Post on 30-Jun-2020
transcript
Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com
( Received 16 December 2018; Accepted 06 January 2019; Date of Publication 07 January 2019 )
WSN 118 (2019) 17-42 EISSN 2392-2192
Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Rutelinae: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, West Bengal, India.
Part – II
Subhankar Kumar Sarkar1,a, Sumana Saha2,b, Dinendra Raychaudhuri3,c
1Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, PIN – 741235, India
2Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College, 10 K.N.C Road, Barasat (N 24 Parganas), Kolkata - 700124, West Bengal, India
3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, IRDM Faculty Centre, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Narendrapur, Kolkata - 700103, West Bengal, India
a-cE-mail address: rishi.subho@gmail.com , sahasumana2010@gmail.com , dinendrarccu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In continuation to Part-I of the discourse, detailed taxonomic account of the remaining 10 species
of Anomala Samouelle, 1819 out of the total 20 species recorded from Buxa Tiger Reserve is presented
herewith. An identification key of all the species dealt in both Part I & Part II is provided in Part-I. Each
of the 10 species dealt in this paper is redescribed, illustrated and supplemented by digital images. A
note on the distribution of the recorded taxa is also provided.
Keywords: Anomala, Rutelinae, Scarabaeidae, Redescription, Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, India
1. INTRODUCTION
As stated in Part-I of the treatise, genus Anomala, though have one of the largest species
representation and cosmopolitan distribution, lacks comprehensive taxonomic exposition
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-18-
particularly from this part of the world. The genus is known to be composed of 1000 species
globally of which 800 are reported from the old world (Jameson et al. 2003). Indian Anomala
however is known by the regional works of Mittal (1999, 2005), Chatterjee & Biswas (1995),
Saha & Raychaudhuri (1998), Raychaudhuri & Saha (2014), Sarkar et al. (2010, 2017),
Chandra (1988, 2005), Chandra & Ahirwar (2005), Chandra & Uniyal (2007), Chandra et al.
(2012), Chandra & Gupta (2012a, 2012b, 2012c).
The study area, Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR) represents one of the tropical rain forests of
Eastern Himalayas which is one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots of the world and one of the four
of India and is located in West Bengal, India.
In an attempt to provide detailed taxonomic account of the insect fauna of the hyper
diverse BTR, the authors have recorded 76 scarab species (Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998; Sarkar
et al. 2010, 2014, 2015, 2016a, 2016b, 2016c, 2017, 2018) of which 20 belong to the genus
Anomala. In Part-I of the article, taxonomic account of 10 species was presented and the
remaining 10 are dealt here in this paper. Each of the taxa is redescribed and illustrated nearly
after a century since Arrow (1917). A key for identification of all the 20 recorded species is
presented in Part-I of the discourse. A note on the distribution of the recorded species is also
provided in both Part-I & Part-II. The taxa are considered sensu Arrow (1917) and Potts (1974,
1977).
Study area
Detailed information about the study area and a location map is provided in Part–I (Sarkar
et al. 2017) of the discourse.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Material and methods used in the work is discussed in Part–I (Sarkar et al. 2017) of the
monologue.
3. RESULTS
Family Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802
Subfamily Rutelinae MacLeay, 1819
Tribe Anomalini Streubel, 1839
Subtribe Anomalina Streubel, 1839
Genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819
Anomala Samouelle, 1819, The Entomologist’s Useful Companion, p. 191.
Diagnosis: Body short, broad or elongate; opaque or shiny; labrum horizontal; antennae 9-10
segmented; head short and broad, transverse; clypeus semicircular or rectangular, front margin
straight, curved or medially notched; pronotum transverse, sides medially round or medially
angulate, base round or sinuate; elytra punctate striate or sulcate or punctured in longitudinal
rows, apical and sutural margins often with membranous fringe; pygidial apex round; fore tibia
bi or tridentate, mid and hind tibiae carinate externally and truncate at extremity.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-19-
Type species: Melolontha aenea De Geer, 1775
Distribution: Worldwide (Redtenbacher 1848; Blanchard 1851; Arrow 1917; Machatschke
1957, 1972, 1974; Chatterjee & Biswas 1995; Moron et al. 1997; Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998;
Jameson 2002; Chandra 1988, 2005; Chandra & Ahirwar 2005; Chandra & Uniyal 2007;
Chandra et al. 2012; Chandra & Gupta 2012a, 2012b, 2012c; Raychaudhuri & Saha 2014;
Sarkar et al. 2010, 2017; Ratcliffe & Jameson 2017; GBIF 2017).
