2211-6010 14 pages

M11/4/BIOLO/SPM/ENG/TZ1/XX

Wednesday 18 May 2011 (afternoon)

BiologyStandard levelPaPer 1

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on

the answer sheet provided.

45 minutes

©International Baccalaureate Organization 2011

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1. Thetablebelowshowsthelevelofhemoglobinmeasuredintwodifferentgroupsofathletes.

Hemoglobin /grams per 100 cm3

Number of athletes tested

Standard deviation /grams per 100 cm3

Group A 12.6 200 0.8

Group B 11.9 220 3.2

Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?

A. ResultsfromgroupBaremoreaccuratebecausemoreathletesweretested.

B. ResultsfromgroupBaremorereliablebecauseithasahigherstandarddeviation.

C. More athletes have their hemoglobin concentration close to the mean in groupA than in groupB.

D. Theseresultsindicatethatthelevelofhemoglobinfollowsanormaldistribution.

2. Whichofthefollowingwillcontributetothecelltheory?

I. Livingorganismsarecomposedofcells.

II. Allcellscomefrompre-existingcellsbymitosis.

III. Cellsarethesmallestunitsoflife.

A. Ionly

B. IIonly

C. IandIIIonly

D. I,IIandIII

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3. Aredbloodcellis8μmindiameter.Ifdrawn100timeslargerthanitsactualsize,whatdiameterwillthedrawingbeinmm?

A. 0.08mm

B. 0.8mm

C. 8mm

D. 80mm

4. Acellhascytoplasm,acellwall,nakedDNAandribosomes.Basedonthisinformation,whattypeofcellcouldthisbe?

A. Acellfromapinetree

B. Agrasshoppercell

C. Ahumanredbloodcell

D. Abacterium

5. Whatdodiffusionandosmosishaveincommon?

A. Theyonlyhappeninlivingcells.

B. Theyrequiretransportproteinsinthemembrane.

C. Theyarepassivetransportmechanisms.

D. Netmovementofsubstancesisagainsttheconcentrationgradient.

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6. Thediagrambelowshowsacellduringmitosis.

I

II

Chromosomes

Whatarethestructuresandstageofmitosis?

Stage of mitosis Structure I Structure II

A. metaphase chromatid nuclearmembrane

B. anaphase centromere plasmamembrane

C. anaphase chromatid nuclearmembrane

D. metaphase centromere plasmamembrane

7. Whichofthefollowingareconnectedbyhydrogenbonds?

A. Hydrogentooxygenwithinamoleculeofwater

B. PhosphatetosugarinaDNAmolecule

C. BasetosugarinaDNAmolecule

D. Hydrogentooxygenbetweentwodifferentmoleculesofwater

}

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8. Thegraphbelowshowstheeffectofsubstrateconcentrationonenzymeactivity.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnaboutsectionXofthegraph?

Enzymeactivity

Substrateconcentration

A. Theenzymehasstartedtodenatureandthereactionslowsdown.

B. Thereactionhasfinishedandthesubstratehasbeenusedup.

C. Theenzymeissaturatedandisworkingatitsmaximumreactionrate.

D. Someoftheenzymehasbeenconsumedandthereactionhasreachedaplateau.

9. Whichtypeofmoleculeisshowninthediagrambelow?

A. Peptide

B. Carbohydrate

C. Lipid

D. Nucleicacid

C

H

OH

2CHH

NC

O

C

O

2CH

SH

C

H

N

H

OHC

O

C

H

OH

2CHH

H N

{

X

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10. ThepercentageofthymineintheDNAofanorganismisapproximately30%.Whatisthepercentageofguanine?

A. 70%

B. 30%

C. 40%

D. 20%

11. Whatisdenaturation?

A. Astructuralchangeofaproteinthatresultsinthelossofitsbiologicalproperties

B. Achangeinthegeneticcodeofanorganism

C. Achangeintheaminoacidsequenceofaproteincausingadisruptionofits3Dshape

D. Theprocessbywhichaminoacidsarebrokendownandammoniaisreleased

12. Howdocellscapturetheenergyreleasedbycellrespiration?

A. Theystoreitinmoleculesofcarbondioxide.

B. Theyproduceglucose.

C. Theenergyisreleasedaspyruvate.

D. TheyproduceATP.

13. Whatisthesourceoftheoxygenreleasedintotheairasaproductofphotosynthesis?

A. Chlorophyll

B. Carbondioxideonly

C. Wateronly

D. Bothwaterandcarbondioxide

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14. Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouthomologouschromosomesiscorrect?

A. Eachgeneisatthesamelocusonbothchromosomes.

B. Theyare twoidenticalcopiesofaparentchromosomewhichareattachedtooneanotherat thecentromere.

C. Theyalwaysproduceidenticalphenotypes.

D. Theyarechromosomesthathaveidenticalgenesandalleles.

15. Whathappensincrossingover?

A. Exchangeofgeneticmaterialbetweenhomologouschromosomes

B. Exchangeofgenesduringmetaphaseofmitosis

C. Randomdistributionofchromosomesduringmeiosis

D. Homologouschromosomesfailtoseparateduringmeiosis

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16. Thepedigreechartbelowshowsthebloodtypesofthreemembersofafamily.

