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Auteuil, ParisMarch 2011

Jefferson Lab The 12 GeV Era

Hugh Montgomery

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Outline

• 12 GeV Upgrade Project Schedule

• 12 GeV Physics Agenda

• 12 GeV Upgrade Hardware

• Conclusion

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12 GeV Upgrade Schedule

Two short parasitic installation periods in FY10

6-month installation May – Oct 2011

12-month installation May 2012 – May 2013

Hall A commissioning start October 2013

Hall D commissioning start April 2014

Halls B/C commissioning start October 2014

Project Completion June 2015

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12 GeV Upgrade

Enhanced capabilities in existing Halls

New Hall

CHL-2

Maintain capability to deliverlower pass beam energies

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Hall D Glue

Electron Beam from CEBAF

Lead GlassDetector

Solenoid

Coherent BremsstrahlungPhoton Beam

CerenkovCounter

(descoped)

Time ofFlight

BarrelCalorimeter

Note that tagger is80 m upstream of

detector

Target

Central DriftChambers (CDC)

Forward Drift Chambers (FDC)

c

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Hall B

HTCC

CTOF

Silicon Tracker

PCAL

FTOF

Drift ChambersR1, R2, R3

CLAS12

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Hall C• New Super High Momentum Spectrometer

(SHMS) Horiz. Bender, 3 Quads + DipoleP →11 GeV/cdP/P 0.5 –1.0x10-3

Acceptance: 5msr, 30%5.5°< θ< 40°

• High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS)

P →7.5 GeV/cDP/P = 0.5 –1.0x10-3

Acceptance: 6.5msr, 18%10.5°< θ< 90°

• Minimum opening angle: 17°

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Super Bigbite Spectrometer (SBS) in Hall A

Scattering chamber

Vacuum snout

Magnetic shield

First tracker

Second tracker Hadron calorimeter

Beam line Pb shield

48D48 magnet

Third tracker

CH2 analyzer

Beam

MIE Funding schedule under discussion with DOE

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H1, ZEUS

JLab Upgrade

11 GeV

H1, ZEUS

JLab @ 12 GeV11 GeV27

GeV

200

GeV

W = 2 GeV

Study of high xB domain requires high luminosity

0.7

HERMES

COMPASS

The 12 GeV Upgrade is well matched to studies in the valence quark regime.

Kinematic Coverage of the 12 GeV Upgrade

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12 GeV Physics seen by the Physics Advisory Committee

• The Hadron spectra as probes of QCD(GlueX and heavy baryon and meson spectroscopy)

• The transverse structure of the hadrons (Elastic and transition Form Factors)

• The longitudinal structure of the hadrons (Unpolarized and polarized parton distribution functions)

• The 3-D structure of the hadrons(Generalized Parton Distributions and Transverse Momentum Distributions)

• Hadrons and cold nuclear matter(Medium modification of the nucleons, quark hadronization, N-N correlations, hypernuclear spectroscopy, few-body experiments)

• Low-energy tests of the Standard Model and Fundamental Symmetries(Møller, PVDIS, PRIMEX, …..)

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12 GeV Approved Experiments by Physics Topics

Topic Hall A Hall B Hall C Hall D Total

The Hadron spectra as probes of QCD (rated) (GlueX and heavy baryon and meson spectroscopy) 1 1 2

The transverse structure of the hadrons (rated) (Elastic and transition Form Factors) 4 2 3 9

The longitudinal structure of the hadrons (rated) (Unpolarized and polarized parton distribution functions) 2 2 4 8

The 3D structure of the hadrons (unrated) (Generalized Parton Distributions and Transverse Momentum Distributions) 3 8 4 15

Hadrons and cold nuclear matter (rated) (Medium modification of the nucleons, quark hadronization, N-N correlations, hypernuclear spectroscopy, few-body experiments) 1 2 5 8

Low-energy tests of the Standard Model and Fundamental Symmetries (rated at PAC 37) 2 1 3

TOTAL 12 15 16 2 45

Current PAC approved experiments represent over 6 years of running at 35 weeks/year and Hall multiplicity of 2.9