Key to species:
Key to all the 20 species recorded from the study area is provided in Part-I (Sarkar et al. 2017).
Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912
(Figures 1A, 2A-B, 3A-J)
Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912: 329.
Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1917: 156.
Description: ♂
Length 13.62 mm, humeral width 6 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1A, 3A): Testaceous with clypeus, anterior part of head, hind
tibiae and all tarsi brownish red; shiny; venter scantily pubescent.
Head (Figures 3A, 3B): Small and transverse; minutely and densely punctured.
Clypeus (Figures 3A, 3B): Short and transverse; minutely and densely punctured; front margin
strongly reflexed, medially notched and bilobed.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 3A, 3B): Marked by a transverse sinuate carina.
Interocular width: 3.11 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 3C): 10 segmented, club 0.82 x stem.
Pronotum (Figures 3A, 3B): Transverse; minutely and densely punctured; sides round; base
finely margined, sinuate and roundly produced into a lobe at middle; front angles acute and
hind angles round.
Scutellum (Figure 3A): Short; obtusely triangular; minutely punctured; sides gradually round;
apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 3A): Finely punctured in longitudinal and irregular lines; intervals irregularly
punctured, 2nd wide anteriorly; angles nearly right angle; humps elevated.
Pygidium (Figure 3D): Coarsely punctured forming rugosity.
Mesosternum (Figure 3E): Minutely and densely punctured; medially marked by a longitudinal
line.
Fore tibia (Figure 3F): Tridentate; subterminally with 1 sharp and pointed spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 3G, 3H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 3F, 3G, 3H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 3F, 3G, 3H): Fore unequal, with the longer one cleft; mid and hind equal.
Parameres (Figures 2A, 2B, 3I, 3J): Short and elongate; base broad; sides straight; inner margin
sinuate; apex blunt.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-20-
Material examined: 1♂, Damanpur, BTR, 02.ix.02, coll. S.K. Sarkar; 1♂, Nimati, BTR,
13.iii.03, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917; Chatterjee & Biswas 1995; Saha &
Raychaudhuri 1998).
Anomala bilunata Fairmarie, 1888
(Figures 1B, 4A-H)
Anomala bilunata Fairmarie, 1888: 341.
Anomala bilunata Arrow, 1917: 147.
Description: ♀
Length 10.9 mm, humeral width 5.6 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical, compact and moderately
convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1B, 4A): Testaceous with clypeus and head red brown; vertex of
head, a faint midlongitudinal and a small anterolateral patch on each side of pronotum, elytral
suture, hind tibiae and all tarsi dark brown; shiny except opaque lateral areas of elytra
Head (Figures 4A, 4B): Short and transverse; rugose.
Clypeus (Figures 4A, 4B): Short; rugose; front margin medially straight and round and at
angles.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 4A, 4B): Medially marked by a transverse sinuate line and
laterally by a carina on each side.
Interocular width: 3.63 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 4C): 09 segmented, club 0.94 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 4A): Coarsely and densely punctured; with a mid-longitudinal line at its
anterior half; sides gradually round; base sinuate and roundly produced at middle; front angles
acute and hind angles obsolete.
Scutellum (Figure 4A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides round; apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 4A): Deeply sulcate, with coarse confluent punctures in the sulci; intervals
minutely and scantily punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps indistinct.
Pygidium (Figure 4D): Coarsely and densely punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 4E): Medially smooth, laterally coarsely and densely punctured.
Fore tibia (Figure 4F): Tridentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 4G, 4H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 4F, 4G, 4H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 4F, 4G, 4H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 19.v.95, coll. S. Saha; 1♀, Raimatang, BTR,
30.v.96, coll. S. Saha; 1♀, Nimati, BTR, 24.vi.03, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: Assam, Manipur, Sikkim and West Bengal; Bhutan; China (Arrow 1917;
Chatterjee & Biswas 1995; Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998; Chandra & Ahirwar 2005).
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-21-
Anomala pusilla Arrow, 1912
(Figures 1C, 5A-H)
Anomala pusilla Arrow, 1912: 82.
