Post on 13-Dec-2015
transcript
Martin Luther’s 95 Theses
Rejected Catholic ideals, most significantly the selling of indulgences
Salvation can be achieved through good deeds alone
1517
Peace of Augsburg
Agreement between Charles V and Protestant princes
Allowed princes to decide their land’s religion
Religious freedom
1555
Charles V
Extremely Catholic
Suppress Protestantism
Wished for son to rule after him
Protestant Revolution
Diet of Worms Diet of Speyer Peace of
Augsburg
1519 – 1556
Congress of Vienna
Metternich secures valuable treaties, weakening France
European Congress system (balance of power)
Secured Germany’s power in Europe
1815
Era of Suppression
The Holy Alliance (Russia, Austria, Prussia) suppresses liberal movements
Carlsbad Decrees by Metternich to censor liberal thought
Steps to prevent revolution
After Napoleonic Wars
North German Confederation
Preceded by the ineffective German Confederation
Most German states, excluding Austria
Otto von Bismarck
Leads to the German Empire
1866 – 1871
Otto von Bismarck
No co-operation with Austria any longer
“…great questions of today will be settled by… blood and iron.”
Subdue any challengers
Blood and Iron Speech Austro-Prussian War German Unification Franco-Prussian War
1862 – 1890
Forced into depression due to WWI reparations, loss of territories and hyper inflation
German 1900’s (Before WW1)
World War II
Second world conflict enacted by Germany, in desperation
Almost single-handedly conquered Europe
Nazi propaganda used to justify war
1939 – 1945
The Holocaust
Genocide of over 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany
Extreme devotion by Germans
Propaganda Horror of Anti-
Semitism Most well known
event in Germany
1939? – 1945
German Separation
Split among victorious Allies (US, Great Britain, France, USSR)
Democratic West and Communist East
Hadn’t been separated since 1871
Damaged German unity
1945 – 1989
Adolf Hitler
1920 Formed Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi)
1933 Elected Chancellor 1939 Invades Poland,
WWII begins Over 6 million Jews
slaughtered Great Depression 1936 Berlin Olympics Holocaust World War II
1933 – 1945
Treaty of Moscow
Treaty between Germany and USSR
Served as a model and political basis of future European co-operation
Preserved division between East and West Germany
1970
Fall of the Berlin Wall
East and West Germany unified
Physical breakdown and symbolic downfall of Communism
1989