Brainstorm a list of what you value.

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The widely-shared beliefs, values, and norms that citizens share about their government.

Rule of law

Warm Up1.Equality2.Justice3.Tolerance4.Self Reliance5.Community6.Freedom7.Democracy8.Stability9.Security10.Cooperation

EmploymentFreedom from unfair competition Housing, Medical care, Education, Social security

Divided GovernmentOne party does not control executive and Legislative branches

Effect

Distrust in Gov.Partisanship, Gridlock, Frustration

WHY?

“I am not a crook”

Vietnam

Clinton/LewinskyWatergate Divided Gov.

Democrats

Republicans

Cost of Elections$745 million

What impact can a declining external political efficacy have on political behavior and why?

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• Abundant and fertile land• Property Rights• Countless opportunities to acquire land/make

living• Lack of feudal society• Independent spirit• To adapt Gov. to time and place

Today, would De Tocqueville believe that our democracy is still on the right course?

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Early projections

Process in which people acquire their political beliefs

• Strongest• Fairly equal influence of mother and father• When differ, associate with closest parent• Impact of growing number of Independents

• Higher income More conservative and supportive of Republicans

• Lower incomes- More liberal and supportive of Democrats

2. Income

(ideology: conservative/liberal)

• Conflicting results• More education, more conservative

• College students more liberal than general population

• Most prestigious- most liberal

Whites: More conservative (more Republican)

Blacks: More liberal (strongest support of Democratic Party) >90%

Hispanics: Cubans v. Mexican Americans

Asians:

• Protestant: More conservative generally• Evangelicals more on social issues and econ• Catholic: Traditionally more liberal

(Economic) than on social issues (Abortion issue)

• Jewish: Most liberal (Strong support for the Democratic Party)

• 1900’sconservative• 1992 Year of the Woman• Clinton and Soccer Moms• Gender Gap: Sex sensitive issues, compare to past• Security Moms• NASCAR Dads

• Coastal Cities: environment• Urban areas: immigrants,

minorities• Solid South

• Rust Belt• Rural areas

(religion?)

Warm Up # 1

• Who are those most likely to vote in the next election?

• Who are those least likely to vote?

Characteristics Of those likely to

Vote wealthEducation

RaceAge

• Registration (motor voter Bill)• Long Ballot: Excessive number of

issues to vote on• Type of election: General, Primary,

midterm, state, delegates • Difficulty in obtaining absentee ballots• Too many elections: Ballot fatigue• Weekday, non-holiday voting

(Voting is a linkage institution, interest groups,political parties & media)

• Lack of political efficacy• Dissatisfaction with candidates, parties, etc.• Weakness of parties’ ability to mobilize voters

Don’t like either, so why vote?

• Level of Education: Level of edu. Highest predictor• Income: High vs. Low• Age: 18-24 lowest 45 and up highest• Race: White vs. minorities• Cross-cutting cleavages • Religious Involvement

Less Gov.

More Gov.

LessGov.

More Gov.

Stickers and buttons

Comparison with other countries

U.S. Europe

Why?

Suffrage Qualifications

Religion & PropertyState Legislatures eliminated theseRace 15th Amend

Gender 19th Amend.

Income 24th Amend. Literacy

Voting Rights Act 1965

Age 21 26th Amend.

• Property restrictions (Andrew Jackson)• Race: 15th Amendment• Women: 19th Amendment• Income: 24th Amendment• Literacy: Voting Rights Act of 1965• Minimum age of 18: 26th Amendment

Impact of expansion

Less voting power per person

In your opinion, what is the single most influential reason for not voting?

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Issue Liberal Position Conservative Position

Health Care It’s a right, government health plan

It’s a privilege, private plan, national clearinghouse for

insurance, H.S.A.Crime/Punish Rehabilitation, no Capital

PunishmentEye for an eye, Capital

PunishmentBusiness Reg. Regulation on

businessesFree market solutions,

deregulation

Military Spending

Decrease spending, smaller military

Increase spending, larger military

Taxes Tax increase on wealthy, progressive tax

Tax cuts, regressive tax, flat tax

Welfare Expand welfare, medicare, medicaid,

social security

Faith based initiatives, privatize social security

1. Elect Party Chair2. Pick a name and symbol that represents what you stand for in your

party. Explain how this represents you3. Create a seniority list4. Pick plank topics5. Assign planks to party members6. Write planks due in 30 minutes7. Prepare your speech8. Have symbol drawn and ready for the speech

Prepare Presentationa. Attention Getter

Anecdoteb. Thesis or Catch Phrase

RENEWING AMERICA’S PROMISE

c. Support MaterialsTreats, signs, music…

Platform Presentations

They must be persuasive to sway votes on legislation

Pled guilty on January 3, 2006, to three criminal felony counts

Cannot be denied the right to vote due to your race, color or previous condition of servitude.

If you have the right to vote in state elections, you have the right to vote in federal elections. Direct Election

of Representatives

Direct Election of Senators1913

Women cannot be denied the right to vote.

Outlawed the poll tax

Can vote if you are age 18 or older (1971)

• Passed in 1964• Outlawed

discrimination in job hiring, voting, and unfair registration requirements.

• Was not enforced, had no “teeth”

• Selma, Alabama: MLK Jr. led a registration drive that was met with resistance.

• Gave “teeth” to 15th Amendment and Civil Rights Act

• Applies to all elections

• Outlawed poll tax and suspended literacy test requirements, and gave federal officers oversight power.

The right to vote

• Straight: Voting for one party on the entire ballot to stay within party lines.

• Split: Voting for each candidate individually, regardless of affiliation.

• Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support for the Democratic presidential candidate and identify and explain one factor that contributes to that support.

• Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support for the Republican presidential candidate and identify and explain one factor that contributes to that support.

Elections in the United States are characterized by low voter turnout.

• Discuss two demographic characteristics associated with nonvoting

• Discuss two institutional obstacles associated with nonvoting.

Issue Democrats Republicans

Social Spending

Military Spending

Budget Deficit

Education

Pro Anti

Anti Pro

Balanced Budget Tax Cuts

Pro SpendingPro Public

SchoolsPro Teachers

Unions

Anti SpendingPro School

ChoicePro Teacher

Testing

Life Style

Abortion

Gay Rights

Gun Control

Environment

Energy

Unions

Liberal Freedom Traditional Values

Pro Choice Pro Life

Pro Anti

Pro Anti

Pro Environment Pro Big Business

Pro-Alternative Sources

Pro Big Energy Companies

Pro Anti

Democratic Republican

Traditionally Dem. Switched to Republican

Democrats Republicans

Southerners Union members Business ownersFarmers Minorities White

Jewish, Catholic Protestant

Urban Dwellers Suburban Dwellers

Rural DwellersEconomic Liberals

Economic ConservativesFree Market

Third Party

• Created for a specific cause or issue• Usually an offshoot of a major party

Third Party Election Results• 1912Bull Moose/ Progressives 27.5 %

– Teddy roosevelt• 1924 Progressives 16.6%

– LaFollette• 1968 American Independ. 13.5%

– Wallace• 1992 Reform 18.9%

– Perot• 2000 Green 2.7%

– Nader• 2004 Green 1.0%

open secrets

Money going directly to a candidate $2,000 or PAC $5,000

Promotes a Cause, not limited. Super PACs

Campaign Reform Act: McCain/Feingold