Anomala pusilla Arrow, 1917: 263.
Description: ♀
Length 11 mm, humeral width 4.36 mm. Body short, oval, narrow in front, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1C, 5A): Pale yellow, with golden suffusion above; clypeus,
forehead and pronotumred brown; a faint mid-longitudinal patch on each side of pronotum
black; opaque except shiny pygidium.
Head (Figures 5A, 5B): Short and transverse; rugosely punctured.
Clypeus (Figures 5A, 5B): Short; rugosely punctured; front margin round.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 5A, 5B): Marked by a transverse straight line.
Interocular width: 6.5 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 5C): 9 segmented, club 0.78 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 5A): Coarsely and densely punctured at sides, medially nearly smooth; sides
angulate at middle; base round; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.
Scutellum (Figure 5A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides sinuate; apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 5A): Deeply punctate striate, striae 10 on each disc; intervals minutely and
scantily punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps indistinct.
Pygidium (Figure 5D): Coarsely rugose.
Mesosternum (Figure 5E): Rugose.
Fore tibia (Figure 5F): Sharply bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 5G, 5H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 5F, 5G, 5H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 5F, 5G, 5H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, Panbari, BTR, 20.iii.04, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: Assam, Manipur, Sikkim and West Bengal (Arrow 1917; Chatterjee &
Biswas 1995; Sarkar et al. 2010).
Anomala birmana Heller, 1891
(Figures 1D-E, 2C-D, 6A-J)
Anomala birmana Heller, 1891: 297.
Anomala birmana Arrow, 1917: 181.
Description: ♂
Length 9.8 mm, humeral width 4.66 mm. Body short, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1D, 6A): Pale testaceous yellow with head, median part of
pronotum, basal and lateral margins of elytra dark brown; shiny.
Head (Figures 6A, 6B): Short and transverse; rugose.
Clypeus (Figures 6A, 6B): Short; semicircular; rugose; front margin medially straight and round
at angles.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-22-
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 6A, 6B): Marked by a transverse curved line.
Interocular width: 4.5 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 6C): 9 segmented, club 0.72 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 6A): Minutely and densely punctured; with a mid-longitudinal line; sides
round; base gently round; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.
Scutellum (Figure 6A): Broader than long; minutely punctured; sides round; apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 6A): Coarsely punctured in uniform longitudinal rows; intervals minutely and
scantily punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps indistinct.
Pygidium (Figure 6D): Coarsely and confluently punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 6E): Coarsely and densely punctured.
Fore tibia (Figure 6F): Bluntly bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 6G, 6H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 6F, 6G, 6H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 6F, 6G, 6H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Parameres (Figures 2C, 2D, 6I, 6J): Long; base broad; sides sinuate; inner margin nearly
straight; apex conical, inner angle acute.
Material examined: 2♂1♀, Nimati, BTR, 21.v.97, coll. S. Saha.
Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917; Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).
Anomala (Singhala) polymorpha Arrow, 1911
(Figures 1F, 7A-H)
Anomala (Singhala) polymorpha Arrow, 1911: 486.
Anomala polymorpha Arrow, 1917: 134.
Description: ♀
Length 13.3 mm, humeral width 5.71 mm. Body narrow, oval, compact and moderately convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1F, 7A): Pale testaceous yellow; metallic; with clypeus, head
and pygidium brown; moderately shiny.
Head (Figures 7A, 7B): Short; coarsely and densely punctured.
Clypeus (Figures 7A, 7B): Short; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin medially
straight; angles sharp.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 7A, 7B): Medially marked by a transverse curved line.
Interocular width: 3.5 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 7C): 11 segmented, club 0.83 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 7A): Minutely and sparingly punctured; sides and base gradually round, latter
narrowly margined; front angles acute and hind angles obsolete.
Scutellum (Figure 7A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides straight; apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 7A): Deeply punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals minutely and scantily
punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps indistinct.
Pygidium (Figure 7D): Coarsely and densely punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 7E): Coarsely and densely punctured.
Fore tibia (Figure 7F): Bluntly bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-23-
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 7G, 7H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 7F, 7G, 7H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 7F, 7G, 7H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 2♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 04.iv.03, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal
(Arrow 1917; Sarkar et al. 2010).
