Post on 24-Feb-2016
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BacteriaOur little friends…
Prokaryotes•Cells without a nucleus
•Bacteria•________
Prokaryotes•2 kingdoms-–Eubacteria–___________
Eubacteria•Protective cell wall•Can have 1-2 layer
membrane in cell Wall.•Found everywhere•____________
Cyanobacteria•Most important Eubacteria
•Blue-green pigment, no chloroplasts
•Found in _________
Archaebacteria•Lack Eubacteria carbohydrate in cell wall (____________)
•Oxygen free living aka.. ____________
•Live in extremes salt, acid & temp.
Identification•_______•Cell wall•________
Shape•Rod- ________ (plural)
-bacillus (singular)
Shape•Round- ________ •Staphylococcus epidermidis
•Chains/clumps/pairs
Shape•Spiral- ________•Leptospira•syphilis
Cell Wall•Gram stain- Hans Gramm–Blue- gram (+) 1layer –Red- gram (-) 2 layers1layer- Carbohydrates 2 layer- lipid Membrane
Movement•Flagella- 1 or more•______-hairs•Gliding- slimelayer•Some don’t move
Getting Energy•Autotrophs–__________–Chemotroph
Getting Energy•Heterotrophs–Chemotrophic…–___________…
-use both light and organics
Respiration•Obligate ________–Must have O2
•Obligate _________–Poisoned by O2
Clostridium botulinum•Ex. Of Anaerobe•Grows and produce toxins
•Botulism causes paralysis
•__________ Anaerobes–Don’t need O2
–Aren’t poisoned by O2
Reproduction•Binary FissionGenetic Recombination•Trasformation,
Transduction•__________- Pili•Spore formation endospore
Growth•Some can reproduce in 20 minutes
•How many in 24 hours?
Importance of Bacteria
•Used to make foods–Cheese–Yogurt–Pickles
Other uses of bacteria•Oil spill cleanup•Water __________•Making drugs ex.
»E.Coli & insulin
Bacteria and YOU!•____________–Intestines E. Coli–Skin–Mouth
Bacteria All Around•Nutrient flow–Bacteria recycle and decompose dead material!!! What would happen if no bacteria
___________•Name for bacteria which decompose complex organic molecules into soil and nutrients
•Ex. Fish Tanks–Ammonia-> Nitrites–Nitrites-> Nitrates–Clean fish water
Sewage Decomposition
Nitrogen ________•All Living things need Nitrogen
•N2 in the atmosphere is not usable
•Cyanobacteria can make nitrogen usable
•“Nitrogen Fixation”•________ in beans nodulescrop rotation
Diseases from Viruses and Bacteria
________•Disease producing agents..
•Can include more than just viruses and bacteria
Virus caused disease•HIV•Mumps•Yellow fever•Common cold
Small Pox
Polio- causes muscle function loss
measles
Influenza
Rabies
Cancer•Oncogenic viruses•Rous sarcoma virus in chickens
Bacteria Caused Diseases
Diptheria
Tetanus- causes severe muscle contraction
Hansen disease-leprosy
Cholera
Bubonic Plague
Prevention and Control
Antibiotics•Can attack bacterial cells
Sterilization•Fire•Disinfectant- lysol•Radiation
Food Processing•Refrigeration•Cooking•Preservatives- salt vinegar…