Post on 28-Dec-2015
transcript
Avian Flu
Simplified Bird flu timeline
1997
1997 (HONG KONG)- 18 Hong Kongpeople infected byAvian influenza- Epidemic of bird fluin local poultryPopulation, caused by The same strain
2004
2004 (VIETNAM)-8 confirmed casesIn people-Try to eliminate the threat by killingmillions of birds
2005
March 2005-55 people in Vietnam,Cambodia and ThailandHad come down withThe flu (42 died)
June 2005 (INDONESIA)-A man and his two daughters die of H5N1,although none of them worked around poultry.
October 2005- H5N1 has confirmed to spread to birds in Turkey and Romania
Spreading from Asia to East Europe
Cumulative total cases in Asia
Russia
China
Vietnam
Last week
• China: 4 cases in one month
Inner MongoliaAnhuiHunan
Liaoning
follow the route of migratory birds
• Vietnam: confirmed more bird flu outbreaks among poultry in three villages
What the world is fearing of?
• H5N1 virus may mutate to flavour human-to-human transmission
• Another pandemic?
- previous one in 1918-1919, Spanish Flu
killed 40-50 million people
- Experts agree that another one is
inevitable and probably imminent
What the world is fearing of?
• Another pandemic? (cont’) - Prof. KY Yuen stated that the mortality of bird flu in human race would be 50%, even much higher than SARS - UN Secretary General Kofi Annan: - health systems overburdened - families, communities and whole societies devastated - transport and trade, education and other services disrupted or stop - economic and social progress of nations risks reversed
Main causes of avian flu
• Bird flu in birds: Influenza A virus affect chickens, ducks and other birds
• Transmitted to human by: - direct/indirect contact with wild ducks and chickens - unhygienic handling of infected poultry e.g. not washing hands in contact with eyes and nose• Migratory birds’ spreading
Symptoms in human avian flu
• Fever• Fatigue• Cough• Sore throat• Eye infections• Muscle aches
Protection
• Vaccine: - currently, no vaccines - approximately 4 months to make one vaccine - impossible to make vaccine a virus that hasn't been identified (no human-to- human transmission strain yet)
Protection
• Antiviral drug:
- e.g. Tamiflu
- taken very soon (often within 48 hours) after an infection is suspected one pill every day
- WHO: those governments that can afford Tamiflu should stockpile it
- The Swiss maker of Tamiflu, Roche, halt the supply to local pharmacies and private clinics temporarily reserve all stocks for future
-Third World country gets generic version (because can’t afford the brand name version)
Prevention
• Avoid touching live poultry or their droppings
• Wash your hands thoroughly with liquid soap and water immediately after contact with live poultry, birds or their droppings
• Have a healthy lifestyle• Maintain good indoor ventilati
on
What did HK government do?
• Immigration control measures • Suspend import of poultry and poultry meat from infected
regions (e.g. vietnam, Hunan and Liaoning)• Stockpile tamiflu
- Department of Health 2.7-million doses
- Hospital Authority 800,000 doses • A patient transfer mechanism will be formed between pu
blic and private hospitals• Regular drills are conducted• Free vaccination programme to safeguard chickens
Are the world ready?• WHO: No!!!!! - Urge all countries to develop preparedness plan only 40 countries done it - Urge countries to stockpile antiviral drugs 30 doing, but manufactory has no capacity to fill immediately - Present trend: no access to vaccine or drug if the flu break out • The only thing we can do: Pray, prevent and wait