Anomala fissilabris Arrow, 1912
(Figures 1G, 8A-H)
Anomala fissilabris Arrow, 1912:331.
Anomala fissilabris Arrow, 1917:157.
Description: ♀
Length 13 mm, humeral width 5.6 mm. Body elongate, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1G, 8A): Testaceous with head and clypeus dark brown; margins
of pronotum, scutellum and elytral suture black; pronotumanterolaterally on both side with a
faint and broken black spot; hind tibiae and tarsi reddish black; venter scantily setose.
Head (Figures 8A, 8B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured.
Clypeus (Figures 8A, 8B): Short and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured; front margin
reflexed, medially notched and bilobed.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 8A, 8B): Marked medially by a transverse sinuate line and
laterally by a carina on each side.
Interocular width: 4.75 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 8C): 9 segmented, club 1.05 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 8A): Transverse; roughly hexagonal; nearly smooth except few coarse
punctures; anterolaterally with an indication of a little elevation on each side; sides roughly
angulate at middle; base round; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.
Scutellum (Figure 8A): Obtusely triangular; minutely punctured; sides gradually round; apex
blunt.
Elytra (Figure 8A): Finely punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals scatteredly punctured;
lateral margin elevated and reflexed; apex and suture with a fine membranous flange; humeral
angles obtuse and apical angles not formed; humeral hump elevated and apical hump evident.
Pygidium (Figure 8D): Scantily and minutely punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 8E): Finely punctured; medially marked by a longitudinal line.
Fore tibia (Figure 8F): Tridentate, third smallest; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 8G, 8H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 8F, 8G, 8H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 8F, 8G, 8H): Fore unequal, with the longer one cleft; mid and hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, Nimati, BTR, 24.vi.03, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917; Sarkar et al. 2010).
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-24-
Anomala biharensis Arrow, 1917
(Figures 1H, 9A-H)
Anomala biharensis Arrow, 1917: 166.
Description: ♀
Length 13.85 mm, humeral width 6.28 mm. Body moderately elongate, oval, compact and
convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1H, 9A): Pale testaceous yellow with head, margins of clypeus,
pronotum, scutellum and elytra, extremities of tibiae and tarsi brown; smooth and shiny.
Head (Figures 9A, 9B): Short and transverse; minutely and densely punctured.
Clypeus (Figures 9A, 9B): Short; transversely rectangular; rugose; front margin strongly
reflexed, nearly straight and round at angles.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 9A, 9B): Marked by a transverse straight line.
Interocular width: 3 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 9C): 9 segmented, club 0.84 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 9A): Minutely and densely punctured; margins elevated; sides gradually
round; base round and margined; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.
Scutellum (Figure 9A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides round; apex blunt.
Elytra (Figure 9A): Punctate striate, striae 7 on each disc; intervals scantily punctured; humeral
angles obtuse and apical angles acute; humps evident.
Pygidium (Figure 9D): Rugose.
Mesosternum (Figure 9E): Laterally rugose, medially smooth and marked by a longitudinal
line.
Fore tibia (Figure 9F): Tridentate, third very feeble; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 9G, 9H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long spines
at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 9F, 9G, 9H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 9F, 9G, 9H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one of fore cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, South Volka, BTR, 19.v.97, coll. S. Saha.
Distribution: India: Bihar and West Bengal (Arrow 1917; Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).
Anomala variegata Hope, 1831
(Figures 1 I, 10A-H)
Anomala variegata Hope, 1831: 24.
Anomala variegata Arrow, 1917: 192.
Description: ♀
Length 12.88 mm, humeral width 5.55 mm. Body short, oval, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1I, 10A): Testaceous with clypeus and head red brown; pronotum
basally and marginally, hind tibiae and tarsi black brown; pronotum decorated with a black,
longitudinal and irregular mark extending from front to near base on each side of middle; venter
scantily setose.
Head (Figures 10A, 10B): Elongate and transverse; coarsely and densely punctured.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-25-
Clypeus (Figures 10A, 10B): Short and transverse; depressed; coarsely and densely punctured;
front margin reflexed and gently round at angles.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 10A, 10B): Marked by a transverse sinuate carina.
Interocular width: 1.54 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 10C): 9 segmented, club 0.68 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 10A): Transverse; minutely and densely punctured; sides gradually round;
base gently round; front angles acute and hind angles obtuse.
