1. In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions established what precedent?

A. The right of citizens to nullify federal laws

B. The right of the federal government to nullify state laws

C. The right of states to nullify federal laws

2. What was a common theme among the writers of the Transcendentalist movement?

A. ReligionB. IndividualityC. conformity

WARM UP – PRACTICE MSL QUESTIONS

3. What was a result of the Second Great Awakening?

A. Abolitionists suffered setbacks in their goals

B. Working class values of temperance and a strong work ethic became unpopular

C. Reformers were inspired to resolve slaver and other social ill’s, including women’s rights

4. Which of the following is most likely a result of the US victory in the Battle of New Orleans?

A. Nationalism surgedB. The British become the dominant

military in North AmericaC. The resistance of Native Americans

is strengthened

Turn to a partner & share:Imagine the last argument you had with a friend, family member, etc. (or the last break-up!) Describe the argument (what was it about, how did it end)

Now reflect, did the argument happen over just one single issue? OR was it after a series of other things that person did to get on your nerves?

DO NOW

THE LONG ROAD TO CIVIL WAR

NORTH AND SOUTH ECONOMIES

Northern economy ~ manufacturing based

Southern economy ~ agriculture based

Factory versus Farm

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH

FEARS OF SOUTHERN WHITES• Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina ~

Slaves were in the majority• Alabama, Georgia, Florida ~ Slaves made up ½ the population

Fear that the abolition of slavery would lead to a revolution that would doom the South:“…to the greatest calamity, and the [South] to poverty, desolation, and wretchedness.”

A series of compromises failed to solve the issues of slavery and states' rights for the long termCompromise of 1820 (Missouri Compromise)

Wilmot ProvisoCompromise of 1850

FAILED COMPROMISES

MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820)

• Maine admitted as free state• Missouri admitted as a slave– Preserves sectional balance in the

senate b/w slave states and free states

• Louisiana Territory divided in ½ @ the 36”30’– North of the line is free– South of the line is slave

WILMOT PROVISO (1846)

• Failed proposal to BAN all slavery in any territory acquired from the Mexican-American War

COMPROMISE OF 1850

• California admitted to the Union as a free state

• Utah and New Mexico territories decide about slavery

• Sale of slaves banned in D.C.• Fugitive Slave Act required people

in free states to help capture and return escaped slaves

• Establishes Popular SovereigntyPOPULAR SOVEREIGNTY: Idea that voters in a territory- not Congress- should decide whether or not to allow slavery there

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT (1854)

• Divides territory in ½– Nebraska to the North– Kansas to the South

• Repeals the Missouri Compromise• Tests the policy of popular

sovereignty

BLEEDING KANSAS

Who: Violence between pro-slavery and Abolitionists settlers

When: lasts from 1854 until war breaks out

What: Ongoing fighting over the issue of whether Kansas would be slave or free.

Example: John Brown and his sons pulled five settlers from their homes and butchered them to death with swords in Pottawatamie Creek, Kansas

UNCLE TOM ’S CABIN

1852 book by Harriet Beecher Stowe on the conditions of slavery

emphasized the emotional aspect and break up of families

When Lincoln met Stowe, he said “so this is the little lady that started this great war.”

His slave master brought him to live for a time in free territory and the free state of Illinois, but eventually returned to Missouri (slave state).

Dred Scott felt that because he had lived in a free territory, he should be free.

Decision: Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not and could never be citizens. Dred Scott had no right to even file a lawsuit and remained enslaved.

Question: How does this case relate to the case of Marbury v. Madison?

Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)

LINCOLN FOR SENATOR

1858 ~ Illinois Republicans chose Abraham Lincoln to run for senator of Illinois against Stephen A. Douglas

Lincoln stated: “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.”

Lincoln vs. Douglas Debates

5’4” Stephen A. Douglas

6’4” Abraham Lincoln

1858 campaig

n for Illinois senator

LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES

LincolnSlavery is immoralSlavery cannot extend into the new territories

DouglasPopular sovereignty is betterSlavery would eventually end on it ’s own

** Significance: Lincoln puts his name on the map and becomes the Republican nominee for President

Emergence of Lincoln’s Party: The Republicans

Includes:

•Free Soilers (no slavery in new territories)

•Abolitionists

•Whigs (support Big Business and manufacturing)

•Northern “Know Nothings” (anti-immigrant party)

BIRTH OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY

Horace Greeley describes the new party:“[The Republicans] have the heart, the conscience and the understanding of the people with them…All that is noble, all that is true, all that is pure, all that is manly, and estimable in human character, goes to swell the power of the anti-slavery party of the North.”The Republican Party formed in opposition to the Kansas

Nebraska Act

Election of 1860

Election of 1860

“In your hands, my dissatisfi ed fellow countrymen, and not

in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government

will not assail you…. You have no oath registered in Heaven

to destroy the government, while I shall have the most

solemn one to preserve, protect, and defect.”

What is the leading issue heading into the Civil War for the

nation?

If you were in the shoes of Abraham Lincoln, how would you

address the major nation-splitting issue of slavery? What

would you do to try to reconcile the nation?

LINCOLN’S FIRST INAUGURAL

“I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature”

LINCOLN’S FIRST INAUGURAL

CAUSES OF CIVIL WAR

Long-Term CausesConflict over Slavery in territoriesEconomic differences b/w North and South

Tariffs of 1816, 1828, 1832Conflict b/w states’ rights and Fed. Control

Tariffs, slavery

Immediate CauseElection of Lincoln

South feels that their political voice will no longer be heard

Secession of Southern StatesFiring on Ft. Sumter

FOLDABLE

Now, using a sheet of computer paper, you will create a foldable that illustrates 6 of the major causes of the Civil War. On the front you will illustrate it, then inside it should contain a description as well as HOW it led to the Civil War

It’s depictions of slavery

created much controversy. Northern

abolitionists were energized, while

southerners reacted with hatred.

“Uncle Tom’s Cabin”Bestseller by

Harriet Beecher Stowe