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QCD and confinement

Large DistanceLow Energy

Small DistanceHigh Energy

Perturbative QCD Strong QCD

High Energy Scattering

GluonJets

Observed

Spectroscopy

GluonicDegrees of Freedom

Missing

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š/r

ground state

transverse phonon modes Hybrid mesons

Normal mesons

1 GeV mass difference

Hybrid mesons and mass predictions

Jpc = 1-+

q

q

q

q

Lattice 1-+ 1.9 GeV2+- 2.1 GeV0+- 2.3 GeV

Lowest mass expected to be p1(1−+) at 1.9±0.2 GeV

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Measuring High-x Structure FunctionsREQUIRES:• High beam polarization• High electron current• High target polarization• Large solid angle spectrometers

12 GeV will access the regime (x > 0.3), where valence quarks dominate

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Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs)

Proton form factors, transverse charge & current densities

Structure functions,quark longitudinalmomentum & helicity distributions

X. Ji, D. Mueller, A. Radyushkin (1994-1997)

Correlated quark momentum and helicity distributions in transverse space – GPDs, TMDs

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The Nucleus : The EMC Effect

1982 2009EMC Effect Observed Origins Still Obscure

Local Density Effect?

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Nucleon-Nucleon Short Range Correlations

• Strong multi-nucleon component indicating short range correlations

• p-n dominates• Plateaux x>1 scale with

EMC slope 0.35<xBj<0.7

Experiment from Jefferson LabGraphics from CERN Courier

Short Range Correlations and EMC Effect have common

origin???

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All Data & Fits Plotted at 1 σ

HAPPEx: H, HeG0: H, PVA4: HSAMPLE: H, D

Isovector weak charge

Isos

cala

r wea

k ch

arge

Standard Model Prediction

Weak Couplings

Q-weak expected precision

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Møller & Deep Inelastic Scattering Parity Violation

• SoLID: general purpose deep inelastic parity violating experiment with solenoid

• Broad scope semi-inclusive deep inelastic physics

• Chinese contribution

Dedicated Møller Experiment (successor to SLAC E158)

DOE MIE proposal → Physics Review

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sin2qW

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New: Search for a Heavy PhotonSearch for new forces mediated

by ~100 MeV vector boson A’ with weak coupling to electrons

e+

(“dark photon”)

small couplinge-

g’A’

Motivated by dark matter anomalies:• excess of 10-100 GeV e+ flux found by PAMELA

satellite (Nature 2009, 1 citation/day)• excess of few-100 GeV e+ + e- flux by Fermi

satellite/HESSBut - no excess of anti-protons observed!

- observed annihilation rate is large! Suggests MA’ < 1 GeV decay to protons

kinematically forbidden

Irrespective of anomalies: • New ~GeV–scale force carriers are important category of physics beyond the SM• Fixed-target experiments @JLab (FEL + CEBAF) have unique capability to explore this!

g – 2 preferred!

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Jefferson lab 12 GeV Upgrade

Physics Program is Compelling and is

Expanding

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CIVIL CONSTRUCTION – Central Helium Liquefier (CHL) #2

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Hall D Status – Dec. 2010

Ready For Equipment (RFE)Dec. 28, 2010

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Accelerator Construction Highlights

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12 GeV Upgrade – Cryomodule Cavity String

January 4, 2011

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Physics Equipment Construction

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Hall D DetectorsBarrel Calorimeter Sixteenth Production

Module

The Mighty BCAL Press

First BCAL Modules Arrive!

Preparing Solenoid Test

Central Drift Chamber Endplates

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Jefferson Lab 12 GeV Upgrade

An exciting scientific opportunity Explore the physical origins of quark confinement (GlueX) New access to the spin and flavor structure of the proton and neutron Reveal the quark/gluon structure of nuclei Potential new physics through high precision tests of the Standard

Model

Strong User community involvement NSF MRI and NSERC funding to universities for detector elements Strong international collaborations and contributions 45 PAC-approved experiments – ranking in progress

Accel-Civil-Physics scope leverages the existing facilityConstruction is well underway !

New Proposals and collaborations are welcome

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Conclusion

Jefferson Lab continues to function well

The12 GeV Upgrade Project is making enormous progress

Thus far there has been strong support for the 12 GeV Ugrade Project from the President, from

Congress, DOE, NSF and International Funding Agencies

Look for the continuation of that support.