Scutellum (Figure 10A): Short; obtusely triangular; nearly smooth; margins with a membranous
fringe; sides gradually round; apex bluntly pointed.
Elytra (Figure 10A): Punctate striate, striae 13 on each disc; intervals smooth; margins elevated
and laterally reflexed; apex and suture with a fine membranous fringe; humeral and apical
angles nearly right angles; humps evident.
Pygidium (Figure 10D): Transversely rugose.
Mesosternum (Figure 10E): Laterally coarsely punctured; medially smooth, depressed and
marked by a longitudinal line.
Fore tibia (Figure 10F): Sharply bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 10G, 10H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long
spines at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 10F, 10G, 10H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 10F, 10G, 10H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 18.v.95, coll. D. Raychaudhuri; 1♀,
Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 19.v.95, coll. S.Saha; 1♀, Gadadhar, BTR, 16.ix.96, coll. D.
Raychaudhuri; 1♀, Hatipota, BTR, 19.iv.02, coll. S.K. Sarkar; 1♀, Ghoramara, BTR, 30.iv.02,
coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: Sikkim and West Bengal; Nepal (Arrow 1917; Chatterjee & Biswas 1995;
Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).
Anomala tincticeps Arrow, 1917
(Figures 1J-K, 2E-F, 11A-J)
Anomala tincticeps Arrow, 1917: 154.
Description: ♂
Length 9.42 mm, humeral width 4.5 mm. Body short, oval, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1J, 11A): Pale testaceous yellow, with head, sutural margin of
elytra, all tibiae and tarsi blackish red; moderately smooth and shiny; sides of sternum scantily
setose.
Head (Figures 11A, 11B): Short and transverse; rugose.
Clypeus (Figures 11A, 11B): Short; rugose; front margin round and reflexed.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 11A, 11B): Marked by a transverse straight line.
Interocular width: 3 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 11C): 9 segmented, club 0.94 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 11A): Minutely and densely punctured; sides and base gradually round, latter
finely margined; front angles acute and hind angles obsolete.
Scutellum (Figure 11A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides round; apex conical.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-26-
Elytra (Figure 11A): Coarsely punctate striate, striae 7 on each disc; intervals minutely and
scantily punctured; humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps indistinct.
Pygidium (Figure 11D): Coarsely and densely punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 11E): Medially smooth, laterally coarsely and densely punctured.
Fore tibia (Figure 11F): Sharply bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 11G, 11H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long
spines at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 11F, 11G, 11H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 11F, 11G, 11H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Parameres (Figures 3E, 3F, 11I, 11J): Short and elongate; base broad; sides straight; inner
margin sinuate and medially bluntly toothed; apex conical.
♀: First tooth of fore tibia very sharp and long.
Material examined: 1♀, Rajabhatkhawa, BTR, 20.v.95, coll. S. Saha; 1♂, Raimatang, BTR,
30.v.96, coll. S. Saha.
Distribution: India: West Bengal; Myanmar (Arrow 1917; Saha & Raychaudhuri 1998).
Anomala siliguria Arrow, 1917
(Figures 1L, 12A-H)
Anomala siliguria Arrow, 1917: 188.
Description: ♀
Length 8.3 mm, humeral width 3.3 mm. Body short, oval, compact and convex.
Colour and markings (Figures 1L, 12A): Testaceous, with clypeus, head, pronotum, scutellum,
elytral suture, extremities of all tibiae and tarsi red; suffused with a metallic lusture except on
elytra and lower surface; moderately shiny.
Head (Figures 12A, 12B): Short and transverse; rugose.
Clypeus (Figures 12A, 12B): Short; rugose; front margin round and strongly reflexed.
Fronto-clypeal suture (Figures 12A, 12B): Marked by a transverse straight line.
Interocular width: 2.3 x transverse eye diameter.
Antenna (Figure 12C): 9 segmented, club 0.88 x stem.
Pronotum (Figure 12A): Coarsely, densely and deeply punctured; sides and base gradually
round; front angles acute and hind angles obsolete.
Scutellum (Figure 12A): Short; scantily and minutely punctured; sides round; apex conical.
Elytra (Figure 12A): Coarsely and deeply punctured in longitudinal rows; intervals smooth;
humeral and apical angles nearly right angle; humps evident.
