Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior deals with how people actdeals with how people act

and react in organizations and react in organizations of all kinds. of all kinds.

… … of the many organizations that touch of the many organizations that touch

your life on regular basis:your life on regular basis:

Organizations that …Organizations that …

EmployEducateServeInform

FeedHealProtectEntertain

There are doubtless many factors responsible for the success of

Southwest Airlines.

Its…unique reservation system

the uniformity of its equipmentuse of less expensive secondary

airports all these certainly play a part

But …

Herb Kelleher’s special relationship with the people

who make up the company stands out the most.

Thus it makes sense to realize that “the human side of work”

is a critical element in the effective functioning – and basic existence

of organizations.

OB scientist and practitioners study and attempt to solve problems by

using knowledge derived fromresearch in the Behavioral Science,such as Psychology and Sociology.

The valuable information helps to solve awide range of organizational problems

Such as:

What can be done to make people more productive?What can be done to make people more satisfied?

When and how should people be organized into teams?How should jobs be designed to make people adapt to change?

How should organizations be designed to meet challenges?

OB Applies the Scientific Method to Practical Managerial Problems.

“The field that seeks increased knowledge of all aspects of

behavior in organizational setting through the use of scientific method.”

To understand fully behavior in organizations, we must considerthree levels of analysis: Process

occurring within …

Assumptionabout people

Interestin working

Conditions underwhich peoplewill work hard

Work when pushed

Low (disinterested)

Basically lazy

DistrustingOrientation

towards people

THEORY X(traditional approach)

THEORY Y(modern approach)

Work whenappropriately trained

and recognized

High (very interested)

Accepting, promotesBetterment of

Human resources

Need to achieveAnd responsible

OB Seeks to Improve People’s Quality of Life at Work

A structured social system consisting of groups and

individuals workingtogether to meet some agreed-upon Objectives.

Training, manufacturing

From the environment

natural resources, skilled workforce

to the environment

products, wages earned

Transformation Output

Input

The open systems approach assumes that organizations are self-sustaining that is, they transform inputs into outputs in a

continuous fashion.

OB recognizes the Dynamic Nature of OrganizationsOB recognizes the Dynamic Nature of Organizations

OB Assumes There Is No “One Best” ApproachOB Assumes There Is No “One Best” Approach

Individual Factors(eg. Personal characteristic)

Situational Factors(eg. social relations

between co-workers)

Organizational Behavior

Environmental Context Factors

(eg. The economy)

A Capsule History of Organizational Behavior A Capsule History of Organizational Behavior

Scientific ManagementTime and Motion Study

The Human Relations MovementClassical Organizational Theory

Bureaucratic Theory

Organizational Behavior in the Modern EraOrganizational Behavior in the Modern Era

Psychology(stress, perception, learning)

Sociology andSocial Psychology

(work dynamics, leadership,work-related attitudes)

ManagementScience

(total quality management)

Anthropology(organizational culture, cross-cultural studies)

Political Science(conflict, power, and politics)

Communication(communication networks

In organization)

Field of Organizational

Behavior