Atoms and Elements

PPT 3: Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes

Information and Figures are from ONScience 9, and from Science Links 9, both texts are published by McGraw-Hill Ryerson (2009)

States of Matter Review

• BrainPOPs: Measuring Matter and Matter Changing States

– Activity sheets

• http://wn.com/states_of_matter_rap

– Show the one that is 4 female teachers dressed in black with lime green (length 3:40)

Properties of Matter

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EeWzyR1xap4 – Properties of matter rap

• Lab: Raising Underwater Artifacts

Matter that contains more than one kind of particle

E.g. salt and pepper

E.g. salt dissolved in

water

Matter that contains only one kind of

particle

Cannot be broken down into simpler parts by chemical

methods

Made of 2 or more elements that are

chemically combined

E.g. helium, oxygen

E.g. water, carbon dioxide

Answer the following:

1. Name an element that is part of your everyday life, and describe how you use it.

2. Name a compound that is part of your everyday life, and describe how you use it.

• Complete the paper clip activity, “Element, Compound, or Mixture”

Activity

Discuss Advantages

and Disadvantages

Chemistry, Society and the Environment

Physical Properties• Features of matter that can be observed and

measured without changing the type of matter that it is.

Activity• Describe the physical properties of the objects

in the pictures

Qualitative Physical Properties

• Can be observed or described without measuring (no numbers)

Property Examples

Color Colorless, red, black

Odour Sweet, mouldy

State Solid, liquid, gas

Texture Rough, smooth, bumpy

Lustre Shiny, dull

Malleability Soft, pliable or bendable, hard

Ductility Can be pulled into wires

Quantitative Physical Properties• Can be measured and given a value (numbers)

Property Description

Viscosity Resistance to flow

Melting point and Boiling point

Temperature of melting and boiling

Solubility Ability to dissolve in another substance

Hardness Ability to scratch another material

Conductivity Ability to conduct electricity and heat

Density Ratio of mass to volume

Solubility

• Salt is a SOLUTE that dissolves in the SOLVENTwater to produce a saltwater SOLUTION

Chemical Properties

• Describe how substances can change or react and form new substances

Chemical Properties

Property Example or Description

Combustibility The ability to burn, catch fire in air

Reactivity with oxygen Apples turning brown

Reactivity with acidsBaking soda and vinegar produce carbon dioxide gas

Reactivity with othersubstances

When mixed together, some substances form a precipitate (an insoluble solid)

Decomposition The change that happens when a substance breaks down, usually uses electricity or heat

Activity

• Which chemical property is represented by each picture?

Worksheets

• Topic 2.2: pages 56 - 59

Lab

• Complete Lab: Physical and Chemical Properties of substances

Chemical and Physical Changes

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCbqjs-pqJo (examples of changes)

• Video: Chemical Reactions - Bill Nye The Science Guy and worksheet http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rtcf6Pjahec

Lab

• Complete Gizmos (combine):

– Mineral Identification

– Mystery Powder Analysis Activity A