Pygidium (Figure 12D): Coarsely, densely and very distinctly punctured.
Mesosternum (Figure 12E): Medially smooth, laterally coarsely and densely punctured.
Fore tibia (Figure 12F): Bluntly bidentate; subterminally with 1 short spur.
Mid and hind tibiae (Figures 12G, 12H): Carinate externally; truncate and fringed with long
spines at extremity; terminally with 2 unequal spurs.
Tarsi (Figures 12F, 12G, 12H): 5 segmented.
Claws (Figures 12F, 12G, 12H): Fore and mid unequal, with the longer one cleft; hind equal.
Material examined: 1♀, Damanpur, BTR, 02.v.02, coll. S.K. Sarkar.
Distribution: India: Sikkim, Uttarakhand and West Bengal (Arrow 1917; Sarkar et al. 2010).
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-27-
4. CONCLUSIONS
The present discourse provides a first ever comprehensive taxonomic account of beetles
comprising the genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 under the subfamily Rutelinae (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae) occurring in Buxa Tiger Reserve. The survey for insect fauna of the study area
yielded in the recognition of 76 scarab species, of which 36 belong to the subfamily Rutelinae.
The genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 dominates the subfamily Rutelinae as well as the family
Scarabaeidae with 20 species representation and speaks high in terms of species richness.
Photographic documentation, illustrations, key for identification and redescription of all the
recorded species will be of immense value for future researchers while undertaking the
taxonomic study of scarab beetles in India.
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to MOEF, GOI for financing the research work (Sanction no. – 14/34/2000-ERS/RE,
Dt.17/10/01), Hon’ble Vice chancellor, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Kalyani University and
Calcutta University for providing necessary laboratory facilities. Thanks are extended to all officials and field
staffs of Buxa Tiger Reserve for their cooperation during field work. Thanks are due to all colleagues for their
assistance during the entire work.
References
[1] Arrow G J. 1911. Some new species of the Coleopterous Genus Anomala from Southern
India. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8: 473-488.
[2] Arrow G J. 1912. Some new species of the LamellicornGenus Anomala from Sikkim,
North India. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8(9): 72-84.
[3] Arrow G J. 1917. The fauna of British India including Ceylon & Burma. Coleoptera:
Lamellicornia (Rutelinae, Desmonycinae and Euchirinae), Pl-V (Taylor & Francis)
London, II: 1-387.
[4] Blanchard E. 1851. Catalogue de la collection entomologique. Classe des insectes.
Ordre des coléoptères. Tome I. Professeur-administrateur: m. Milne-Edwards. Aide-
naturaliste: m. Émile Blanchard, sous-aide: m. H. Lucas, Paris, 1-240.
[5] Chandra K. 1988. Taxonomic studies on PleurostictScarabaeidae (Coleoptera) of north-
west India. Y.E.S. Quarterly, U.S.A. 5 (1): 20-27.
[6] Chandra K. 2005. Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Zoological Survey of India, Fauna
of Western Himalayas, Himachal Pradesh (Part 2): 141-155.
[7] Chandra K & Ahirwar S C. 2005. Scarabaeid beetles of Bandhavgarh National Park,
Madhya Pradesh. Zoo’s Print Journal 20: 1961-64.
[8] Chandra K & Gupta D. 2012a. Pleurostict scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): New
distributional records in Arunachal Pradesh, north-east India. Check List 8(5): 889–893.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-28-
[9] Chandra K & Gupta D. 2012b. Diversity and Relative Abundance of Pleurostict
Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) in Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, Central
India. World Journal of Zoology 7 (2): 147-154.
[10] Chandra K & Gupta D. 2012c. An inventory of scarab beetles (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae) of Achanakmar-Amarkantak biosphere reserve, Chhattisgarh, India.
International Journal of Science and Nature 3(4): 886-891.
[11] Chandra K & Uniyal VP. 2007. On a collection of PleurostictScarabaeidae (Coleoptera)
from the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Zoo’s Print Journal
22(9): 2821-2823.
[12] Chandra K, Gupta D, Uniyal V P, Sanyal A K & Bhargav V. 2012. Taxonomic studies
on Lamellicorn Scarabaeids (Coleoptera) of Simbalbara Wildlife Sanctuary, Sirmour,
Himachal Pradesh, India. Records of the Zoological survey of India 112(Part-I): 81-91.