Whichcouldbethebloodtypesofindividuals1and2?

Individual 1 Individual 2

A. A AB

B. AB B

C. O B

D. B A

17. Whichofthefollowingtypesofinformationareneededtoconstructakaryotype?

I. Sizeofthechromosomes

II. Genemutationsofthechromosomes

III. Ageoftheindividual

A. Ionly

B. IIonly

C. IandIIonly

D. I,IIandIII

1

2

Blood Group A

Blood Group A Blood Group O

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18. Awomanwhoisacarrierforhemophiliaandamanwhodoesnothavehemophiliahaveachild.Whatistheprobabilitythatthechildwillhavehemophilia?

If it is a girl If it is a boy

A. 0% 50%

B. 0% 0%

C. 50% 50%

D. 50% 0%

19. Whichenzymesareneededtoproducerecombinantplasmidstobeusedingenetransfer?

A. DNApolymeraseandDNAligase

B. DNApolymeraseandrestrictionenzyme(endonuclease)

C. TranscriptaseandRNApolymerase

D. Restrictionenzyme(endonuclease)andDNAligase

20. Whichofthefollowingisthebestdefinitionofapopulation?

A. Agroupofindividualsthatcaninterbreedandproducefertileoffspring

B. Thenumberofindividualsofthesamespeciesinagivenarea

C. Agroupofspecieslivingandinteractingwitheachotherinagivenarea

D. Thetotalnumberofindividualsinagivenarea

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21. Thediagrambelowshowsasimplifiedfoodweb.

Whatistheroleofthesnakeinthisfoodweb?

A. Primaryconsumer

B. Secondaryconsumer

C. Tertiaryconsumer

D. Producer

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22. Thegraphbelowrepresentsasigmoid(S-shaped)populationgrowthcurve.Threesectionsofthecurveareindicated(1,2and3).

Inwhichofthesectionsisnatalityplusimmigrationgreaterthanmortalityplusemigration?

Numbers

Time

A. 1only

B. 2only

C. 1and2only

D. 3only

23. Whatisevolution?

A Ameasureoftherelativesurvivalandreproductivesuccessofanindividual

B. Acumulativechangeinthegeneticallycontrolledcharacteristicsofapopulation

C. Aphysicalchangeduringanorganism’slifethatisinheritedbyitsoffspring

D. Arandomchangeintheproportionsofallelesfromgenerationtogeneration

1

23

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24. Twodifferent treeshavebeenclassifiedasPinus pineaandPinus nigra. Whichof thefollowingstatementsiscorrect?

A. Bothtreesbelongtothesameclassbutadifferentgenus.

B. Bothtreesbelongtothesamefamilyandsamegenus.

C. ThespeciesnameofbothtreesisPinus.

D. Thefamilynamesarepinea and nigra.

25. Celiac disease causes the destruction of the villi cells. Whichof the following ismost likely tohappentopeoplewithceliacdisease?

A. Incompletedigestionoffats

B. Poorabsorptionofcalcium

C. Increasedlevelsofglucoseinblood

D. Damageintheesophaguscausedbyincreaseinacidcontentofthestomach

26. Isthebloodintheaorta,leftventricleandpulmonaryarteryoxygenatedordeoxygenated?

Aorta Left ventricle Pulmonary artery

A. oxygenated deoxygenated deoxygenated

B. deoxygenated oxygenated oxygenated

C. oxygenated oxygenated deoxygenated

D. oxygenated oxygenated oxygenated

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27. Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutantibodiesiscorrect?

A. Antibodiesarepolypeptides.

B. Antibodiesareproducedbythebonemarrow.

C. Antibodiesarepathogenicforeignsubstances.

D. Antibodieskillbacteriabutnotviruses.

28. Whatnormallypreventsthemembranesofthealveolifromstickingtogetherduringexpiration?

A. Thethicknessofthesingle-celllayerofalveolimembranes

B. Thesecretionoffluidsintheinnersurfaceofthealveoli

C. Thepressurewithinthethoraciccavity

D. Thedensenetofcapillariescoveringthealveoli

29. Whichwordsfromthetablebelowcompletethesentencecorrectly?

In the pancreas,________secrete glucagon, which________blood glucose levels.

I II

A. αcells raises

B. βcells raises

C. αcells lowers

D. βcells lowers

I II

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30. Thediagrambelowshowsthemalereproductivesystem.

Whicharetheepididymisandtheseminalvesicleinthediagram?

Epididymis Seminal vesicle

A. IV I

B. III II

C. I V

D. III I

I

II

III IV

V