Artists and innovators• Langston Hughes. Poet and novelist.• Alaine Locke. Black historian• Marcus Garvey attempted to organize
the Back to Africa Movement; believed in black owned businesses.
Lost Generation
• Literature and art of the white community focused on the “Lost Generation”
• Writers• F. Scott Fitzgerald depicted the lifestyles of the
young and materialistic rich in the 1920s; Wrote The Great Gatsby
• Sinclair Lewis ridiculed American hypocrisy• Rejected the desire for material wealth• Fads: flagpole sitting, marathon dancing
Key Individuals
• William Jennings Bryan. Helped prosecute John Scopes at the “Monkey Trial”
• Clarence Darrow. Represented Scopes at the “Monkey Trial” on evolution in 1925
• Charles Lindbergh. First person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean; became an international hero.
• F. Scott Fitzgerald. His works, like The Great Gatsby, captured the spirit of the Jazz Age.
• Henry Ford. Early Auto manufacturer who pioneered new production techniques
More . . .
• Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. Convicted and executed of a robbery in part because of the hysteria against foreigners.
• Glenn Curtis. Aviation pioneer who developed airplanes that landed on water.
• Frances Willard. Active in the Temperance and Woman’s Rights Movement.