[13] Chatterjee SK & Biswas S. 1995. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Dynastinae:
Rutelinae). Zoological Survey of India. State Fauna Series III. Fauna of West Bengal
Part VI (A): 363-447.
[14] Fairmarie L. 1888. Notes sur quelques Coléoptères du Soudan et de
l´Indeboréalerecueillis par MM Stanislas et Constantin Rembielinski. Annales de la
Societe Entomologique de France 6(2): 65-68.
[15] GBIF. 2017. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. http://data.gbif.org/species/
browse/resource/ 1/ taxon/ 5840/ classification of Family: Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802/
Accessed on 12.03.2017.
[16] Heller K M. 1891. Die mit der Ruteliden-Gattung Singhala Burm. Verwandten
Gattungen und Arten // Deutshe Entomologische Zeitschrift S: 289-306.
[17] Hope FW. 1831. Gray: Synopsis of the new species of Nepal insects in the collection of
Major General Hardwicke. Zoological Miscellany 1: 21-32.
[18] Jameson M L. 2002. Rutelinae MacLeay 1819, In R H Arnett, M C Thomas, P E
Skelley, and J H Frank (eds.), American beetles. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through
Curculionoidea. CRC, New York. 60-64.
[19] Jameson M L, Paucar-Cabrera A & Solis A. 2003. Synopsis of the New World Genera
of Anomalini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) and Description of a New Genus
from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 96(4):
415-432.
[20] Machatschke J W. 1957. ColeopteraLamellicornia. Fam. Scarabaeidae. Subfam.
Rutelinae. In: Wytsman P. (ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicule 199b, Bruxelles,
Desmet-Verteneuil: 1- 219.
[21] Machatschke J W. 1972–1974. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae. Catalogus
Coleopterorum Supplementa, Pars 66, Fascicles 1 - 2: 1 - 361 and 363 - 429.
[22] Moron M A, Ratcliffe B C. & Deloya C. 1997. Atlas de losEscarabajos de Me´xico.
Coleoptera: Lamellicornia. vol. 1FamiliaMelolonthidae. SubfamiliasRutelinae,
Dynastinae, Cetoniinae, Trichiinae, Valginae y Melolonthinae. Sociedad Mexicana de
Entomologõa, Veracruz, Mexico.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-29-
[23] Mittal I C. 1999. Annotated list of scarab fauna (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) of Western
Uttar Pradesh (India). Annals of Entomology 17(2): 25-43.
[24] Mittal I C. 2005. Diversity and Conservation Status of Dung Beetles (Laparosticti:
Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera). North India, Bulletin of National Institute of Ecology 15: 43-
51.
[25] Potts R L. 1974. Revision of the Scarabaeidae: Anomalinae. 1. The genera occurring in
the United States and Canada. Pan-Pacific Entomol 50: 148-154.
[26] Potts R L. 1977. Revision of the Scarabaeidae: Anomalinae. 3. A key to the species of
Anomalaof America North of Mexico. Pan-Pacific Entomol 53: 129-134.
[27] Ratcliffe B C & Jameson M L. 2017. Generic guide to New World Scarab Beetles.
Availablefrom:http://www.museum.unl.edu/research/entomology/Guide/Scarabaeoidea/
Scarabaeidae/Scarabaeidae-pages/Scarabaeidae-Overview/ScarabaeidaeO.html/
Generated on 19.03.2001/Last modified on 19.09.2005/ (Accessed on 2.10.2017).
[28] Raychaudhuri D & Saha S. 2014. Atlas of Insects and spiders of Buxa Tiger Reserve.
West Bengal Biodiversity Board and Nature Books India 1-357.
[29] Redtenbacher E. 1848. In: Kollar V. & Redtenbacher E. (ed.), Enumeration and
description of the insects collected by Freiherrn Carl von Hill on his journey through
Kashmir and the Himalayas mountain range. Hill, C.F., from: Kashmir and the
Kingdom of Siek: Hallberger's- Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 4 (2): 497-564; 582-585.
[30] Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 1998. Leaf chafer beetles (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae:
Anomalini) of Buxa Tiger Reserve, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal. Insect Environment 4(1):
24.
[31] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2010. Further additions to the scarab beetles of
Buxa Tiger Reserve, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal. Bionotes 12(4): 131-132.
