AP Human Geography Week #26 Winter 2014. AP Human Geography 3/9/15 OBJECTIVE: Examine world...

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AP Human Geography Week #26

Winter 2014

AP Human Geography 3/9/15http://mrmilewski.com

• OBJECTIVE: Examine world agriculture and agribusiness. APHugV.B.1

• Language objective: Write about agriculture.• I. Journal#73 pt.A

-notes on agriculture & agribusiness• II. Quiz#45• III. Journal#73 pt.B

-Green Revolution-BBC on GMO’s

• Homework: Read p.370-376• Notice: Chapter#11 Test Monday March 16th • Notice: 67 Days until the AP Test May 15th

AP Exam Registration • Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash

(NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office, Mrs. Ganshorn.

• Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam.

• Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17th!

What Is the Global Pattern of Agriculture and Agribusiness?

Commercial agriculture: Large-scale farming and ranching operations that employ vast land bases, large mechanized equipment, factory-type labor forces, and the latest technology• Roots in colonial economic system• Today, global production made possible by

advances in transportation and food storage

World Climates(Köppen Classification System)

World Agriculture

• Definite correlation between the World Climate and Agriculture Maps

• Drier lands rely on livestock & ranching

• Moister climates marked with grain

production

• Extensive subsistence agriculture- Shifting cultivation- Pastoral nomadism

• Intensive subsistence agriculture–Intensive subsistence with wet rice

dominant–Intensive subsistence with wet rice not

dominant

Agriculture in LDCs

Extensive Subsistence Agriculture

Qashqai nomads using paved roads to move their animals near Shiraz, Iran.

Intensive Subsistence Agriculture

Terraces create flat land for wet (irrigated) rice on hilly land in Indonesia.

World Rice Production, 2005

Fig. 10-6: Asian farmers grow over 90% of the world’s rice. India and China alone account for over half of world rice production.

Plantation Agriculture- Cash crops are part of the colonial legacy:

sugar, bananas, coffee, cocoa, tea, rubber- Goal is to protect these cash crops:

- Governments implement quotas & offer subsidies, producers may attempt collective action and multinational corporations at times fight federal governments

- At times cash crops are grown instead of food crops

Contemporary Cash Crops• Cotton:

– Initially produced mostly in India, also Nile Delta, Punjab Region, Sudan, Uganda, Mexico & Brazil (European colonies)

– Now production is worldwide (Core countries also)– Now in competition with synthetic fibers

• Rubber: - Initially only found in rainforests along equator- As a result of colonization the largest plantations are

in SE Asia now- Now in competition with synthetic rubber

Homework• Review for the Final

Exam.• Chapter#11 Test is

Monday March 16th • AP Exam Monday is due

by March 17th

• OBJECTIVE: Examine world agriculture and agribusiness. APHugV.B.1

• Language objective: Write about agriculture.• I. Journal#74pt.A

-Watch the following:-Oregon Farmers Surprised to Find Fish in Fields

• II. Journal#74pt.B-notes on agriculture & agribusiness

• Homework: Review for the Final Exam• Notice: Chapter#11 Test Monday March 16th

• Notice: 66 Days until the AP Test May 15th

Luxury Crops• Suitable environment and

available labor in colonies led to establishment of plantations that focused on Luxury Crop production

• Examples: Tea, Cacao, Coffee, Tobacco

• Typically labor wages are very low

• Most of what is produced is sent abroad

Fair Trade Agriculture• Fair trade coffee: Shade-grown

coffee produced by certified fair-trade farmers, who then sell the coffee directly to coffee importers

• Guarantees a “fair trade price”• Over 500,000 registered farmers,

in more than 20 countries• Often organically grown• Purchase commitment by

Starbucks and other chains

Illegal Drugs• Difficult to map• Poppy: Heroin and Opium

production – SE & SW Asia, esp.

Myanmar (Burma) and Afghanistan

• Coca: Cocaine production– Colombia, Peru & Bolivia

• Marijuana: – most of what is imported into

the US comes from Mexico

• Mixed crop and livestock farming• Dairy farming• Grain farming• Livestock ranching• Mediterranean agriculture• Commercial gardening and fruit farming• Access to markets

Agriculture in Developed Countries

World Milk Production, 2005

Fig 10-8: Milk production reflects wealth, culture, and environment. It is usually high in MDCs, especially production per capita, and varies considerably in LDCs.

Milk Production in MDCs & LDCs1960-2005

Milk production has grown more rapidly in LDCs than in MDCs since the 1960s.

Combines on Wheat in Kansas

Combines can reap, thresh, and clean crops like wheat in a single operation.

Mediterranean Agriculture

Grapes loaded in vineyards on slopes above the Douro River in northern Portugal

Environmental Impacts of Commercial Farming

• Overfishing• Overgrazing• Clearing of forests to

facilitate agriculture and trade

• Leeching of pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, hormones and fertilizers into groundwater

Agribusiness and the Changing Geography of Agriculture

• Agribusiness: Businesses that provide a vast array of goods and services to support the agricultural industry

• Spatial concentration of agricultural activities

• Relationship to subsistence farming– Privileged large landowners– Government organization of

agriculture • Impact of markets

Poultry Farming

Hog Production

Loss of Productive Farmland

Farmland in danger of

being suburbanized

as cities expand

Farmland Loss in Maryland

by March 17th

• OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of AP Human Geography Concepts covered in this course to current date. APHug:Various

• Language objective: Write about agriculture.• I. Attendance• II. Quiz#46• III. Films: News clip on agriculture

-Watch the following:-Stripe Rust in Wheat

• IV. Review for Final Exams Tomorrow Hours: 1,2,&3

• Notice: Chapter#11 Test is on Monday March 16th • Notice: 65 Days until the AP Test May 15th

by March 17th

• OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of AP Human Geography Concepts covered in this course to current date. APHug:Various

• I. Attendance• II. Final Exam Hours: 1,2,&3

• Notice: Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16th

Homework• Review for Chapter#11

Test on Monday March 16th

• AP Exam Monday is due by March 17th

• NO SCHOOL: Teacher Work Day.

AP Human Geography Week #26 Winter 2014. AP Human Geography 3/9/15 OBJECTIVE: Examine world...

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