Post on 28-Dec-2015
transcript
9th grade final exam
Study guide
Health Triangle
• 3 aspects of health
• Physical
• Mental/Emotional
• Social
Life Expectency
• How long a person is expected to live based on their lifestyle
• Ex. If a person practices a healthy lifestyle and watches their diet and exercises then they are expected to live longer than someone who does not
Risk Factors
• Are factors associated with ill health, disease or death
• Ex. = poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, alcohol, etc.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• In order for a preson to meet their full potential or reach self-actualization, they first must have their basic needs met of food, shelter and safety
Self Esteem
• Confidence and worth you feel about yourself
Stress Response
• The fight or flight response is an innate response to stress - the inborn response prepares the body to “fight” or “flee” from a perceived attack, harm, or threat to survival
Trauma
• PTSD = post traumatic stress disorder - stems from a personal tragedy, a natural disaster or other overwhelming life experience. It can shatter a sense of security, feelings of vulnerability, helplessness and even make a person feel numb.
Bi-polar Disorder
• More sever than your normal ups/downs a person may experience in daily living
• This is most severe and a person experiences extreme highs (manic) and extreme lows (depression), affects every day living
Depression
• Emptiness and despair take a hold and won’t go away making it difficult to function and enjoy life
OCD
• Obsessive compulsive disorder
• An anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and ritualized behavior you feel compared to perform
• Ex. Excessive hand washing
Resilient
• Being able to adapt effectively and recovery from disappointment, difficulty or crisis
Psychiatrist
• A medical doctor who treats mental and emotional disorders
• This is the ONLY mental health professional who can write a prescription for medications
Psychologist
• A mental health professional who provides one on one talk therapy to a patient
• Cannot prescribe medication
Social Worker
• A health care professional who provides the link between the medical center, the patient and their family
Schizophrenia
• A condition where a person may see or hear things that don’t exist, confused thoughts and feel like others are going to harm them and/or they are being watched
Panic Attack
• Anxiety disorder that can resemble a heart attack
• Symptoms - chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, etc.
Atrium
• The 2 upper chambers of the heart.
Atherosclerosis
• Hardening of the arteries due to plaque buildup inside the arteries
Ventricle
• The 2 lower chambers of the heart
Capillaries
• The smallest blood vessels, which are closest to the skin surface and connect the arteries and the veins
Arteries
• Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
Veins
• Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart
Valves – ADD TO YOUR PACKET
• Flaps in the heart (one-way valves) that open/close to let the blood into the chambers of the heart
Septum
• Muscular tissue that separates the 2 sides of the heart. It prevents blood from crossing one side of the heart to the other
Pulmonary
• Of or relating to, affecting or occurring in the lungs
• Pulmonary circulation - carries oxygen depleted blood away from the heart to lungs to pick up oxygen and return to the heart
Nicotine
• A substance found in tobacco which smokers become addicted to
Tar
• Brown, tacky substance found in cigarettes which causes cancer
Cardiologist
• A medical doctor who treats heart disease
Hypertension
• High blood pressure
• Normal reading 120/80
• Higher # is pressure when heart contracts
• Lower # is pressure when heart relaxes
Angina Pectoris
• Chest pain due to coronary heart disease
Heart Attack
• When blood flow that brings oxygen to the heart is severely reduced or cut off completely
Stroke
• When a blood vessel weakens and ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain
Carcinogen
• A substance which causes cancer
• Usually found in cigarettes, but can also be found in plastics
• Ex. Plastic water bottles left in the sun
Congenital
• Conditions that are present @ birth
• Can be inherited or caused by environmental factors
Thrombosis
• Blood clot or clots in a blood vessel
Tolerance
• When your body gets used to a medication or substance and you no longer get the same affect, so you have to increase the amount to get the original affect
Physical Addiction
• Being physically dependent on a substance because you cannot stop from taking it, there will also be withdrawal symptoms if you try to stop
Psychological Addiction
• When a persons whole life revolves around a substance and they become compulsive about it
• Loss of control
• Think about it constantly, how to get it, using it and when the next fix will be
Withdrawal
• Distress and cravings that occur after use of some addictive drugs when reduced or stopped
Narcotics
• An illegal drug or other substance that affects mood or behavior and sold for non-medical purposes
THC – ADD TO YOUR PACKET
• The active ingredient in marijuana which causes the “high”
Stimulants
• Speeds up the CNS (Central Nervous System)
• Increases activity, interest and enthusiasm
Depressants
• Slows down the CNS
• Promotes drowsiness, relaxation and decreased inhibitions
Hallucinogens
• Cause hallucinations - profound distortions in a person’s perceptions of reality
Binge Drinking
• Heavy period of drinking with the primary intention of becoming intoxicated quickly
Carbon Monoxide
• A colorless, odorless poisonous gas in cigarettes
Passive Smoke = AKA = Environment Tobacco Smoke
• Second hand smoke
• Inhaled by non-smokers
• Can cause lung cancer
Alcoholism
• Being dependent on alcohol
• A strong need or compulsion to drink
• Symptoms include:
• Drinking alone and often
• Blackouts
• Preoccupation with alcohol
Metabolism
• The amount of energy (calories) your body burns to maintain itself
SHORT ANSWERSTreatment Therapies
• Psychotherapy = talk therapy
• Medications
• Hospitalizations or residential programs
• Electroconvulsive therapy = shock therapy
OTC
• Over the counter - can be purchased over the counter without a prescription
PRESCRIPTION• Cannot be purchased without a doctor’s
prescription
Prevention of CVD = cardiovascular disease
• Diet
• Exercise
• Reduce salt intake
• Yearly exam by doctor
• Reduce stress
SAFE
• S = stay calm
• A = ask questions
• F = find out feelings
• E = exchange ideas for solution
• Process used to communicate effectively with an abuser
Emotional Abuse
• When a dating partner is experiencing a psychological rather than physical abuse
• Ex. Criticizing partner
Physical Abuse
• Physical harm
• Hitting
• Biting
• Pinching
• Rape
Help a friend in abusive relationship
• Talk to friend
• Tell an adult you trust
• Get help
• Call hotline #
FDA – ADD TO YOUR PACKET
• Food and Drug Administration
• A federal agency that regulates medicines
Make sure you study!
• I would like to thank each and every one of you for being such wonderful students! I had a terrific time teaching you and you taught me a lot about being a teacher.
• Have a SAFE and AWESOME summer!
• Sincerely, Ms(z). Fohr