[32] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2014. Taxonomic account of Dynastinae fauna
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve (West Bengal, India). Romanian
Journal of Biology- Zoology 59(2): 89-111.
[33] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2015. On the taxonomy of Scarabaeine fauna
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR), West Bengal, India. Munis
Entomology & Zoology 10(1): 18-48.
[34] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2016a. On the Mimela Kirby, 1823 (Rutelinae:
Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve (a forest under biodiversity hot spot zone),
Dooars, West Bengal, India. World Scientific News 50: 95-105.
[35] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2016b. Taxonomic account of Popillia Dejean,
1821 (Rutelinae: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve (A forest under biodiversity hot
spot zone), Dooars, West Bengal, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
4(4): 581-585.
[36] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2016c. Taxonomic studies on Adoretus Dejean,
1833 (Rutelinae: Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve (a forest under biodiversity
hotspot zone), Dooars, West Bengal, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
4(6): 1-11.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-30-
[37] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2017. Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Rutelinae:
Scarabaeidae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, West Bengal, India. Part-I. World
Scientific News 65: 94-122.
[38] Sarkar S K, Saha S & Raychaudhuri D. 2018. Taxonomy of Oxycetonia Arrow, 1910
(Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) of Buxa Tiger Reserve, Dooars, West Bengal, India. Journal
of Entomological Research 42(1): 121-128.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-31-
Figures 1A-L. A - Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912, ♂ dorsal habitus; B - Anomala bilunata
Fairmarie, 1888, ♀ dorsal habitus; C - Anomala pusilla Arrow, 1912, ♀ dorsal habitus; D -
Anomala birmana Heller, 1891, ♂ dorsal habitus; E - Anomala birmana Heller, 1891, ♀dorsal
habitus; F - Anomala (Singhala) polymorpha Arrow, 1911, ♀ dorsal habitus; G - Anomala
fissilabris Arrow, 1912, ♀ dorsal habitus; H - Anomala biharensis Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal
habitus; I - Anomala variegata Hope, 1831, ♀ dorsal habitus; J - Anomala tincticeps Arrow,
1917, ♂ dorsal habitus; K - Anomala tincticeps Arrow, 1917, ♀ dorsal habitus; L - Anomala
siliguria Arrow, 1917, ♀dorsal habitus.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-32-
Figures 2 A-F. A - Genital capsule of Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912; B - Parameres of
Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912; C - Genital capsule of Anomala birmana Heller, 1891; D -
Parameres of Anomala birmana Heller, 1891; E - Genital capsule of Anomala tincticeps Arrow,
1917; F - Parameres of Anomala tincticeps Arrow, 1917.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-33-
Figures 3A-J. Anomala bilobata Arrow, 1912, Male: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head & Clypeus,
dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum, ventral
view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi & claws; I
- Genital capsule; J - Parameres. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-34-
Figures 4A-H. Anomala bilunata Fairmarie, 1888, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-35-
Figures 5A-H. Anomala pusilla Arrow, 1912, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head & Clypeus,
dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum, ventral
view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi & claws.
Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-36-
Figures 6A-J. Anomala birmana Heller, 1891, Male: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head & Clypeus,
dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum, ventral
view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi & claws; I
- Genital capsule; J - Parameres. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-37-
Figures 7A-H. Anomala (Singhala) polymorpha Arrow, 1911, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B -
Head & Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E -
Mesosternum, ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind
tibia, tarsi & claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-38-
Figures 8A-H. Anomala fissilabris Arrow, 1912, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-39-
Figures 9A-H. Anomala biharensis Arrow, 1917, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-40-
Figures 10A-H. Anomala variegata Hope, 1831, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-41-
Figures 11A-J. Anomala tincticeps Arrow, 1917, Male: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws; I - Genital capsule; J - Parameres. Scale bar – 1 mm.
World Scientific News 118 (2019) 17-42
-42-
Figures 12A-H. Anomala siliguria Arrow, 1917, Female: A - Dorsal habitus; B - Head &
Clypeus, dorsal view; C - Antenna, lateral view; D - Pygidium, dorsal view; E - Mesosternum,
ventral view; F - Fore tibia, tarsi & claws; G - Mid tibia, tarsi & claws; H - Hind tibia, tarsi &
claws. Scale bar – 1 mm.