Post on 16-Jan-2016
transcript
ALCOS OBJECTIVE 1
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Kingdom plante consists of 10 divisions Anthocerophyta – Hornworts Bryophyta – Mosses Hepatophyta – Liverworts Lycophyta – Clubmosses and Spikemosses Pterophyta – Ferns and Horsetails Cycadophyta – Cycads Ginkgophyta – Ginkgo and Maidenhair Gnetophyta Coniferophyta – conifers Anthophyta – Flowering plants
Diversity of Plants
Bryophytes Nonvascular seedless
plants Small, grow near
water Dominant
gametophyte Originated 475 mya
Division Anthocerophyta Hornworts Sporophyte typically
5cm in height ~ 100 extant species
Phaeoceros laevis Anthoceros agrestis
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Bryophyta Mosses Sporophyte typically
~15cm in height Form dense mats 15 000 extant species Found on every
continent except Antarctica
Pyrrhobryum spiniforme Sphagnum sp.
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Hepatophyta Liverworts Sporophyte less than
5cm in height Typically found in
tropical or subtropical regions
~9000 extant species
Frullania ericoides Marchantia polymorpha
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Seedless vascular plants Evolution of vascular
tissue Dominant sporophyte Originated 420 mya
Division Lycophyta Clubmosses and
Spikemosses ~1200 extant species Most primitive
vascular plants
Lycopodium tristachyum
Selaginella apoda
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Pterophyta Ferns, Horsetails and
Wisk ferns 12 000 extant species Thrive in temperate
climates Dominated forest of
carboniferous period
Osmunda cinnamomeaPolystichum acrostichoides
Diversity of Plants
Cheilanthes alabamensis
Trichomanes petersii
Diversity of Plants
Psilotum nudum Equisetum hyemale
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Vascular seed plants Evolution of seeds Dominant sporophyte Originated 360 mya
Division Cycadophyta Cycads ~100 extant species Grow exclusively in
tropical habitats Only species found
wild in U.S grows in Florida
Cycas circinalis Encephalartos sclavoi
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Ginkgophyta 1 extant species Ginkgo biloba Cultivated trees Maidenhair tree Fan-like leaves turn
gold in autumn
Diversity of Plants
Division Gnetophyta Gnetophytes 75 extant species Most species found in
desert regions Some species may live
to be over 1000 years old
Ephedra torreyana Welwitschia Mirabilis
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Coniferophyta Conifers 600 extant species Most are evergreen Adaptations for
conserving water
Pinus palustris Pinus taeda
Diversity of Plants
Taxodium distichum Juniperus virginiana
Diversity of Plants
Diversity of Plants
Division Anthophyta Flowering plants Subdivided into
Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons
Monocotyledons 65 000 extant species Grasses, orchids, lilies
and palms Dicotyledons
185 000 extant species Shrubs, trees, cacti,
wildflowers, garden flowers, vegetables and herbs
Digitaria sp. Andropogon glomeratus
Diversity of Plants
Hymenocallis coronaria Platanthera ciliaris
Diversity of Plants
Myrica cerifera Smilax laurifolia
Diversity of Plants
Acer rubrum Liquidambar styraciflua
Diversity of Plants
Quercus rubra Quercus alba
Diversity of Plants
Spigelia marilandica Mitchella repens
Diversity of Plants
Clitora mariana Trillium sp.
Diversity of Plants
Dichotomous Keys
Dichotomous Key Made up of set of numbered statements Each set deals with a single characteristic of the
organism Leaf shape or leaf arrangement Bark and twig structure Flower arrangement and structure
A key to the trees of Alabama http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-0509/ANR-0509.p
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